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University  of  California. 


G-IB'T   OF 


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ARTILLERY 


FOR    THE 


UNITED  STATES  LAND  SERVICE, 


X8  DEVISED  AND  ARRANGED  BY 


THE    ORDNANCE   BOARD 


WITH   PLATES. 


PREPARKD  UNDER  THE  INSTRUCTIONS  OF  THE 

COLONEL  OF  ORDNANCE, 

BY 

BREVET  MAJOR  ALFRED  MORDECAI, 

OF    THE,  ORDNANCE     DEPARTMENT. 


WASHINGTON: 

J.  AND  r..  S-  CilDEONj  T'KINTERS. 

1849. 

L I B  R  A  }?  Y 

UNIVKiJM  J  V  OF 

^CALIFORNIA. 


^/3 


/2.iO 


1 


INTRODUCTION.  m 


ORDNANCE  DEPARTMENT, 

Washington,  16th  August,  1849. 

Hon.  G.  W.  Crawford, 

Secretary  of  War: 

Sir:  During  a  number  of  years  past  the  efforts  of  the  Ordnance 
Corps  have  been  directed,  under  the  annexed  orders  of  the  War 
Department,  to  the  preparation  of  a  system  of  Artillery  for  the 
Land  Service  of  the  United  States.  I  respectfully  present  for 
your  approval  the  result  of  our  labors,  which,  except  in  a  few  par- 
ticulars, are  now  completed,  and  when  sanctioned,  will  govern 
in  all  constructions  by  this  Department,  and  establish  uniformity 
therein. 

I  am,  sir,  most  respectfully. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

G.  TALCOTT, 
Bvt.  Brig.  Gen. ,  Col.  of  Ordnance. 


WAR  DEPARTMENT, 

April  16M,  1839. 

Gentlemen:  You  are  hereby  informed  that  you  are  associated 
on  duty  for  the  purpose  of  devising  and  arranging  a  uniform  sys- 
tem of  Artillery,  and  other  supplies  of  every  kind  furnished  for 
the  military  service  by  the  Ordnance  Department,  for  which 
purpose  an  appropriation  was  made  at  the  last  session  of  Con- 
gress. 


IV  INTRODUCTION. 

In  the  execution  of  this  duty  you  will  prepare  the  necessary 
drawings,  tables,  and  descriptions  in  detail,  of  all  the  articles  of 
supply,  which  will  be  presented  from  time  to  time  to  the  Secre- 
tary of  War  for  examination  and,  when  approved,  for  adoption 
into  service. 

"You  will  assemble  for  this  purpose  at  Washington  as  early  as 

practicable.     The  time  of  meeting  to  be  designated  by  Lieut.  Col. 

Talcott. 

Very  respectfully. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

J.  R.  POINSETT, 

Secretary  of  War. 

Lieut.  Col.  Geo.  Talcott, 
Major  R.  L.  Baker, 
Captain  A.  Mordecai, 
Capt.  B.  HuGER, 

Ordnance  Corps. 


War  Department, 

August  16M,  1849. 

The  system  of  Artillery  for  the  Land  Service,  prepared  by  the 

Ordnance  Department,  is  approved,  and  will  be  adopted. 

GEO.  W.  CRAWFORD, 

Secretary  of  War. 


INTRODUCTION.  V 

Washington,  August,  1849. 
To  Brig.  Gen.  GEO.  TALCOTT, 

Ordnance  Department. 

Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  report  that  I  have  completed,  as  far 
as  practicable  at  present,  the  duty  assigned  to  me  by  your  instruc- 
tions of  Oct.  14th,  1847,  relative  to  ^ ^arranging,  preparing,  and 
publishing  drawings  of  a  uniform  system  of  Artillery." 

The  arrangement  of  the  details  of  this  system  has  occupied  a 
great  part  of  the  time  and  attention  of  the  Ordnance  Board  since 
its  organization  in  1839,  and  these  drawings  have  been  prepared 
in  conformity  with  their  decisions,  approved  and  adopted  by  the 
proper  authority. 

The  Plates  show  the  forms  and  dimensions  of  the  ordnance, 
and  of  the  various  gun  carriages,  wagons,  equipments  and  imple- 
ments for  the  service  of  the  Artillery,  together  with  the  details 
required  for  their  construction  at  the  arsenals. 

These  plates  are  accompanied  by  an  explanatory  Text  which 
contains  the  nomenclature  of  the  parts,  and  describes  the  nature, 
dimensions  and  quantity  of  the  materials  for  their  construction, 
together  with  other  particulars,  relative  to  the  manner  of  working 
these  materials,  which  could  not  be  exhibited  in  the  plates. 

The  work  is  divided  into  separate  parts  for  the  purpose  of  facil- 
itating the  preparation  and  use  of  it,  and  also  in  order  to  admit, 
without  inconvenience,  such  alterations  and  additions  as  future 
experience  may  suggest.  With  this  view,  the  plates  of  each  part, 
and  the  pages  of  the  corresponding  text,  are  numbered  in  a  sepa- 
rate series,  so  that  they  may  be  bound  in  single  parts,  or  in  any 
convenient  volume. 

To  avoid  the  necessity  of  frequently  repeating,  in  the  plates, 
the  figures  which  are  common  to  many  parts  of  the  work,  (such 
as  the  dimensions  of  the  heads  and  nuts  of  bolts,  &c.,)  those  de- 


VI  INTRODUCTION. 

tails  are  given,  in  tabular  form,  in  appropriate  parts  of  the  text, 
according  to  a  uniform  system  of  clashification  which  is  explained 
in  the  beginning  of  Part  second. 

The  dimensions  on  the  plates  are  expressed,  in  inches  and  deci- 
mal parts,  by  figures  and  marks  of  reference. 

Some  discrepancies,  (almost  unavoidable  in  so  large  a  work,) 
may  be  observed  between  the  dimensions  measured  by  the  scale 
and  those  indicated  by  the  figures  of  reference;  in  such  cases  the 
latter  are  always  to  be  taken  as  a  guide. 

Part  6  is  deficient  in  the  carriages  for  mounting  columbiads, 
and  Part  8,  in  the  beds  for  heavy  mortars,  the  arrangement  of 
which  has  been  recently  committed,  by  the  Ordnance  Board,  to 
Col.  Huger. 

I  take  pleasure  in  acknowledging  here  the  highly  valuable 
assistance  which  I  have  received,  in  the  preparation  and  revision 
of  this  work,  from  Lieut.  Col.  Baker,  of  the  Ordnance  Depart- 
ment, commanding  the  Arsenal  at  Watervliet,  and  also  from  the 
master  workmen  at  Watervliet  and  Washington  Arsenals. 
Respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

A.  MORDECAI, 
Capt.  Ordnance,  Bvt.  Major. 


Note. — In  the  plates  which  are  colored,  the  nature  of  the  material  is  denoted 
by  the  color,  as  follows : 

Wood    -        -  -  -  Straw  color. 

Wrought  Iron      -  -  Blue. 

Cast  Iron      -  -  .  J^eutral  lint. 

Steel    -        -  -  -  Purple. 

Brass     -        -  -  -  Yellow. 

Copper  -        -  -  -  Light  red. 

Bronze  -        -  -  -  Reddish  yellow. 


Leather        -        -        -    Light  broion. 
Rope  and  Linen    -        -     Greenish  grey. 


CONTENTS 


Part        I.     Ordnance  for  the  Land  Service. 

Part      II.     Carriages  for  the  service  of  Field  Artillery. 

Part     III.     Carriages  for  the  service  of  Siege  Batteries. 

Part     IV.     Harness  for  Field  and  Siege  Carriages. 

Part  V.  Gun  Carriage  and  Equipments  for  the  service  of 
Mountain  Artillery. 

Part     VI.     Carriages  for  the  service  of  Barbette  Batteries. 

Part    VII.     Carriages  for  the  service  of  Casemate  Batteries. 

Part  VIII.     Mortar  Beds. 

Part     IX.     Machines  for  Siege  and  Garrison  Service. 

Part  X.  Implements,  Equipments,  and  Tools,  for  the  service 
of  Field,  Siege,  and  Garrison  Artillery. 

Part     XL     Ammunition  and  Projectiles. 

Part  XII.  Equipment  of  Ammunition  Chests,  Gun  Carriages 
and  Wagons,  for  the  service  of  Field  and  Siege 
Batteries. 

PartXIII.  Instruments  for  verifying  the  dimensions  of  Ord- 
nance and  Projectiles. 


ARTILLERY 


PART    FIRST 


ORDNANCE 


FOR 


THE   LAND    SERVICE 


1848 


PART    FIRST. 


ORDNANCE. 


The  following  are  the  kinds  and  calibres  of  ordnance  used  in 
the  land  service  of  the  United  States. 


Kind  of  Ordnance. 


Calibre. 


Material. 


No.  of  Plate. 


Guns    - 


Howitzers 


COLUMBIADS 


Mortars 


Field    -    -    -    - 

Siege  and  garrison 
Seacoast    -    -    - 


Mountain 
Field    - 


■\ 


Siege  and  garrison 
Seacoast    -    -    - 


Light  - 
Heavy 

Stone  mortar 

Coehorn    -    ■ 

^  Eprouvette    • 


--  \ 


6-pounder 
12-pounder 

12-pounder 
18-pounder 
24-pounder 
32-pounder 
42-pounder 

12-pounder 
12-pounder 
24-pounder 
32-pounder 

8-inch 
24-pounder 

8-inch 
10-inch      - 

8-inch 
10-inch      - 

8-inch 
10-inch      - 
10-inch      - 
13-inch 

16-inch  - 
24-pounder 
24-pounder 


Bronze 


Iron 


Bronze 


Iron    - 


Bronze 
Iron 


I. 
II. 

III. 

IV. 

V. 

VI. 

VII. 

VIII. 

IX. 

X. 

XI. 

XII. 
XIII. 
XIV. 

XV. 

XVI. 
XVII. 

XVIII. 

XIX. 

XX. 

XXI. 


XXII. 


A  12-inch  columbiad,    of  cast    iron,  has   also  been  tried   and 
promises  favorable  results. 


PART    1. ORDNANCE. 


Nomenclature  mid  description  of  ordnance. 

The  forms  and  dimensions  of  the  several  pieces  of  ordnance  are 
shown  in  the  Plates  referred  to  in  the  last  column  of  the  preceding 
table. 

Cannon  made  of  bronze  are  commonly  called  brass  cannon. 

The  cascable  is  the  part  of  the  gun  in  rear  of  the  base  ring;  it 
is  composed  generally  of  the  following  parts:  iliQ  knob,  the  neck, 
the  fillet,  and  the  base  of  the  breech. 

The  curves  of  the  knob  and  neck  of  the  cascable  are  constructed 
in  the  manner  represented  in  Plate  1. 

The  drawing  of  each  piece  gives  the  length,  A  B,  of  the  knob 
and  neck  together,  the  diameter  C  D  of  the  fillet,  the  greatest 
diameter  of  the  knob  and  the  smallest  diameter  of  the  neck.  Par- 
allel to  A  B,  at  a  distance  from  it  equal  to  one-third  of  the  greatest 
semi-diameter  of  the  knob,  draw  the  lines  m  o  and  n  p;  take  A  I, 
equal  to  twice  op,  and  from  the  centre  I  describe  the  arc  L  A  K; 
from  the  same  centre,  with  a  radius  equal  to  op,  describe  an  arc 
cutting  the  lines  m  o,  np,  in  m  and  n,  and  from  the  centres  m  and 
n,  with  the  radius  m\  ov  n\,  describe  the  arcs  K  r,  L  h. 

Draw  a  b  parallel  to  A  B,  at  a  distance  from  it  equal  to  half  the 
smallest  diameter  of  the  neck  of  the  cascable,  intersecting  the 
line  m  n  produced,  in  a ;  find  the  centre  /  of  a  circle  passing 
through  the  points  m,  a  and  C,  and  draw  fg  perpendicular  io  ab 
which  it  intersects  at  G;  an  arc  of  a  circle  having  its  centre  in  the 
line  fg  and  passing  through  the  points  C  and  G,  will  be  tangent 
to  the  line  a  b  and  to  the  arc  LEA. 

The  base  of  the  breech  is  a  frustum  of  a  cone,  or  a  spherical 
segment,  in  rear  of  the  breech. 

The  base  ring  is  a  projecting  band  of  metal  adjoining  the  base 
of  the  breech  and  connected  with  the  body  of  the  gun  by  a  con- 
cave moulding. 


NOMENCLATURE   AND  DESCRIPTION.  5 

The  breech  is  the  mass  of  solid  metal  behind  the  bottom  of  the 
bore,  extending  to  the  base  of  the  breech. 

The  reinforce  is  the  thickest  part  of  the  body  of  the  gun,  in 
front  of  the  base  ring ;  if  there  is  more  than  one  reinforce,  that 
which  is  next  to  the  base  ring  is  called  the  first  reinforce;  the 
other,  the  second  reinforce.  In  some  howitzers,  instead  of  a  re- 
inforce, there  is  a  recess  in  the  metal  around  the  chamber,  next 
to  the  base  ring. 

The  reinforce  band  is  at  the  junction  of  the  first  and  second  re- 
inforces in  the  heavy  howitzers  and  columbiads. 

The  chase  is  the  conical  part  of  the  gun  in  front  of  the  reinforce. 

The  astragal  and  fillets,  in  field  guns,  and  the  chase  ring  in 
other  pieces,  are  the  mouldings  at  the  front  end  of  the  chase. 

The  neck  is  the  smallest  part  of  the  piece,  in  front  of  the  astra- 
gal or  the  chase  ring. 

The  s^vell  of  the  muzzle  is  the  largest  part  of  the  gun  in 
front  of  the  neck.  It  is  terminated  by  the  muzzle  mouldings, 
which,  in  field  and  siege  guns,  consist  of  the  lip  and  the  fillet. 
In  the  seacoast  guns  and  heavy  howitzers  and  columbiads,  there 
is  no  fillet.  In  field  and  siege  howitzers  and  in  mortars  a  muzzle 
band  takes  the  place  of  the  swell  of  the  muzzle. 

The  face  of  the  piece  is  the  terminating  plane  perpendicular  to 
the  axis  of  the  bore. 

The  trunnions  are  cylinders,  the  axes  of  which  are  in  a  line 
perpendicular  to  the  axis  of  the  bore,  and  in  the  same  plane  with 
that  axis. 

The  rimbases  are  short  cylinders,  uniting  the  trunnions  with 
the  body  of  the  gun.  The  ends  of  the  rim  bases,  or  the  shoulders 
of  the  trunnions,  are  planes  perpendicular  to  the  axis  of  the  trun- 
nions. 

The  bare  of  the  piece  includes  all  the  part  bored  out,  viz:  the 
cylinder,  the  chamber  (if  there  be  one)  and  the  conical  or  spheri- 
cal surface  connecting  them. 


6  PART    1. — ORDNANCE. 

The  chaTnber,  in  howitzers,  columbiads  and  mortars,  is  the 
smaller  part  of  the  bore,  which  contains  the  charge  of  powder. 
In  howitzers  and  columbiads,  the  chamber  is  cylindrical ;  it  is 
united  with  the  large  cylinder  of  the  bore  by  a  conical  surface ; 
the  angles  of  intersection  of  this  conical  surface  with  the  cylin- 
ders of  the  bore  and  chamber  are  rounded  (in  profile)  by  arcs  of 
circles.  In  the  8-inch  siege  howitzer,  the  chamber  is  united  with 
the  cylinder  of  the  bore  by  a  spherical  surface,  in  order  that  the 
shell  may,  when  necessary,  be  inserted  without  a  sabot. 

A  conical  chamber  which  is  joined  to  the  cylinder  of  the  bore 
by  a  portion  of  a  spherical  surface,  (as  in  the  8-inch  and  10-inch 
light  mortars,)  is  called  a  Gomer  chamber. 

The  bottom  of  the  bore  is  a  plane  perpendicular  to  the  axis, 
united  with  the  sides  (in  profile)  by  an  arc  of  a  circle  the  radius 
of  which  is  one-fourth  of  the  diameter  of  the  bore  at  the  bottom. 
In  the  columbiads,  the  heavy  seacoast  mortars,  the  stone  mortar 
and  the  eprouvette,  the  bottom  of  the  bore  is  hemispherical. 

The  muzzle^  or  mouth  of  the  bore,  is  chamfered  to  a  depth  of 
0.15  inch  to  0.5  inch,  (varying  with  the  size  of  the  bore,)  in  order 
to  prevent  abrasion  and  to  facilitate  loading. 

The  true  windage  is  the  difference  between  the  true  diameters 
of  the  bore  and  of  the  ball. 

The  axis  of  the  vent  is  in  a  plane  passing  through  the  axis  of 
the  bore,  perpendicular  to  the  axis  of  the  trunnions.  In  guns, 
and  in  howitzers  having  cylindrical  chambers,  the  vent  is  placed 
at  an  angle  of  80°  with  the  axis  of  the  bore,  and  it  enters  the  bore 
at  a  distance  from  the  bottom  equal  to  one-fourth  the  diameter  of 
the  bore. 

The  diameter  of  the  vent  is  two-tenths  of  an  inch,  in  all  pieces 
except  the  eprouvette  in  which  it  is  one-tenth. 

The  vents  of  brass  guns  are  bored  in  vent  pieces  which  are 
screwed  into  the  gun ;  they  are  made  of  pure  wrought  copper, 
hammered  and  annealed.     The  form  and  dimensions  of  the  vent 


NOMENCLATURE  AND  DESCRIPTION.  7 

piece  are  shown  in  Plate  1.  The  length  of  the  screw  varies  ac- 
cording to  the  thickness  of  metal  at  the  vent,  so  that  the  cylin- 
drical head  of  the  vent  piece  shall  enter  the  gun  about  .25  inch 
deep  on  the  front  side. 

The  lock  piece  is  a  block  of  metal  at  the  outer  opening  of  the 
vent,  in  some  pieces  of  ordnance,  to  facilitate  attaching  a  lock  to 
the  cannon;  the  centre  of  its  upper  surface  is  usually  in  the  natural 
line  of  sight,  or  below  that  line. 

The  natural  line  of  sight  is  a  line  drawn  in  a  vertical  plane 
through  the  axis  of  the  piece,  from  the  highest  point  of  the  base 
ring  to  the  highest  point  in  the  swell  of  the  muzzle,  or  to  the  top 
of  the  sight,  if  there  is  one. 

The  natural  angle  of  sight  is  the  angle  which  the  natural  line 
of  sight  makes  with  the  axis  of  the  piece. 

The  dispart  is  the  difference  of  the  semi-diameters  of  the  base 
ring  and  the  swell  of  the  muzzle,  or  the  muzzle  band;  it  is  there- 
fore the  tangent  of  the  natural  angle  of  sight,  to  a  radius  equal  to 
the  distance  from  the  rear  of  the  base  ring  to  the  highest  point  of 
the  swell  of  the  muzzle,  the  sight,  or  the  front  of  the  muzzle 
band,  as  the  case  may  be. 

The  preponderance  of  the  breech  of  a  gun  is  the  excess  of  weight 
of  the  part  in  rear  of  the  trunnions  over  that  in  front ;  it  is  mea- 
sured by  the  weight  which  it  is  necessary  to  apply  in  the  plane 
of  the  muzzle  to  balance  the  gun  when  suspended  freely  on  the 
axis  of  the  trunnions. 

The  handles  of  a  gun  are  placed  with  their  centres  over  the 
centre  of  gravity  of  the  piece. 


PART    1. ORDNANCE. 


Table  of  weights  of  the  several  kinds  of  ordnance,  and  the  prepon- 
derance of  the  breech  in  guns  and  howitzers. 


Kind  of  ordnance. 

Calibre. 

Weight. 

Prepon- 
derance. 

Natural 

angle  of 

sight. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

o     » 

Field-    - 

6-pounder 

884 

33 

1    00 

12-pounder 

1,757 

60 

1    00 

■ 

12-pounder 

3,590 

200 

1    30 

GONS       -     - 

Siege,  gar- 

18-pounder 

4,913 

200 

1    30 

rison  and 

24-pounder 

5,790 

255 

1    30 

seacoast 

32-pounder 

7,195 

466 

I                     I 

42-pounder 

8,465 

440 

Mountain    - 

12-pounder 

220 

30 

0    37 

r 

12-pounder 

788 

51 

1    00 

Field-    -    j 

24-pounder 

1,318 

112 

1    00 

Howitzers    • 

Siege  and    ( 

32-pounder 
8-inch      - 

1,890 
2,614 

125 

460 

1    00 
1    00 

garrison   J 

24-pounder 

1,476 

70 

1    00 

Seacoast      \ 

8-inch      - 
10-inch      - 

5,740 
9,500 

380 
450 

COLUMBIADS        -     -      -     - 

8-inch      - 
10-inch      - 

9,240 
15,260 

350 
470 

1    23 
1    21 

Light      -     \ 

8-inch      - 
10-inch      - 

930 
1,852 

Mortars    - 

Heavy   -     \ 

10-inch      - 
13-inch      - 

5,775 
11,500 

Stone  mortaj 

16-inch      - 

1,500 

Coehorn 

24-pounder 

164 

i 

^Eprouvette- 

24-pounder 

220 

ARTILLERY 


PART    SECOND. 


CARRIAGES 


FOR  THE  SERVICE  OF 


FIELD    ARTILLERY 


1848. 


PART    SECOND 


FIELD    CARRIAGES. 


As  a  uniform  system  has  been  adopted  for  making  the  bolts, 
rivets,  nails,  &c.,  used  in  Artillery  carriages,  descriptions  will 
here  be  given  of  those  parts  of  which  the  elements  are  the 
same  in  all  carriages. 

The  descriptions  are  accompanied  by  Tables,  showing  the 
classification  of  these  elementary  parts,  and  the  manner  in 
which  they  are  designated,  when  referred  to  in  the  descriptions 
of  the  carriages. 


PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 


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BOLTS,    NUTS,    WASHERS.  3 

Remarks. 

In  the  preceding  table,  the  JVo.  indicates  the  size  of  the  bolt, 
and  the  Lettei'  the  form  of  the  head,  as  follows: 

A.  Bolt  with  round  (cylindrical)  head,  chamfered;  the  part  of 

the  stem  next  to  the  head  is  square. 

B.  Round  head,  not  chamfered ;   to  be  let  into  wood ;  square 

under  the  head. 

C.  Countersunk  head;  bolt  square  under  the  head. 

In  all  the  countersunk  heads  of  bolts,  rivets,  and  nails,  the 
same  slope  is  preserved,  (5  to  8,)  in  order  that  the  holes 
for  them  may  be  aU  countersunk  with  the  same  tool. 

D.  Convex,  or  rose  head ;  square  under  the  head. 

E.  Square  head,  chamfered;  round  under  the  head. 

These  bolts  are  intended  to  be  used  where  the  nuts  are  fixed 
by  being  let  into  wood;  to  facilitate  the  entrance  of  the 
bolt,  it  is  pointed;  the  points  are  not  included  in  the 
tabular  lengths  of  such  bolts. 

F.  Round  head,  chamfered ;  applied  to  wood,  without  a  washer; 

round  under  the  head. 

G.  Round  head,  not  chamfered;  to  be  let  into  wood;   round 

under  the  head. 
H.    Countersunk  head ;  bolt  round  under  the  head. 

Bolts  F.  and  G.  are  called  rivet  bolts,  being  designed  to  pre- 
vent wood  from  splitting;  they  are  applied  only  to  large  timbers, 
in  which  it  is  necessary  to  provide  for  tightening  the  rivets 
when  the  wood  has  shrunk. 

The  depth  of  the  chamfer  on  heads  and  nuts  is  equal  to  its 
width  on  the  face. 

The  slant  depth  of  the  threads  is  equal  to  the  distance  between 
them;  thus  making  a  V  thread,  of  which  the  angle  is  60°. 

Muts  that  are  let  into  wood  are  not  chamfered. 

The  diagonals  of  square  nuts  are  given  in  the  table,  because  it 
is  often  convenient  to  know  in  what  space  a  nut  can  turn. 


4r  PART   2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Washers  for  the  heads  of  bolts  have  square  holes  in  them; 
those  for  nuts  have  round  holes.  These  holes  are  about  0.04 
inch  larger  than  the  bolts. 

The  drawings  and  tables  show  the  forms  and  dimensions  of 
special  bolts,  nuts  and  washers,  which  are  not  included  in  the 
above  table. 

Manner  op  making  bolts,  &c. — Rolled  iron  is  used  fox 
making  nearly  all  bolts,  nuts  and  washers.  The  heads  of 
small  bolts  may  be  made  by  upsetting  the  stem  in  a  suitable 
heading  tool;  those  of  large  bolts  are  made  of  round  iron,  about 
twice  the  diameter  of  the  bolt.  If  the  bolt  is  not  more  than  eight 
inches  long,  the  body  may  be  drawn  down  out  of  the  same  piece 
as  the  head;  if  longer,  the  head  and  about  four  inches  of  the 
body  are  made  in  one  piece,  to  which  round  iron  of  the  proper 
size  is  welded  for  the  remaining  part  of  the  bolt.  The  point 
should  be  annealed;  it  is  swaged  a  little  smaller  than  the  body, 
as  the  metal  is  raised  in  cutting  the  thread. 

Round  heads  are  turned;  square  heads  filed  or  ground. 

In  the  tables  of  bolts  for  carriages,  the  lengths  of  bolts  A,  D,  E, 
F,  having  chamfered  or  rose  heads,  are  exclusive  of  the  thickness 
of  the  heads;  those  of  other  bolts,  B,  C,  G,  H,  which  are  counter- 
sunk or  let  into  wood,  include  the  thickness  of  the  head.  When 
the  head  is  oblique,  the  length  is  measured  in  the  axis  of  the  bolt. 

Bolts  are  milled  to  the  lengths  given  in  the  tables,  the  ends 
being  made  slightly  convex. 

JYuts  should  be  annealed,  after  the  holes  are  punched,  to  facil- 
itate cutting  the  thread;  they  are  finished  with  the  file,  or  better 
with  the  grindstone. 

Washers  are  punched  out  of  flat  iron  of  the  proper  thickness, 
and  chamfered  in  the  lathe. 


RIVETS. 

Rivets.—Pldite  II. 


Nos.    - 


Diameter  of  body 


Diameter  of  head 


Thickness  of  head 


^  C.  D 
C    H 

^  C.  D 
t    H 


BURRS 


'Diameter         -        _        -        _ 
Thickness  -    -        -        -        - 
Exterior  diameter  of  countersink 
Depth  of  countersink 


In. 
0.2 


.75 


.125 

.75 
.125 
.3 
.1 


In. 
0.25 

.75 
.5 


.2 

.2 

.75 
.2 
.45 
.15 


In 
0.375 

1.125 

.7 


.25 
.25 

1.125 
.25 
.6 
.17 


In. 
0.5 

1.5 

.875 


.375 
.3 

1.5 
.375 

.7 
.25 


Remarks. 

The  heads  and  bodies  of  all  rivets  are  round. 

B.  Head  not  chamfered;  to  let  into  wood. 

C.  Countersunk  head;  to  let  into  iron. 

D.  Rose  head;  resting  on  iron. 
H.   Rose  head;  resting  on  wood. 

Rivets  are  best  made,  like  small  bolts,  by  forging  the  heads 
and  stems  out  of  the  same  piece  of  iron.  The  head  is  sometimes 
formed  by  welding  a  ring  of  iron  on  the  end  of  the  round  iron 
which  forms  the  body  of  the  rivet. 

The  lengths  of  rivets,  as  given  in  the  tables,  are  somewhat 
greater  than  the  neat  lengths  required,  as  they  are  cut  oft'  after 
having  been  driven. 


PART   2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Wrought  JYails. — Plate  II. 


Nos.    -    - 

1 

2 

3 

4 

Body ;  diameter  or  thickness     -        -        .        - 

(  Diameter  -        -        - 
Heads  C.  D.  { 

(Thickness         -       -        .       _ 

In. 

.25 

.5 
.2 

In. 
.3 

.6 

.25 

In. 
.375 

.7 

.25 

.875 
.3 

Remarks. 

C.  Denotes  a  square  nail,  with  countersunk  head. 

D.  Round  nail,  with  rose  head. 

The  points  of  these  wrought  nails  are  wedge  shaped,  about 
two  diameters  long. 

Cut  Mails. 


Nos.    -    - 

2d. 

Zd. 

U. 

6d. 

8d. 

lOrf. 

12d. 

20<i. 

Tienjth    -    Inches 
Number  in  1  lb.    - 

1. 

550 

1.25 
450 

1.5 

340 

2 
150 

2.5 

100 

3 

60 

3.5 

40 

4 
25 

Spikes  are  large  nails,  wrought  or  cut;  the  size  is  designated 
by  the  length  in  inches. 

Bellows  nails  and  clout  nails  are  short  wrought  nails,  with 
large  heads,  slightly  convex;  they  are  used  chiefly  for  nailing 
leather,  canvass,  &c.,  on  wood. 

Bellows  nails  1.13  in.  long,  0.1  in.  thick,  with  heads  .75  in.  to 
1  inch  in  diam.,  should  weigh  about  120  to  1  lb. 

Tacks  are  classed  by  the  length  in  inches,  or  by  the  weight  of 
1,000,  in  ounces. 

SprigSj  brads,  finishing  nails,  are  classed  by  the  length  in 
inches. 


SCREWS.  7 

Wood  Screws. 

Wood  screws  are  classed  by  the  length  in  inches,  and  by  the 
No.,  which  indicates  the  size  of  the  wire,  or  body  of  the  screw. 

The  following  table  of  dimensions,  derived  from  measurements 
of  the  screws  made  by  the  New  England  Screw  Company,  at 
Providence,  Rhode  Island,  will  be  found  convenient  for  reference. 


No. 

Diameter 

of 

body. 

HEAD. 

Number 

of 
threads 
to  1  in. 

Remarks. 

Diam- 
eter. 

Thick- 
ness. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

3 

0.10 

0.20 

0.06 

24 

The  length  of  thread  cut  is  two- 

4 

.11 

.22 

.065 

24 

thirds  the  length  of  the  screw. 

5 

.13 

.26 

.075 

20 

6 

.15 

.30 

.08 

20 

7 

.16 

.32 

.085 

18 

8 

.17 

.34 

.09 

14 

9 

.19 

.38 

.095 

131 

10 

.20 

.40 

.10 

13 

11 

.21 

.42 

.11 

12 

12 

.22 

.44 

.12 

11 

13 

.23 

.46 

.13 

11 

14 

.24 

.48 

.14 

10 

15 

.25 

.50 

.15 

10 

16 

.26 

.52 

.16 

9i 

17 

.27 

.54 

.17 

9 

18 

.28 

.56 

.18 

83^ 

20 

.30 

.60 

.20 

8 

2) 

.32 

.64 

.21 

8 

22 

.35 

.70 

.22 

7^ 

24 

.38 

.76 

.24 

7 

26 

1       .40 

.80 

.26 

t        7 

i 
1 

PART   2. — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Chains. — Plate  11. 


No. 

Thickness 
of 

LINKS. 

Proof 
weight. 

Remarks. 

iron. 

Kind. 

Length. 

Width. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

Lbs. 

1 

0.15 

't  { 

1.1 

0.6 

400 

All  chains  are  welded. 

2 

.2 

02    ^ 

1.25 

.75 

800 

3 

.25 

^ 

H 

1.6 

1.1 

1,200 

4 

.25 

2. 

1. 

1,500 

5 
6 

.375 
.5 

j= 

3. 
3. 

1.5 
1.75 

2,500 
5,000 

7 

.625 

*l 

3.4 

2.25 

6,500 

Rings. — Plate  II. 


Thickness 

Exterior 

Designation. 

of 

diameter  of 

wire. 

ring. 

In. 

In. 

(    A. 

0.2 

1.4 

No.  1   I 

I   B. 

.2 

1. 

C   A. 

.25 

1.5 

No.  2  { 

I   B. 

.25 

1.25 

Remarks. 


Welded. 
Coldshut. 

Welded. 
Coldshut. 


These  are  the  rings  most  commonly  used  in  field  and  siege 
carriages,  with  the  chains  Nos.  1,  2,  and  3.  For  other  rings, 
see  the  drawings  and  descriptions  of  the  carriages  to  which  they 
belong. 


WIRE    GAUGE.  9 

/  Eye  Pirn. — Plate  II. 

There  are  three  sizes  of  eye  pins  used  in  field  and  siege  car- 
riages, as  follows: 


Nos.    -    - 

1 

2 

3 

In. 

In. 

In. 

Diameter  of  stem 

0.3 

0.375 

0.5 

Diameter  of  eye 

,25 

.3 

.375 

Sheet  metals  and  Wire. 

The  thickness  of  sheet  copper  is  usually  indicated  by  the 
weight  of  a  square  foot  in  ounces;  but,  for  uniformity  and  con- 
venience, all  sheet  metals  and  metallic  wires  will  be  designated 
by  JVb5.  corresponding  with  the  thickness,  as  indicated  by  the 
ordinary  iron  wire  gauge.  These  gauges  may  not  exactly  agree 
with  each  other,  but  the  following  table  shows  very  nearly  the 
thickness  corresponding  with  the  several  Nos. 


No. 

Thickness. 

No. 

Thickness. 

No. 

Thickness. 

No. 

Thickness. 

In. 

■ 

In. 

In. 

In. 

1 

0.313 

9 

0.161 

17 

0.057 

25 

0.023 

2 

.292 

10 

.143 

18 

.052 

26 

.02 

3 

.271 

11 

.125 

19 

.047 

27 

.018 

4 

.25 

12 

.113 

20 

.042 

28 

.016 

5 

.233 

13 

.1 

21 

.037 

29 

.014 

6 

.216 

14 

.088 

22 

.031 

30 

,012 

7 

.2 

15 

.075 

23 

.028 

8 

.18 

" 

.063 

24 

.025 

2— Part  2, 


10  PART   2.— FTELD    CARRIAGES. 

General  remarks  relative  to  wood  work  of  artillery  carriages. 

In  dressing  the  wood,  when  there  is  no  defect  on  the  heart 
side,  take  off  the  surplus,  as  much  as  possible,  from  the  sap  side. 

In  joining  two  pieces  of  wood  together,  to  form  one  beam,  (^ch 
as  the  stock  of  a  gun  carriage,)  put  the  heart  sides  out,  and  cover 
the  inner  sides  and  the  dowels  with  a  good  coat  of  white  lead. 

If  the  fibre  of  the  wood  is  not  straight,  turn  the  greatest  con- 
vexity upwards,  in  such  pieces  as  gun  carriage  stocks,  tongues 
and  rails  of  chassis,  which  are  supported  chiefly  at  the  ends  ;  in 
pieces  which  are  supported  in  the  middle,  as  the  hounds  of  lim- 
bers, and  the  side  rails  of  caisson  and  other  field  carriages,  turn 
the  convexity  of  the  fibres  downwards. 

For  parts  which  are  worked  in  pairs,  (cheeks,  side  rails,  &c.,) 
use,  for  each  pair,  pieces  of  timber  the  fibres  of  which  have 
nearly  the  same  curvature.  In  the  cheeks  of  all  gun  carriages 
place  the  heart  side  inwards;  in  the  hounds  and  side  rails,  &c., 
turn  the  heart  side  out. 

In  the  stocks  and  cheeks  of  gun  carriages,  turn  the  end  which 
comes  from  the  butt  of  the  tree  towards  the  head  of  the  carriage. 
In  other  pieces,  the  butt  forms  generally  the  larger  end  of  the 
piece,  or  that  which  requires  the  greatest  strength. 

The  tenons  and  other  surfaces  of  wood  which  come  together, 
in  framing  the  work,  should  have  a  coat  of  white  lead ;  and  this 
should  be  applied  also  to  the  inner  surfaces  of  rondelles,  washers, 
and  other  irons  which  are  put  on  before  the  wood  work  is  painted. 

If  the  w^ood  work  is  to  be  painted  immediately,  it  should  have 
a  priming  coat  before  the  irons  are  put  on;  if  not,  it  should  receive 
a  good  coat  of  linseed  oil. 

Bolt  holes  should  be  accurately  bored,  so  as  to  render  unneces- 
sary the  pernicious  practice  of  burning  them  out  with  a  hot  iron, 
to  admit  the  bolts.  The  holes  for  bolts  that  are  square  under  the 
head,  are  squared  with  the  chisel  to  the  requisite  depth. 


GUN   CARRIAGES.  11 

Bolt  holes  and  bolts  should  be  well  greased  with  tallow  soften- 
ed with  neatsfoot  oil,  before  the  bolts  are  put  in  place. 

The  inner  surfaces  of  holes  for  elevating  screws  and  pintles 
should  be  painted. 

In  cutting  out  the  axle  body  of  a  carriage,  to  form  a  bed  for  the 
iron  axletree,  the  depth  of  the  cut  should  always  be  a  little  less 
(from  .05  inch  to  .1  inch)  than  that  of  the  iron,  in  order  that  the 
under  straps  may  bind  the  axletree  into  its  place  and  not  bear  on 
the  wood  alone. 


FIELD  GUN  CARRIAGES.— Plates  III  to  IX. 

There  are  three  gun  carriages  for  the  service  of  field  artillery, 
viz  : 

One  for  the  6-pounder  gun  and  the  12-pounder  howitzer; 

One  for  the  24-pounder  howitzer; 

One  for  the  12-pounder  gun  and  the  32-pounder  howitzer. 

These  carriages  all  consist  of  similar  parts,  differing  only  in 
their  dimensions,  as  shown  in  the  drawings. 

In  the  following  instructions  the  parts  are  enumerated  nearly  in 
the  order  in  which  they  are  put  together. 

The  dimensions  of  bolts,  rivets,  nails,  and  screws,  are  given 
in  tabular  form  at  the  end. 

WOOD  WORK. 

One  stock,  (white  oak.)  The  stock  may  be  made  of  one  or 
two  pieces;  generally  of  two,  put  together  with  dowels. 

In  order  to  allow  of  the  necessary  depression  of  the  piece,  the 
head  of  the  stock  is  hollowed  out,  with  a  radius  equal  to  that  of 
the  howitzer  in  front  of  the  trunnions. 

The  edges  of  the  stock  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .8  inch 
between  the  rondelles  and  the  trail  plate,  and  the  lower  edges  are 


12  PART   2. — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

rounded  in  like  manner,  from  the  rear  of  the  axle  body  to  the 
lunette  plate. 

Two  dowels^  (tough  white  oak,)  for  stocks,  in  two  pieces. 

Two  cheeks y  (white  oak.)  The  cheek  patterns  are  made  to 
include  the  trunnion  plates  on  top,  as  shown  in  the  drawings,  and 
the  wood  is  afterwards  marked  off  by  the  iron  itself,  for  fitting  on 
the  trunnion  plate. 

One  axle  body,  (white  oak.)  To  be  made  of  a  quartered  stick, 
free  from  heart.  The  heart  side  is  turned  towards  the  trail  of  the 
carriage.  The  lower  edges  are  rounded  in  their  whole  length ; 
the  upper  edges  on  the  outside  of  the  cheeks  only.  In  the 
6'pounder  carriage  these  roundings  have  a  radius  of  .6  inch;  in 
the  other  carriages,  .8  inch. 

IRONS, 
Two  trail  handles. 

Two  bolts  and  t'U}o  nuts^  for  trail  handles* 

One  lock  chain  bolt.  It  holds  the  eye  plate  of  the  lock  chain 
and  keeps  the  two  parts  of  the  stock  together* 

One  eye  plate  for  lock  chain.  For  convenience,  this  plate  and 
the  lock  chain  are  not  put  in  place  until  after  the  other  irons;  the 
bolt  being  then  taken  out  for  the  purpose. 

One  lock  chain.  The  chain  is  the  same  for  all  field  carriages, 
except  in  the  number  of  links,  as  shown  in  Plate  III.  The  links 
are  No.  5;  there  are  three  rings  and  one  toggle. 

One  lunette.  The  plate  tapers  regularly  from  near  the  eye  to 
the  point,  and  is  bent  on  a  former  to  the  required  shape.  The 
edges  are  chamfered  .  15  inch. 

The  ring  of  the  lunette,  in  the  half  of  its  circumference  next  to 
the  end,  is  plated  with  steel  on  the  under  side;  the  piece  of  steel, 
which  is  shaped  like  ahorse  shoe,  is  about  .5  in.  thick  in  the 
middle,  tapering  to  .^5  in.  at  the  ends;  it  covers  the  part  of  the 
lunette  which  bears  on  the  pintle  hook,  and  it  extends  up  into  the 
corresponding  part  of  the  eye* 


GUN    CARRIAGES.  13 

One  trail  plate.  Plate  iron  No.  6 ;  chamfered  on  the  upper 
edges  .  15  in.  It  is  fixed  to  the  lunette  by  two  rivets;  the  lunette 
and  trail  plate  are  fastened  to  the  stock  each  by  six  nails,  and  by 
the  pointing  ring  bolts. 

The  trail  of  the  stock  is  rounded  at  the  sides,  down  to  the  width 
of  the  lunette  and  trail  plate. 

One  large  pointing  ring  and  plate.  The  ring  and  plate  are  con- 
nected together  by  a  rivet  passing  through  a  stud  in  the  plate,  on 
which  the  ring  can  turn,  so  as  to  lie  flat  on  the  trail  plate;  the 
heads  are  riveted  cold  and  filed  off  smooth. 

Two  bolts  for  the  large  pointing  ring  plate. 

Two  nuts,  octagonal. 

One  small  pointing  ring.  The  edges  of  both  pointing  rings  are 
slightly  rounded,  and  the  upper  edges  of  the  plates  are  chamfered 
.  15  inch. 

Two  bolts  for  small  pointing  ring.     Two  nuts,  octagonal. 

Two  wheel  guard  plates.  The  edges  chamfered  .  15  in.  Each 
plate  is  fastened  to  the  stock  hy  jive  nails. 

Two  prolonge  hooks.  The  edges  of  the  hooks  are  rounded;  the 
plates  are  chamfered  .  15  inch ;  the  hooks  are  fastened  to  the 
stock,  each  by  four  nails. 

One  stop,  for  rammer  and  sponge.  The  edges  of  the  part  that 
is  nailed  to  the  stock  are  chamfered  .15  inch;  the  other  edges  are 
rounded.  The  stop  is  fastened  to  the  under  side  of  the  stock, 
across  the  middle  line,  by  four  nails. 

One  ear  plate,  for  worm.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  15 
inch;  the  plate  is  fastened  under  the  stock,  on  the  left  of  the 
centre  line,  by  two  nails. 

One  key,  for  ear  plate,  attached  to  the  stock  by  a  chain  and 
eye  pin. 

One  key  chain,  consisting  of  five  links  No.  1,  and  two  rings 
No.  1,  B. 

One  eye  pin,  No.  1,  for  the  key  chain. 


14  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

One  eye  plate,  for  sponge  and  rammer  chains.  The  edges  are 
chamfered  .  15  in. ;  the  plate  is  fastened  under  the  stock  by  two 
screws. 

Two  chains  and  hasps,  for  sponges  and  rammers.  The  chains 
consist  of  flat  links  made  of  hoop  iron  No.  16,  connected  by 
loops  made  of  iron  wire  No.  7;  they  are  attached  to  the  double 
eye  plate;  the  edges  of  the  hasp  are  chamfered  .15  inch. 

Two  stud  plates,  for  the  turnbuckles.  The  edges  are  chamfer- 
ed .15  in.;  the  studs  are  riveted  into  the  plates:  the  plates  are 
fastened  to  the  sides  of  the  stock,  each  by  two  nails. 

Two  turnbuckles,  for  implements.  They  are  made  of  bi-ass,  and 
are  riveted  on  the  studs  of  the  hasp  plates.  Care  must  be  taken 
that  the  turnbuckle  plays  freely  through  the  slot  in  the  hasp,  in 
order  that  the  hasps  may  be  quickly  and  easily  fastened  up  when 
the  implements  are  in  place. 

Two  trunnion  plates.  They  are  forged  straight,  with  a  regular 
taper,  and  are  bent  on  an  iron  former.  After  the  part  in  rear  of  the 
trunnion  holes  is  bent,  all  the  holes  may  be  marked  and  finished, 
except  that  for  the  lower  end  of  the  key  bolt,  which  is  drilled 
after  the  front  part  of  the  plate  is  bent.  The  trunnion  plate  is 
let  into  the  cheek  on  the  upper  side;  for  this  purpose  the  wood 
is  marked  by  the  iron,  for  each  cheek.  It  is  fitted  cold,  but  is 
slightly  warmed  when  about  to  be  fastened  on  the  cheek.  The 
part  of  the  plate  about  the  trunnion  hole  is  left  a  little  thicker  than 
the  finished  dimension  requires;  and  after  the  trunnion  plate  is 
bolted  to  the  cheek  the  cap  square  is  put  on,  and  the  trunnion 
holes  of  both  cheeks  are  reamed  in  a  lathe,  at  the  same  time,  to 
the  proper  size,  either  before  or  after  the  cheeks  are  joined  to  the 
stock.  The  upper  edges  of  the  plate  are  chamfered  .  15  inch,  up 
to  the  junction  with  the  cap  square,  and  the  cheek  is  chamfered 
down  to  the  width  of  the  trunnion  plate. 

The  trunnion  plates  are  fastened  each  by  five  bolts,  and  by  the 
nails  mentioned  in  the  Tables. 


GUN  carrIa<;es.  15 

Two  chin  bolts,  i      The  edges  of  the  heads  above  the  cap  square 

Two  key  bolts.    )  are  chamfered  .1  inch. 

Six  cheek  bolts. 

Two  bevel  washers,  for  chin  bolts. 

Four  washers,  for  cheek  bolts. 

Ten  nuts,  for  chin,  key,  and  cheek  bolts. 

Two  cap  squares.     The  upper  edges  are  chamfered  .  15  inch. 

Two  eye  pins,  No.  1,  riveted  into  the  cap  squares;  the  riveting 
is  countersunk  .  15  inch,  and  filed  smooth. 

Two  cap  square  chains;  each  consisting  of  jive  links  No.  2,  and 
two  rings  No.  2,  B 

Two  eye  pins.  No.  2,  for  cap  square  chains;  screwed  into  the 
outside  of  the  cheeks. 

Two  cap  square  keys. 

Two  key  chains;  each  of  five  links  No.  1,  and  two  rings  No.  1,  B. 

Two  eye  pins.  No.  1,  for  key  chains;  screwed  into  the  outside 
of  the  cheeks. 

Two  D  rings,  for  handspikes;  fastened  near  the  head  of  the 
cheeks,  each  by  two  staples,  with  eyes  in  which  the  ring  turns ; 
the  staples  are  driven  through  the  cheeks  and  clinched  on  the 
inside. 

One  linstock  socket.  Sheet  iron  No.  10;  edges  chamfered  .15 
inch;  it  is  fastened  outside  of  the  right  cheek  by  six  nails. 

Six  rondelles,  (cast  iron.)  They  are  placed  between  the 
cheeks  and  the  stock,  and  the  assembling  bolts  pass  through 
them;  the  two  in  rear  have  tenons  which  are  let  into  the  wood. 
They  should  be  faced  in  the  lathe,  to  the  exact  thickness  required. 

Three  assembling  bolts,  for  the  cheeks  and  stock. 

One  washer  hook,  for  lock  chain;  placed  under  the  head  of  the 
middling  assembling  bolt,  on  the  right  cheek. 

Two  washer  hooks,  for  handspikes ;  held  by  the  rear  assembling 
bolt,  on  the  outside  of  each  cheek. 


16  PART   2. — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Three  washers  and  three  nuts,  for  assembling  bolts;  the  nut  for 
the  rear  bolt  is  octagonal. 

One  axletree.  The  axletree  for  the  6-pounder  carriage  is  forged 
in  two  equal  parts  which  are  welded  together;  that  for  the  24- 
pounder  howitzer  and  for  the  12-pounder  gun  carriage,  being  of 
the  same  size  in  the  whole  length  of  the  body,  is  forged  in  one 
piece.  The  stop  in  the  centre  is  dovetailed  into  the  body.  The 
edges  of  the  under  side  of  the  body  are  rounded  about .  1  inch. 

Two  under  straps.  The  edges  of  the  under  side  are  chamfered 
.  15  inch.  The  front  ends  of  the  straps  are  turned  over,  to  form 
rings  for  holding  the  implement  hooks ;  the  strap  on  the  right 
cheek  carries  the  single  hook  for  a  sponge,  on  the  outside  of  the 
cheek;  that  on  the  left  cheek  carries  the  sponge  hook  and  the 
ring  for  the  handle  of  the  worm,  the  hook  being  on  the  outside. 

One  axle  strap.  The  bottom  edges  are  chamfered  .  15  in. ;  those 
of  the  eye  for  the  sponge  bucket  are  rounded. 

Three  bolts,  for  the  axle  strap.  The  heads  are  let  in  flush  with 
the  stock  on  top.  In  the  6-pounder  carriage,  the  front  bolt,  being 
oblique  to  the  bottom  of  the  stock,  has  a  bevel  washer  under  the  nut. 

Three  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  axle  bands,  for  the  ends  of  the  wooden  body.  The  square 
edge  is  turned  towards  the  shoulder  washer.  The  bands  are  made 
a  little  smaller  than  the  axle  body,  and  shrunk  on  at  a  low  heat ; 
they  are  fastened  each  with  three  nails. 

One  box  for  elevating  screw,  (cast  brass.)  The  metal  is  com- 
posed of  thirty  parts  of  copper,  six  of  zinc,  and  one  of  tin.  The 
upper  edges  are  chamfered  .15  inch;  the  plate  of  the  box  lies  on 
the  stock,  the  part  which  projects  below  being  let  into  the  wood. 

Two  bolts,  for  elevating  screw  box. 

Two  washers  and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

One  elevating  screw.  The  handles  are  forged  in  one  piece;  the 
centre  part  is  bored  out  to  form  a  collar  for  the  upper  end  of  the 
screw;  the  hole  for  this  purpose  is  countersunk  .2  inch  at  top. 


GUN    CARRIAGES.  17 

To  prevent  the  handles  from  turning  on  the  screw,  a  pin  .2  inch 
thick  is  driven  into  a  hole  bored  at  the  junction  of  the  collar  with 
the  head  of  the  screw;  or  three  notches  may  be  cut  in  the  edge  of 
the  collar,  for  the  same  purpose.  The  head  is  then  riveted  into  the 
countersink  of  the  collar,  (and  also  into  the  notches,)  and  turned 
off  smooth. 

Two  shoulder  washers,  for  the  axletree.  They  are  heated  near- 
ly red,  and  shrunk  on. 

Two  linch  washers. 

Tvjo  linchpins. 

Two  wheels.  No.  1,  for  the  6-pounder  carriage;  No.  2,  for  the 
24-pounder  howitzer  and  the  12-pounder  gun  carriages. 


3— Part  2. 


18 


PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 


Table   of   bolts,    rivets,    nails    and   screws,   for   6-pounder  gun 
carriage. 


u 

^ 

J3 

WASHERS. 

DESIGNATION. 

3 

Kind. 

c 

REMARKS, 

Head 

Nut. 

Bolts. 

In. 

For  lock  chain  plate      - 

No.  4.  A. 

7.95 

_ 

1 

"    assembling     the     S 
cheeks  &  stock    ) 

do. 

do. 

No.  5.  A. 

16.35 

16.4 

16.7 

1 

1 
1 

Nut  octagonal. 

•'    trail  handles  -    -  j 

No.  3.  A. 
do. 

7.18 
7.33 

- 

- 

f  chin  bolts 

2 

No.  4. 

14.6 

_ 

2 

I  Plate  VI. 

"    trunnion  ]^^y^«^^^ 
P^«^"^-   1  cheeks    } 

2 
2 

do. 
No.  4.  A. 

11.45 
13.25 

- 

2 

do. 

10.3 

_ 

2 

2 

do. 

8.85 

_ 

2 

*•    axle  strap  -    -    -  ) 

1 
2 

No.  4.  B. 
do. 

6.75 
9.00 

- 

1 

Bevel  washer;   nut 

octagonal. 

"    large  pointing  ring 
»*    small          ditto-    - 

2 
2 

N0.3.H. 
do. 

5.65 
7.2 

- 

- 

i  Nuts  octagonal. 

"    box  for   elevating 
screw    -    -    - 

1 

No.a.C. 

9.5 

- 

1 

1 

do. 

9.55 

" 

1 

Rivets. 

For  lunette  and  trail  plate 

2 

N0.3.B. 

2.0 

Heads  chamfered. 

Mils. 

For  trunnion  plates       < 

12 

8 

N0.2.D. 
N0.2.C. 

4.0 
3.0 

"    lunette      -    -    -    - 

6 

do. 

3.5 

'    trail  plate  -    -    _    - 

6 

do. 

3.5 

"    wheel  guard  plate  - 

10 

do. 

3.0 

'*    prolonge  hooks  -    - 

8 

do. 

2.5 

"    ear  plate  for  worm  - 

2 

do. 

2.5 

'    turnbuckle  plates    - 

4 

do. 

3.0 

'    axle  bands     -    -    - 

6 

No.  1.  C. 

.75 

'    sponge«ferammerstop 

4 

do. 

2.0 

"    linstock  socket  -    - 

6 

do. 

2.0 

Screws. 

For  eye  plate  of  sponge 

and  rammer  chain 

2 

No.  20 

3.0 

r.UN    CARRIAGES. 


19 


Table  of  bolts,  rivets,  nails  and  screws,  for  ^i-poundcr  howitzer 
and  Vl-pounder  gun  carriages. 


1 

Kind. 

LENGTHS. 

WASHERS. 

DESIGNATION. 

24pdr. 
jhow'zei 

12-pdr. 
gun. 

Head 

Nut. 

REMARKS. 

Bolts. 

In. 

In. 

For  lock  chain  plate  -    - 

No.  3.  A. 

10.0 

10.5 

_ 

1 

*'    assembling     the     S 
cheeks  and  stock  ) 

do. 
do. 
do. 

19.25 

19.3 

19.35 

20.05 

20.1 

20.15 

1 

1 
1 

Nut  octagonal 

*'■    trail  handles  -    -     j 

No.  3.  A. 

do. 

7.8 
8.3 

8.2 

8.7 

— 

— 

chin  bolts 

2 

No.  5. 

17.15 

17.5 

_ 

2 

1  Plate  IX. 

*■*    trunnion 
plates. ' 

key  bolts 

2 
2 

do. 
No.  5.  A. 

13.75 
15.5 

14.25 
16.1 

- 

- 

cheeks   \ 

2 

do. 

12.4 

12.6 

_ 

2 

I 

2 

do. 

10.25 

11.25 

_ 

2 

*'    axle  strap      -    -     } 

1 

2 

N0.4.B, 
do. 

6.45 
9.35 

6.5 
9.90 

- 

- 

Nut  octagonal 

*'■    large  pointing  ring 
small             do. 

2 

No.S.H. 

5.7 

6.6 

_ 

)  Nuts   octa- 
^     gonal. 

2 

do. 

7.7 

8.3 

- 

*'    box    of   elevating  \ 
screw  -    -    - 

1 

No.  3.  C. 

10.45 

11.25 

_ 

1 

1 

do. 

10.5 

11.3 

- 

1 

Rivets. 

For  lunette  and  trail  plate 

2 

N0.3.B. 

2.0 

2.0 

Heads  chamfered. 

J^ails. 

f 

12 

N0.2.D. 

4.0 

_ 

For  trunnion  plates  -  \ 

8 
16 

No.  2.  C. 
N0.2.D. 

3.0 

4.0 

12 

N0.2.C. 

_ 

3.0 

"-    lunette       -    -    .     - 

6 

do. 

3.5 

3.5 

"    trail  plate  -    -    -    - 

6 

do. 

3.5 

3.5 

**    wheel  guard  plate  - 

10 

do. 

3.0 

3.0 

*'    turnbuckle  plates    - 

4 

do. 

3.0 

3.0 

"    prolonge  hooks  -    - 

8 

do. 

2.5 

2.5 

"    ear  plate  for  worm 

2 

do. 

2.5 

2.5 

*'    axle  bands     -    -    - 

6 

No.  1.  C. 

.75 

.75 

"    sponge&rammerstop 

4 

do. 

2.0 

2.0 

' 

*'    Unstock  socket  -    - 

6 

do. 

2.0 

2.0 

i 

Screws. 

1 

1 

1 

■ 

! 

For  eye  plate  of  sponge 

1 

and  rammer  chain 

2     No.  20 

3.0 

3.0 

20  PART   2. — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

WHEELS.— Plate  X. 

There  are  two  Nos.  of  wheels  for  field  carriages.  No.  1  is  used 
for  the  Q-poundei-  gun  carriage,  the  caisson,  the  forge,  the  battery 
wagon,  and  for  the  limbers  of  all  field  carriages. 

No.  2,  for  the  ^i-pounder  howitzer  and  the  Vl-pounder  gun  car- 
riages, only. 

These  wheels  are  both  of  the  same  kind  and  height,  and  they 
are  fitted  to  the  same  axle  tree  arm;  they  differ  only  in  the  dimen- 
sions of  some  of  their  parts,  and  consequently  in  their  strength 
and  weight. 

WOOD. 

One  nave,  (oak  or  walnut.)  After  the  nave  is  turned,  two 
stay  bands  are  put  on,  for  driving  the  spokes. 

Fourteen  spokes,  (tough  young  oak.)  The  heart  side  of  the 
wood  is  made  the  back  of  the  spoke.  The  body  of  the  spoke  has 
an  oval  shape,  which  facilitates  turning  it  by  machinery.  The 
tenon  in  the  felly  is  round;  it  is  shorter  than  the  depth  of  the  felly, 
in  order  that  the  latter  may  always  bear  on  the  shoulder  of  the 
spoke. 

Seven  fellies,  (oak.)  The  inner  edges  are  rounded  with  a  ra- 
dius of  .4  inch. 

Seven  dowels,  (oak.) 

IRONS. 

Two  brow  bands.  ">      The  inner  edges  on  the  side  next  to  the 

Two  end  bands.  J  spokes  are  slightly  chamfered,  to  facilitate 
the  driving;  the  bands  are  warmed,  and  driven  on,  in  place  of  the 
stay  bands,  after  the  tire  has  been  put  on;  each  band  is  fastened 
by  three  nails. 

One  tire.  Hoop  tire,  heated  and  shrunk  on;  the  bolt  holes  are 
then  bored  and  countersunk. 

Seven  tire  bolts,  seven  washei'S,  and  seven  nuts.  The  bolts  should 
be  a  little  larger  than  the  holes  in  the  fellies. 


LIMBER. 


21 


One  nave  box,  (cast  iron.)  The  castings  should  be  of  even 
thickness,  so  that  the  box  may  be  easily  set  concentric  with  the 
circumference  of  the  wheel.  The  box  is  driven  in  hard,  and 
fastened,  if  necessary,  with  wooden  wedges  in  the  large  end  of 
the  nave. 

Bolts  and  nails  for  one  wheel. 


DESIGNATION. 

1 

Kind. 

LENGTH. 

Washers 

for 

Nuts. 

No.  1. 

No.  2. 

Tire  bolts 

Nails  for  nave  bands  -    -    - 

7 
12 

No.  2.  H. 
No.  1.  C. 

In. 
4.35 
1.5 

In. 
4.75 
1.5 

7 

LIMBER.— Plates  XI  and  XII. 

The  same  limber  is  used  for  all  the  field  carriages,  viz:   the 
gun  carriages,  the  caisson,  the  forge,  and  the  battery  wagon. 


WOOD   WORK. 

One  axle  body,  (white  oak.)  The  lower  edges  are  rounded 
with  a  radius  of  .6  inch,  except  the  part  under  the  pintle  hook; 
the  upper  edges,  outside  of  the  hounds,  are  rounded  .4  inch. 

Two  hounds,  (white  oak.)  The  upper  edges  are  rounded  with  a 
radius  of  .4  in.,  to  the  distance  of  17. 15  inches  from  the  front  end ; 
also,  3.5  inches  in  rear  of  the  rear  foot  board,  and  from  the  ammu- 
nition chest  stay  to  the  rear  end.  The  lower  edges  are  rounded 
with  the  same  radius,  from  the  splinter  bar  to  the  under  strap, 
and  from  the  rear  end  to  the  under  strap;  the  ends  are  chamfered 
.4  inch. 


22  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

One  fork,  (white  oak.)  The  upper  edges  are  rounded,  on  the 
outer  sides,  like  those  of  the  front  part  of  the  hounds ;  the  lower 
edges  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .4  inch,  between  the  splinter 
bar  and  the  axle  body. 

One  splinter  bar,  (white  oak.)  The  front  of  the  splinter  bar 
is  straight.  The  ends,  outside  of  the  hounds,  taper  equally  on  the 
upper  and  under  sides;  they  are  rounded  to  an  oval  shape.  The 
upper  edges  are  rounded  .4  inch,  between  the  hounds  and  fork; 
the  lower  edges  are  chamfered  .4  inch  between  the  outsides  of  the 
hounds,  where  the  roundings  of  the  ends  begin. 

The  top  of  the  splinter  bar  is  notched  square  into  the  bottom  of 
the  fork,  .25  inch  being  cut  out  of  each  piece.  Between  the 
branches  of  the  fork,  the  splinter  bar  is  notched  .5  inch  deep, 
(.25  inch  deeper  than  the  notches  for  the  fork,)  in  order  to  admit 
the  pole.  The  hounds  rest  on  the  splinter  bar,  the  top  of  which 
is  notched  .  1  inch  on  the  rear  side,  to  fit  the  slope  of  the  under 
side  of  the  hounds. 

Four  foot  board  brackets,  (white  oak.)  Wood  not  easy  to  split 
is  selected  for  them;  their  front  edges  are  chamfered  .25  inch. 
They  are  fastened  to  the  hounds  and  fork,  each  by  two  wood  screws, 
the  heads  of  which  are  sunk  into  the  wood. 

Two  foot  boards,  (white  oak.)  The  upper  edges,  the  sides 
and  ends  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .2  inch;  the  front  foot 
board  is  fastened  by  three  nails  in  each  bracket;  the  rear  foot  board 
by  eight  nails.  The  foot  boards  are  nailed  on  after  the  splinter 
bar,  the  under  straps  and  the  pintle  hook  are  in  place. 

One  pole,  (tough  white  ash,  or  young  oak.)  The  top  of  the 
pole  is  straight  in  its  whole  length,  the  taper  in  depth  being  on 
the  under  side  alone. — See  Plate  XI. 

One  pole  prop,  (tough  white  oak.)  It  is  turned  in  the  lathe, 
to  fit  the  socket  and  ferrule. 


LIMBER.  23 

IRONS. 

Four  rivets,  for  hounds.  One  at  each  end  of  the  hound ;  the 
heads  and  burrs  let  into  the  wood. 

Four  washer  plates,  for  stay  pins  of  ammunition  chest.  They 
are  let  into  the  upper  and  under  sides  of  the  hounds,  at  the  holes 
for  the  stay  pins,  and  are  fastened,  each  by  two  nails. 

One  axletree.  The  lower  edges  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of 
.  1  inch.  The  axletree  is  forged  in  two  unequal  parts,  on  the  longer 
of  which  the  stop  is  jumped  on  and  welded,  before  the  two  parts 
are  joined ;  or,  it  may  be  made  in  three  parts,  the  middle  piece 
being  forged  with  the  stop  on  it  and  then  welded  to  the  arms, 
which  may  be  turned  either  before  or  after  the  parts  are  joined 
together. 

One  pintle  hook.  The  outer  edges  of  the  plate  are  chamfered 
.2  inch;  the  hook  is  fastened  to  the  rear  of  the  axle  body  by  three 
bolts,  two  of  which  pass  through  the  holes  in  the  stop  on  the  iron 
axletr*;  the  top  of  the  plate  is  let  in  flush  with  the  upper  surface 
of  the  axle  body.  The  inside  of  the  cylindrical  part  of  the  hook 
is  plated  with  steel,  by  welding  a  wedge  shaped  piece  of  steel 
into  a  slit  in  the  iron  and  spreading  it  over  the  inner  surface  of 
the  hook.  • 

Three  bolts,  for  pintle  hook. 

One  stay  plate,  for  ammunition  chest.  The  outer  edges  are 
chamfered  .  15  inch.  The  plate  is  inserted  between  the  branches  of 
the  fork;  the  foot,  which  is  bent  square  to  the  plate,  is  fastened  on 
the  under  side  of  the  fork  with  two  nails,  and  the  plate  is  held  also 
by  the  upper  bolt  of  the  pintle  hook,  to  which  it  serves  as  a  washer. 
The  upper  edges  of  the  mortise  in  the  plate  are  rounded  .  1  inch. 

Two  washers  and  three  nuts,  for  pintle  hook  bolts. 

One  pintle  key,  attached  to  the  rear  of  the  axle  body  by  a  chain 
and  eye  pin. 

One  key  chain,  composed  of  eight  links.  No.  3,  and  two  rings. 
No.  2.  A. 


24  PART   2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

One  eye  pin,  No.  3,  for  key  chain. 

One  tar  bucket  hook.  The  edges  of  the  plate  are  chamfered  .  1 
inch;  it  is  fastened  to  the  front  of  the  axle  body  by  two  nails. 

Two  bolts,  for  connecting  the  axle  body  and  hounds. 

Two  washers  and  two  nuts,  for  the  same.  The  nuts  are  let  into 
the  axle  body  from  the  top. 

Two  under  straps.     The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  15  inch. 

Four  bolts,  for  under  straps ;  four  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  axle  bands.  They  are  shrunk  on  the  ends  of  the  axle  body 
at  a  low  heat,  not  sufficient  to  burn  the  wood,  and  they  are  fast- 
ened, each  by  three  nails. 

Two  end  bands,  for  splinter  bar.  They  are  put  on  warm,  and 
are  fastened  to  the  splinter  bar,  each  by  two  rivets  made  of  .25 
inch  wire  riveted  at  both  ends. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  hounds  and  splinter  bar. 

Four  washers  and  two  nuts,  for  the  same. 

One  eye  plate  for  pole  prop  socket.  The  eye  is  riveted^to  the 
plate,  in  a  square  hole  countersunk  .  15  inch  on  the  upper  side. 
The  plate  is  let  into  the  lower  side  of  the  splinter  bar  its  whole 
thickness. 

Two  middle  bands,  for  splinter  bar.  'The  bottom  plate  is  cham- 
fered .  15  inch.  The  top  plate  is  let  into  the  under  side  of  the  fork, 
flush  with  the  lower  surface  of  the  notch  which  rests  on  the  splin- 
ter bar. 

Four  trace  hooks.  Two  in  the  end  bands  and  two  in  the  mid- 
dle bands. 

On^  f&rk  strap.     The  edges  are  chamfered  .15  inch. 

Two  bolts,  for  splinter  bar  and  fork.  They  pass  through  the 
fork  strap,  the  middle  bands,  and  the  eye  plate  for  the  pole  prop. 

Two  nuts,  for  these  bolts. 

One  pole  prop  socket.  After  the  exterior  of  the  socket  is  turn- 
ed, the  ring  is  closed  in  the  eye  plate.  The  upper  end  of  the  prop 
is  then  driven  hard  into  the  socket,  and  fastened  by  one  rivet. 


LIMBER.  25 

One  ferrule^  for  pole  prop;  fastened  to  the  prop  by  one  rivet. 

One  pole  prop  chain^  consisting  of  one  ring,  No.  1,  A;  ten  links  ^ 
No.  2,  and  one  straight  link,  of  the  same  size  as  No.  2,  welded 
into  the  eye  of  the  toggle. 

One  toggle,  for  pole  prop  chain. 

One  eye  pin,  for  pole  prop  chain.  The  eye  pin  is  like  No.  1, 
but  the  stem  has  no  screw  thread  cut  on  it;  it  is  made  long  enough 
to  pass  through  the  splinter  bar,  and  is  riveted  into  a  burr  let  into 
the  upper  side  of  the  bar. 

Two  stay  pins,  for  ammunition  chest.  The  edges  of  the  head 
are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  The  drawing  in  Plate  III.  gives  the  lengths 
of  the  stay  pins  for  the  limber  and  for  the  caisson;  the  position  of 
the  hole  for  the  key  is  determined  by  the  thickness  of  the  hound 
or  rail,  so  that  the  hole  may  just  clear  the  under  side  of  the  wood, 
when  the  ammunition  chest  is  in  place. 

Two  keys,  for  stay  pins  of  ammunition  chest. 

Two  key  chains,  each  consisting  of  jive  links,  No.  1,  and  two 
rings,  No.  1,  B. 

Two  eye  pins.  No.  1,  screwed  into  the  under  side  of  the  hounds. 

One  rivet,  for  the  large  end  of  the  pole.  The  head  is  let  into 
the  upper  side  of  the  pole,  and  the  burr  into  the  under  side,  at 
3.5  inches  from  the  end. 

One  pole  bolt;  two  washers  and  one  nut,  for  the  same.  The  bolt 
passes  through  the  fork  and  the  pole,  at  11  inches  from  the  front 
end  of  the  fork. 

One  pole  strap  and  ring.  The  strap  is  fastened  on  the  front 
end  of  the  pole  by  three  rivets. 

Two  pole  chains.  Each  consists  of  nine  links.  No.  5,  and  is 
connected  with  the  ring  of  the  pole  strap  by  an  open  (lapped) 
ring. 

One  muff,  for  pole  yoke.     The  muff  is  formed  on  a  mandril  of 
the  size  of  the  pole  at  the  part  which  it  is  to  fit;  a  ring  is  welded 
on  it,  to  form  the  shoulder,  and  the  whole  is  finished  in  the  lathe. 
4— Part  2. 


S6  PART   2. — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

One  collar,  for  pole  yoke.  It  is  composed  of  two  parts  which 
are  connected  together  by  the  two  bolts  that  hold  the  supporting 
branches  of  the  pole  yoke;  the  holes  in  the  lower  half  collar  are 
tapped,  and  the  bolts  are  screwed  into  them;  the  edges  of  the  cir- 
cular part  are  chamfered  .  15  inch,  and  those  of  the  straight  parts 
are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .  1  inch. 

Two  branches,  of  pole  yoke.  Each  branch  is  forged  in  two 
parts  which  are  welded  together  near  the  collar;  the  sliding  ring 
is  then  put  in  place,  and  the  button  is  welded  on  the  small  end. 

Two  sliding  rings,  for  pole  yoke. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  collar  and  branches.  They  have  hexagonal 
heads  and  are  without  nuts,  being  screwed  into  the  lower  branch 
of  the  collar. 

One  washer^  for  the  muff.  It  fits  on  the  muff,  against  the  front 
side  of  the  collar;  the  front  edge  of  the  washer  is  chamfered  .12 
inch. 

One  key,  for  pole  yoke.  It  passes  through  the  muff  and  the 
pole,  in  front  of  the  washer;  the  key  has  a  hole  at  the  lower  end 
for  a  leather  keeper. 

Two  shoulder  washers. 

Two  linch  washers. 

Two  linch  pins. 

Two  wheels.     No.  1. 

One  ammunition  chest. 


LIMBER. 


27 


Table  of  holts,  rivets,  nails  and  screws,  in  the  limber  of  field 

carriages. 


DESIGNATION. 

1 

Kind. 

4 

WASHERS. 

REMARKS. 

Head 

Nut. 

Bolts. 

For  hounds  and  axle  body 
"    under  straps     -    -    - 

'"    pintle  hook       "    ~     ) 
"    hounds  &  splinter  bar 
"    fork  and  splinter  bar 
"    pole  and  fork   -    -    - 
"    pole  yoke    -    -    -    - 

2 
4 
2 
1 
2 
2 
1 
2 

N0.3.E. 
No.  3.  B. 
No.  4.  C. 

do. 
N0.3.D. 

do. 

do. 
No.  3. 

In. 

8.25 
4.56 
6.9 
12.7 
6.13 
6.5 
9.13 
1.75 

2 

1 

2 
2 
2 
1 

Nuts  not  chamfer- 
ed. 

Head  hexagonal; 
no  nut. 

Rivets. 

For  hounds  -    -    -    -    - 
"    pole 

"    pole  strap    -    -    -    - 

"    end  bands  of  splinter 

bar 

"    pole  prop  socket  -    - 
"    pole  prop  ferrule  -    - 

4 
1 
3 

4 

1 
1 

No.  2.  B. 
No.  3.  B. 

No.  2. 

do. 
do. 
do. 

2.75 

3.5 

2.5 

2.5 

1.75 

2.13 

- 

4 
1 

1      Wires  riveted 
j  at  both  ends. 

Xails. 

For  stay  plate    -    -    -    - 
•'    tar  bucket  hook    -    - 
"    stay  pin  plates     -    - 
"    axle  bands        -    -    - 

"  foot  boards  -    -    -    ) 

2 
2 
8 
6 
4 
4 
12 

N0.2.C. 
No.  1.  C. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

2.0 
2.5 
.75 
.75 
4.25 
3.5 
2.25 

Screws. 
For  foot  board  brackets    J 

4 
4 

No.  16. 
No.  14. 

2.0 
1.25 

28  PART    2. — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

AMMUNITION  CHEST.— Plates  XIII  and  XIV. 
WOOD   WORK. 

Two  ends.   ">      (Black  walnut,  cherry,  or  beach.)     Each 

Two  sides.  }m  one  piece.  The  ends  and  sides  are  dovetailed 
together  and  fastened  with  sixteen  cut  nails.  There  is  a  rabbet 
at  the  top  to  receive  the  edges  of  the  cover  lining,  and  another  at 
the  bottom.  The  upright  corners  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .5 
inch. 

One  principal  partiiiony  (walnut  or  oak.)  It  is  let  into  grooves 
in  the  middle  of  the  sides,  and  it  is  traversed  by  the  assembling 
bolt. 

One  bottom,  (walnut  or  oak.)  The  bottom  may  be  in  one  or 
two  pieces;  if  in  two,  they  should  be  joined  together,  nearly  in 
the  middle  of  the  width,  with  a  tongue  and  groove  and  strongly 
glued.  The  bottom  is  let  in,  its  whole  thickness,  into  the  sides 
and  ends,  and  fastened  to  them  with  eighteen  cut  nails;  it  is  also 
fastened  to  the  principal  partition  hy  four  wood  screws. 

One  frame  for  cover,  (walnut,)  consisting  of  two  ends  and  two 
sides,  joined  by  tenons  and  mortises  and  fastened  at  each  corner 
by  a  wooden  pin  .25  inch  thick. 

One  panel  for  cover,  (poplar  or  white  pine.)  It  is  joined 
by  tongue  and  groove  to  the  cover  frame;  the  tongue  on  the  end 
is  worked  out  of  the  thickness  of  the  panel;  that  on  the  side  is 
formed  of  a  piece  of  hard  wood  let  into  grooves  in  both  the  panel 
and  frame. 

One  cover  lining,  (poplar  or  white  pine.)  It  is  fastened  on 
the  inside  of  the  cover  by  sixty  copper  tacks. 


AMMUNITION   CHEST.  29 

IRONS. 

Seven  corner  plates,  viz:  four  for  the  ends  and  sides,  two  for 
the  ends  and  bottom,  and  one  for  the  front  side  and  bottom.  They 
are  made  of  sheet  iron  No.  12  or  13;  the  parts  which  go  under  the 
bottom  are  let  into  the  wood  their  whole  thickness;  the  edges  of 
the  other  parts  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  The  plates  are  fastened 
with  eighty-six  wood  screws. 

One  assembling  bolt.  It  passes  through  the  principal  partition 
and  through  the  back  stay;  its  front  end  holds  the  turnbuckle  for 
fastening  the  hasp. 

One  turnbuckle,  (brass.)  It  turns  freely  on  the  neck  of  the 
assembling  bolt,  the  head  of  which  is  riveted  over  the  turnbuckle. 

One  washer  plate,  for  assembling  bolt.  It  is  let  into  the  front 
side  of  the  box  and  fastened  by  two  wood  screws. 

One  back  stay.  The  edges  of  the  upright  part  are  chamfered 
.  1  inch.  The  foot  is  let  in  flush  with  the  bottom  of  the  chest. 
The  stay  is  fastened  to  the  back  of  the  chest  by  the  assembling 
bolt  and  four  wood  screws,  and  to  the  bottom,  by  two  wood  screws. 

Two  front  stays.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  The 
feet  are  let  in  flush  with  the  bottom  of  the  chest.  Each  stay  is 
fastened  by  two  rivets  and  three  wood  screws  in  the  front  of  the 
chest,  and  one  wood  screw  in  the  bottom. 

Two  hinges.  The  outer  edges  of  the  back  strap  are  chamfered 
.  1  inch;  the  foot  of  it  is  let  into  the  bottom  of  the  chest.  The 
cover  strap  is  let  in,  its  whole  thickness,  at  the  front  end  and  .35 
inch  at  the  joint;  the  cover  lining  is  cut  out  to  fit  it.  A  notch 
.15  inch  deep  is  cut  in  the  back  of  the  chest  for  the  hinge  to  lie 
in.  The  hinges  are  fastened  to  the  chest,  each  by  one  rivet  and 
four  wood  screws  in  the  back,  one  wood  screw  in  the  bottom,  and 
one  rivet  2,116.  five  wood  screws  in  the  cover. 

Two  hinge  plates,  fastened  on  the  back  edge  of  the  cover,  each 
by  two  wood  screws. 


30  PART   2.— FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

One  hasp.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .1  inch.  The  strap 
is  let  into  the  cover  of  the  chest  Uke  the  hinge  straps,  and  is  fast- 
ened by  one  rivet  amd  Jive  wood  screws. 

One  hasp  plate,  fastened  to  the  front  edge  of  the  cover  by  two 
wood  screws. 

Two  handles.  The  outer  edges  of  the  flat  parts  are  chamfered 
.  1  inch.   The  handles  are  fastened  to  the  chest  each  by  two  rivets. 

The  heads  of  all  the  rivets  in  the  body  of  the  chest  are  let  into 
the  wood  on  the  inside,  and  they  are  covered  by  round  washei's 
1.75  inch  diameter,  made  of  sheet  copper  No.  24,  which  are  let 
into  the  wood  over  the  rivet  heads  and  fastened  each  by  four 
copper  tacks. 

One  c&ver,  (sheet  copper,  No.  24,)  fastened  to  the  edges  of 
the  wooden  cover  by  two  hundred  and  sixteen  copper  tacks. 

JS'ote.  The  foregoing  description  refers  especially  to  the  ammu- 
nition chest  for  gun  carriages  and  for  the  caisson.  The  chests 
for  the  limbers  of  the  forge  and  battery  wagon  diiFer  from  this  in 
some  few  particulars  which  will  be  mentioned  in  the  descriptions 
of  those  carriages. 

For  an  account  of  the  interior  arrangement  of  the  chests  for  the 
various  carriages,  see  Part  12. 


AMMUNITION   CHEST.  31 

Table  of  bolts,  rivets,  nails  and  screws,  in  one  ammunition  chest. 


DESIGNATION. 

1 

Kind. 

REMARKS. 

For  assembling  bolt     -    - 

1 

No.  2. 

In. 
20.75 

See  Plate  XIV. 

Rivets. 

For  front  stays  -    -    -    - 
"    hinges     -    -    -    -    - 

"    hasp       

"    handles 

4 

\ 

8 

N0.2.B. 

do. 

do. 
No.  3.  B. 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

J^ails. 

For  sides  and  bottom  -    - 
"    cover  lining      -    -    - 
"    copper  covering    -    - 
"    rivet  washers  -    -    - 

34 

60 

216 

60 

8d. 

1.0 
.75 
.75 

Cut  nails. 

>  Copper  tacks. 

Screws. 

For  corner  plates     -    -    - 
*'    side  and  bottom  plate 
"    end  and  bottom  plates 
"    washer  plate  for  bolt 

"    hasp  

"    hasp  plate    -    -    -    - 
"    hinge*  plates     -    -    - 

"   hinges     -    -    -    -    j 

"    back  stay     -    -    -    - 
"    front  stays      -    -     j 
*♦    bottom  and  partition 

56 

14 

16 

2 

5 

2 

4 

2 

8 

10 

6 

6 

2 

4 

No.  12. 

do. 

do. 

do. 
No.  14. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 
No.  16. 

.75 
.75 
.75 
.75 

1.0 

1.0 

1.0 
.75 

1.0 

1.25 

1.25 

1.0 
.75 

2.0 

3^  PART   2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

CAISSON.— Plates  XV  and  XVI. 

WOOD  WORK. 

All  the  parts  are  of  white  oak.  Tough  young  wood  should  be 
selected,  especially  for  the  middle  and  side  rails  and  for  the  stock. 

One  middle  rail.  The  front  end  has  a  tenon  on  the  upper  side 
which  is  inserted  in  a  notch  in  the  bolster  of  the  front  foot  board. 
The  edges  of  the  rear  end  and  the  upper  edges  of  the  rail  are 
rounded  with  a  radius  of  .2  inch,  up  to  the  rear  foot  board.  The 
lower  edges  of  the  rail,  in  rear  of  the  axle  body,  are  rounded  with 
a  radius  of  .4  inch,  except  the  part  which  rests  on  the  rear  assem- 
bling bar. 

Two  side  rails.  The  upper  edges  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of 
.2  inch,  behind  the  foot  boards.  The  lower  edges  are  rounded 
with  a  radius  of  .4  inch,  from  the  under  strap  to  each  end.  The 
edges  of  the  rounded  ends  are  chamfered  .4  inch. 

One  cross  bar.  It  is  joined  by  tenon  and  mortise  to  the  side 
rails,  and  is  notched  .25  inch  deep,  over  the  stock.  The  lower 
edges  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .2  inch,  between  the  rails. 
The  upper  edges  are  chamfered  .4  inch,  between  the  side  rails 
and  the  ends  of  the  foot  board  bolster. 

One  bolster^  for  front  foot  board.  It  is  fastened  on  the  middle 
of  the  cross  bar  by  the  stock  stirrup  bolts. 

One  front  foot  board.  The  upper  front  edge  is  rounded  with 
^  radius  of  .6  inch;  the  lower  front  edge  is  chamfered  .4  inch, 
between  the  bolster  and  the  side  rails.  The  upper  edges  of  the 
rear  side  and  of  the  ends  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .2  inch. 

This  foot  board  is  fastened  to  the  rails  and  cross  bar  by  four 
bolts  and  two  nails. 

One  rear  foot  board.  The  upper  edges  of  the  sides  and  ends 
are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .2  inch.  The  board  is  fastened  to 
the  rails  by  six  nails. 


'•--        CAISSON.  3;i 

One  axle.  body.  It  is  notched  out  in  the  middle  1  incli  deep, 
to  receive  the  middle  rail;  at  the  shoulder  for  the  side  rail  it  has 
a  tenon,  fitting  in  a  notch  in  the  rail.  The  upper  edges  of  the 
shoulders  for  the  middle  and  side  rails  are  rounded  with  a  radius 
of  .6  inch,  to  the  distance  of  1  inch  from  the  rails;  the  upper 
edges  of  the  axle  body,  between  these  shoulders  and  outside  oi 
the  side  rails,  are  rounded  .4  inch;  the  lower  edges  are  rounded 
.6  inch.  The  lower  corners  of  the  mortise  for  the  end  of  the 
stock  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .6  inch. 

One  stock.  The  rear  end  of  the  stock  is  let  in,  its  full  width, 
.4  inch  into  the  front  of  the  axle  body.  The  upper  edges  are 
rounded  ,25  inch  on  a  length  of  7  inches  in  front  of  the  cross  bar; 
from  that  point  to  the  lunette  plates,  the  width  is  reduced  .4  inch 
on  each  side,  at  top  and  bottom,  and  the  sides  are  rounded,  retain- 
ing the  full  width  in  the  middle  of  the  stock;  between  the  lunette 
plates,  this  rounding  tapers  down  to  the  width  of  the  iron.  The 
lower  edges  of  the  stock  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .6  inch, 
from  the  rear  end  to  the  rear  of  the  wheel  guard  plate;  from  that 
point  they  are  rounded  .25  inch,  to  the  distance  of  7  inches  in 
front  of  the  cross  bar,  where  the  rounding  of  the  sides  begins. 

IRONS. 

One  middle  assembling  bar.  The  two  ears  in  the  middle  of 
the  bar  serve  as  stay  plates  for  the  ammunition  chests;  their 
edges,  above  the  bar,  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  The  upper  edges 
of  the  bar,  between  the  rails,  and  the  outer  edges  of  the  feet  by 
which  it  is  attached  to  the  side  rails,  are  chamfered  .15  inch.  It 
has  a  slot  for  the  axe  blade,  on  the  right  of  the  middle  rail.  The 
bar  is  set  even  with  the  top  of  the  rails,  and  is  bolted  to  each  rail; 
the  bolt  in  the  middle  rail  passes  through  the  axle  strap. 

Two  bolts,  two  washers  and  two  mits<,  for  the  middle  assembling 
bar  and  side  rails. 

5— Part  2. 


34  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

One  carrias^e  hook.  The  edojes  of  the  head  are  chamfered 
.1  inch.  The  plate  is  let  in  flush  with  the  under  side  of  the 
middle  rail ;  it  is  fastened  by  the  stays  and  the  foot  bolt  of  the 
spare  wheel  axle. 

This  hook  is  intended  to  take  a  carriage  which  may  have  lost 
its  limber. 

One  rear  assembling  bar,  to  support  the  spare  wheel  axle.  The 
edges  of  the  ends,  over  the  side  rails,  are  chamfered  .15  inch. 
The  bar  has  a  slot,  for  carrying  a  pick  axe,  on  the  left  of  the 
middle  rail.  It  is  fastened  to  the  side  rails  by  two  bolts,  and  to 
the  middle  rail  by  the  stays  of  the  spare  wheel  axle. 

Two  bolts,  two  washers  and  two  nuts,  for  the  rear  assembling 
bar  and  side  rails. 

One  bridle,  for  rear  end  of  middle  rail.  The  edges  of  the  ends, 
which  are  bent  over  the  rail,  are  chamfered  .1  inch.  The  plate, 
through  which  the  stays  of  the  spare  wheel  axle  pass,  is  let  in 
flush  with  the  slope  of  the  middle  rail.  The  ends  are  fastened  to 
the  sides  of  the  rail  by  four  nails. 

One  spare  wheel  axle.  The  axle  consists  of  the  body  and  two 
ribs  which  are  connected  with  the  body  by  a  washer  and  three 
rivets.  The  shoulder  on  the  body  and  a  cylindrical  bearing  for 
the  washer  are  first  turned;  the  washer  is  warmed  and  shrunk  on 
against  the  shoulder ;  the  ribs  are  put  in  place  and  riveted,  and 
the  edges  of  the  body  and  side  bars  are  then  turned,  with  a  taper 
corresponding  to  that  of  the  arm  of  the  carriage  axle.  * 

The  upper  edges  of  the  sides,  in  rear  of  the  washer,  are  cham- 
fered .  1  inch.  The  lower  extremity  of  the  foot  is  let  in  flush 
with  the  upper  surface  of  the  middle  rail ;  the  part  which  is  sup- 
ported by  the  slope  of  the  rail  is  not  let  in.  The  axle  is  fastened 
by  two  stays  and  one  foot  bolt. 

One  chain  and  toggle,  for  spare  wheel  axle. 

Two  stays,  for  spare  w^heel  axle.  The  bolt  hole  in  the  head  of 
one  of  them  is  square;  in  the  other,  round. 


CAISSON.  Oi) 

The  stays  pass  through  the  bridle  of  the  middle  rail,  through 
the  round  notches  in  the  plate  of  the  carriage  hook  and  through 
the  rear  assembling  bar. 

Two  nutsy  for  the  stays. 

One  stay  dolt,  connecting  the  stays  with  the  spare  wheel  axle. 

One  nut,  for  stay  bolt. 

One  foot  bolt,  for  spare  wheel  axle.  It  passes  through  the  foot 
of  the  axle  and  through  the  carriage  hook.      One  nut  for  this  bolt. 

Three  foot  board  boUs,  fastening  the  front  foot  board  to  the  side 
rails. 

One  lock  chain  bridle.  The  edges  of  the  plates  are  chamfered 
.  15  inch. 

The  bridle  is  fastened  under  the  front  end  of  the  left  side  rail, 
by  two  of  the  foot  board  bolts;  the  straight  side  is  turned  outwards. 
Before  the  bridle  is  put  in  place  the  large  ring  of  the  lock  chain 
is  hooked  in  it. 

One  lock  chain.     Plate  III. 

Two  washers  and  three  nuts,  for  foot  board  bolts. 

One  lock  chain  hook.  Like  the  tar  bucket  hook  for  the  limber, 
Piate  III.  It  is  fastened  on  the  outside  of  the  left  side  rail  by 
two  nails. 

One  axletree.     Like  that  for  the  6-pounder  gun  carriage. 

Two  under  straps.  The  edges  of  the  sides  are  chamfered 
A5  inch;  those  of  the  ends  .5  inch. 

Four  bolts,  for  under  straps.  The  heads  are  let  in  flush  with 
the  upper  surface  of  the  side  rails.     Four  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  axle  bands,  fastened  on  the  ends  of  the  axle  body,  each  by 
three  nails. 

One  rivet,  for  the  stock.  It  is  placed  between  the  two  lunette 
bolts;  the  head  and  burr  are  let  into  the  sides  of  the  stock. 

One  lunette.  Plate  IV.  The  lower  side  of  the  eye  is  plated 
with  steel,  like  that  for  the  gun  carriage.  The  edges  of  the  plates 
are  chamfered  .15  inch.  The  bolt  holes  in  the  lower  plate  are 
square. 


■><^  ^ART    •2.— FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

The  lunt'ttc  is  fastened  lo  the  stock  by  two  bolts  and  twelve 
ndils^  six  in  each  plate. 

Two  lunette  bolts.      Two  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  key  plate  for  spare  pole.  The  outer  edges  of  the  ears  are 
(chamfered  .  15  inch  ;  the  inner  edges  are  rounded  .  1  inch  The 
plate  is  fastened  on  the  under  side  of  the  lunette  by  the  front 
lunette  bolt. 

One  spare  pole  key.  The  edges  of  the  handle  are  chamfered 
.  1  inch.  It  is  attached  to  the  left  side  of  the  stock  by  a  chain 
and  eye  pin. 

One  key  chain;  consisting  of  eleven  links,  No.  1,  and  iwo  rings. 
No.  1,  A. 

One  eye  pin,  No.  1,  for  the  key  chain.  It  is  screwed  into  the 
left  side  of  the  stock. 

Two  wheel  guard  plates.  Plate  IV.  The  edges  are  chamfered 
.  Id  inch.     They  are  fastened  to  the  stock,  each  by  five  nails. 

One  stock  stirrup.  The  outer  edges  of  the  sides  are  chamfered 
.15  inch;  those  of  the  ends,  .5  inch. 

.    Two  bolts,  for  stock  stirrup.     They  pass  through  the  front  foot 
board  and  its  bolster.     Two  washers  and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

One  axle  strap.     The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  15  inch. 

One  spare  pole  ring.  It  is  held  by  the  axle  strap.  The  straight 
bar  of  the  ring  is  lodged  in  a  groove  made  in  the  middle  of  the 
axle  body,  in  rear  of  the  iron  axle  tree.  The  edges  of  the  broad 
partj  on  which  the  pole  hangs,  are  rounded. 

Three  bolts,  for  the  axle  strap.  The  head  of  the  front  bolt  rests 
on  the  middle  assembling  bar ;  those  of  the  other  bolts  are  let  in 
flush  with  the  top  of  the  middle  rail.      Three  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Eight  tvasher  plates,  for  stay  pins  of  ammunition  chests.  They 
are  let  into  the  side  rails,  on  the  upper  and  under  sides,  at  the 
holes  for  the  stay  pins,  and  are  fastened,  each  by  two  nails.  The 
front  plates,  on  the  upper  side  of  the  rails,  are  partly  covered  by 
the  roar  foot  board. 


CAISSON.  37 

Four  stay  pins^  like  those  for  the  hmber,  except  in  the  length 
and  in  the  position  of  the  key  hole;  for  which  see  Plate  IV. 

Four  keys,  for  stay  pins. 

Four  key  chains;  each  consisting  oi  jive  links,  No.  1,  and  two 
rings,  No.  LB. 

Four  eye  pins,  No.  1,  for  key  chains.  They  are  screwed  into 
the  middle  of  the  thickness  of  the  rails,  on  the  under  side. 

One  ring  bolt,  for  spare  handspike.  The  outer  edges  of  the  ring 
are  chamfered  .1  inch;  the  inner  edges  are  rounded  .1  inch.  The 
ring  is  on  the  right  side  of  the  middle  rail.  Two  washers  and  one 
nut  for  the  ring  bolt. 

One  key  plate,  for  spare  handspike.  The  outer  edges  are  cham- 
fered .  15  inch.  It  is  fastened  on  the  right  side  of  the  middle  rail 
by  two  nails. 

One  key  plate,  for  the  shovel  handle ;  fastened  on  the  inside  of 
the  right  side  rail  by  two  nails.  The  upper  surfaces  of  both  key 
plates  are  .25  inch  below  the  top  of  the  rails. 

Two  keys,  for  handspike  and  shovel. 

Two  key  chains;  each  of  jive  links.  No.  1,  and  two  rings, 
No.  1,  B. 

Two  eye  pins,  No.  1,  for  key  chains.  They  are  placed  ,Q5  inch 
below  the  upper  surface  of  the  rails. 

Two  staples,  for  tool  handles,  driven  into  the  top  of  the  axle 
body  in  front  of  the  iron  axletree ;  one  for  the  shovel  handle,  near 
the  right  side  rail ;  the  other  for  the  handle  of  the  pickaxe,  on 
the  left  of  the  middle  rail. 

Two  shoulder  washers. 

Two  linch  washers. 

Two  linch  pins. 

Two  wheels,  No.  1, 

Two  ammunition  chests,  like  the  one  on  \\\^,  limber 


38 


PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 


Bolts,  rivets  and  nails  for  caisson. 


DESIGNATIOK. 


Kind. 


Head  Nut 


BoUs. 

For  middle  assembling  bar  - 

"    spare  wheel  ^^^y^^lt". 

a^l«      -     /foot  bolt- 

"    rear  assembling  bar  -    - 

"    foot  board  and  right  side 

rail     ------ 

"    foot   board    and    lock  < 
chain  bridle      -    -     ^ 

"    lunette < 

"    stock  stirrup   -    -    -    - 

*•    axle  strap  -    -    -    -     < 

"    understraps     -    -    -    - 
"    speire  handspike  ring    - 


No.  3.  A 

No.  3. 

N0.3.D. 

do. 

do. 

do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 
N0.3.B. 
do. 
do. 
No.  3. 


In. 

3.75 

8.2 

3.35 

4.95 

4.45 

5.47 

5.8 

5.43 

5.4 

6.2 

6.0 

8.73 

8.47 

5.13 

5.38 

5.0 


Plate  XVI. 


Plate  XVI. 


Rivets. 
For  the  stock    - 


No.  3.  B. 


4.25 


^aih. 

For  bridle  of  middle  rail  -  - 

"    footboards      -    .    -  - 

"    lock  chain  hook  -    -  - 

"    axle  bands 

"    stay  pin  washers     -  - 

"    lunette  plates  -    -    -  - 

*'    wheel  guard  plates    -  - 


No.  1.  C. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 
No.  2.  C. 

do. 


0.75 

2.25 

2.5 
.75 
.75 

2.0 

2.0 

3.5 

3.0 


FORGE.  39 

TRAVELLING    FORGE.— Plates  XVII  to  XXL 

Body  and  bellotvs  house. 

WOOD    WORK. 
M)te. — Oak  will  be  understood  to  designate  white  oak. 

Two  side  rails,  (oak.)  The  outer  edge  of  the  under  side  is 
rounded  with  a  radius  of  .3  inch  from  the  under  strap  to  each 
end ;  the  inner  edge  of  the  under  side  is  rounded  in  like  manner, 
from  the  under  strap  to  the  middle  cross  bars,  and  also  in  rear  of 
the  rear  middle  cross  bar.  The  outer  edge  of  the  upper  side,  in 
front  and  in  rear  of  the  bellows  house,  is  rounded  with  the  same 
radius;  the  edges  of  the  ends  are  chamfered  .5  inch. 

The  notches  for  the  tenons  of  the  axle  body,  the  mortises  for 
the  cross  bars  and  studs,  and  the  rabbets  for  the  coal  box  and  for 
the  sides  of  the  bellows  house,  are  shown  in  Plate  XVII. 

One  front  cross  bar,  (oak.)  The  lower  edges  of  the  front  side 
are  rounded  .3  inch,  between  the  rails  and  the  stock;  the  upper 
edges  of  the  same  side  are  rounded  .2  inch.  The  cross  bar  rests 
on  the  stock  and  its  lower  side  is  made  sloping,  to  correspond 
with  the  slope  of  the  stock  and  side  rails ;  it  is  fastened  to  the 
side  rails  by  two  wooden  pins  .5  inch  thick,  placed  .5  inch  clear 
of  the  inside  of  the  rail. 

One  middle  cross  bar,  (oak,)  in  front  of  the  axle  body.  The 
lower  side  is  cut  with  a  slope  like  the  front  cross  bar.  The  lower 
edges  are  rounded  .3  inch,  between  the  rails  and  the  stock.  The 
bar  is  notched  on  the  upper  side  in  front,  for  the  air  back  of  the 
forge;  in  rear,  it  has  a  notch  for  the  tenon  of  the  middle  rail,  and 
a  rabbet  for  the  ends  of  the  floor  boards.  It  is  fastened  to  the 
stock  by  one  bolt,  and  to  the  side  rails  by  four  wooden  pins,  like 
those  for  the  front  cross  bar. 


40  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

One  middle  cross  bar,  (oak,)  in  rear  of  the  axle  body.  The 
lower  side  slopes  with  that  of  the  middle  rail.  The  lower  edge 
of  the  front  side  is  rounded  .3  inch,  between  the  rails  and  the 
stock ;  the  upper  and  lower  edges  of  the  rear  side  are  rounded 
.3  inch.  On  the  front  of  the  upper  side  there  is  a  notch  for  the 
rear  end  of  the  middle  rail,  and  a  rabbet  for  the  ends  of  the  floor 
boards.  The  bar  is  fastened  to  the  side  rails  by  two  wooden  pins, 
.5  inch  thick,  placed  .75  inch  clear  of  the  inside  of  the  rails. 

One  rear  cross  bar,  (oak.)  The  lower  edges  and  the  upper 
rear  edge  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .3  inch.  It  is  fastened 
to  the  side  rails  by  two  wooden  pins,  like  the  preceding. 

The  upper  surface  of  the  front  cross  bar  is  flush  with  that  of 
the  side  rails;  the  others  are  .5  inch  below  the  side  rails,  being 
even  with  the  floor  and  with  the  top  of  the  middle  rail. 

One  middle  rail,  (oak.)  The  low^er  edges,  in  rear  of  the  axle 
body,  are  rounded  .3  inch.  The  rail  is  notched  out  1.25  inch 
deep  for  the  axle  body,  and  is  also  let,  into  it  the  same  depth;  the 
ends  are  let  into  the  middle  cross  bars,  to  which  they  are  fasten- 
ed by  two  screws  in  each  bar. 

One  axle  body,  (oak.)  The  lower  edges  are  rounded  with  a 
radius  of  .6  inch;  the  upper  edges,  outside  of  the  rails,  .4  inch. 
The  axle  body  is  notched  out  1.25  inch  deep,  for  the  middle  rail, 
and  it  is  framed  into  the  side  rails  with  tenons  which  fit  into 
notches  in  the  rails.  On  the  front  side,  there  is  a  mortise  for  the 
end  of  the  stock ;  the  lower  corners  of  this  mortise  are  rounded 
with  a  radius  of  .6  inch. 

One  stock,  (oak.)  The  lower  edges  are  rounded  with  a  radius 
of  .6  inch,  from  the  rear  end  to  the  rear  of  the  wheel  guard  plate; 
the  upper  edges  are  rounded  .25  inch,  under  the  fire  place,  and 
on  a  length  of  7  inches  in  front  of  the  front  cross  bar.  The  front 
end  of  the  stock  is  finished  like  the  caisson  stock.  The  stock  is 
let  into  the  axL;  body  .4  inch. 


FORGE.  4 1 

Four  floor  boards^  (oak,  or  other  hard  wood.)  The  floor  is 
even  with  the  top  of  the  middle  rail ;  the  boards  are  fastened  to 
the  middle  cross  bars,  each  by  two  wood  screws  in  each  end. 

Four  corner  studs,  (oak.)  The  outer  edges  are  rounded  .3  inch. 
The  studs  are  joined  by  tenons  and  mortises  to  the  side  rails  and 
plates,  to  which  they  are  fastened  with  one  wooden  pin,  ,38  inch 
thick,  in  each  end. 

One  front  end  board,  for  iron  room,  (oak,  or  other  hard  wood.) 
It  is  mortised  into  the  front  corner  studs  and  fastened  to  them 
by  two  wooden  pins  .25  inch  thick. 

Two  side  studs,  (oak,)  fastened  to  the  side  rails  and  plates  like 
the  corner  studs. 

Two  plates,  (oak,)  framed  on  the  upper  ends  of  the  studs. 

One  front  end  stud,  (oak.)  It  is  mortised  into  the  front  end 
boards  of  the  iron  room  and  of  the  roof.  A  slit  is  cut  in  the  mid- 
dle of  the  stud,  for  the  bellows  hook  to  work  in. 

Two  end  boards,  for  roof  of  bellows  house,  (walnut  or  oak.) 
They  are  set  flush  with  the  ends  of  the  plates,  and  are  let  into 
rabbets  in  the  corner  studs.  They  are  fastened  to  the  plates  by 
one  wood  screw  in  each  end  on  the  top ;  the  front  board  is  also 
fastened  to  the  corner  studs  by  one  sci'ew  in  each  end,  and  the 
rear  board  by  two  screws  in  each  end. 

Two  roof  bows,  (oak  or  walnut.)  They  are  let  into  notches 
.2  inch  deep,  on  the  inside  of  the  plates,  and  they  are  fastened 
to  the  plates  by  one  screw  in  each  end,  on  the  top. 

Tujo  side  linings,  (oak  or  walnut,)  for  iron  room,  fastened  by 
two  nails  to  each  stud. 

One  rear  end  piece,  for  iron  room.  It  is  dovetailed  into  the  side 
linings. 

Two  groove  cleats,  (oak,)  for  cover  of  iron  room.  They  are 
fastened  with  one  screw  to  each  stud,  .5  inch  above  the  side 
linings.  The  front  ends  are  notched  over  the  front  hoard  of  thp 
iron  room. 

6— Part  2. 


42  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

One  sliding  covei',  for  iron  room,  (white  pine  or  poplar.)  It 
consists  of  about  six  boards,  fastened  to  two  battens  by  thirty-six 
nails.  The  battens  project  .5  inch  beyond  the  boards  at  the 
front  end,  and  rest  in  notches  cut  for  the  purpose  in  the  top  of 
the  front  end  board  of  the  iron  room.  The  cover  slides  in  the 
grooves  formed  by  the  side  linings  and  the  cleats. 

Two  braces,  for  supporting  the  bellows,  (oak.)  They  are 
framed  into  the  corner  and  side  studs,  by  means  of  notches  cut  in 
the  braces  and  studs,  and  they  are  fastened  by  six  screws,  one  in 
each  stud.  The  braces  are  flush  u^ith  the  middle  stud  on  the 
outside,  and  they  project  .75  inch  over  the  studs  on  the  inside; 
in  the  upper  side  of  this  projecting  part,  a  rabbet  .75  inch  wide 
and  .5  deep  is  cut,  for  the  ends  of  the  bellows  arms  to  rest  in. 

One  cap  for  coal  box,  (oak.)  It  is  let  in  on  the  under  side  of 
the  rear  end  board  of  the  roof,  to  which  it  is  fastened  by  five 
wood  screws.  It  projects  .5  inch  in  rear  of  the  end  board  and 
covers  the  opening  at  the  top  of  the  coal  box. 

Ten  boards,  for  sides  of  bellows  house,  (white  pine.)  They 
are  tongued  and  grooved,  the  groove  being  on  the  lower  side ; 
a  small  bead  is  worked  at  the  joints.  They  fit  into  rabbets  in  the 
corner  studs,  the  side  rails  and  the  plates,  to  all  of  w^hich  they 
are  fastened  with  cut  nails. 

Seven  cover  boards,  for  the  roof,  (white  pine.)  They  are 
tongued  and  grooved.  They  may  be  worked  straight  and  bent 
on  the  roof  bows  and  the  end  board,  to  which  they  are  fastened 
with  cut  nails;  or,  they  may  be  worked  to  the  proper  curve  out 
of  thick  boards. 

One  prop,  for  the  stock.     Like  the  pole  prop  of  the  limber. 

One  bellows  pole,  (hickory,  oak,  or  ash.)  The  handle,  from 
the  small  end  to  the  iron  strap,  is  round. 


IRONS. 

One  axletree,  like  that  for  the  6-pounder  gun  carriage. 

Two  axle  bands,  fastened  each  by  thi'ee  nails. 

Two  under  straps.  The  outer  edges  of  the  sides  are  chamfered 
,15  inch;  those  of  the  ends,  .5  inch. 

Four  bolts,  for  under  straps.  Four  washers  and  four  nuts  for 
these  bolts. 

Two  rivets,  for  the  front  end  of  the  stock. 

One  lunette,  Plate  IV.  It  is  like  that  for  the  caisson,  except 
that  the  plates  have  each  an  additional  bolt  hole,  (the  one  in  the 
lower  plate  being  square,)  and  that  the  rear  bolt  hole  in  the  upper 
plate  is  .88  inch  square,  and  in  the  lower  plate  .63  inch  round,  in 
order  to  receive  the  vice  bolt  which  secures  the  vice  to  the  stock. 
See  the  drawing  of  the  vice:  Part  10,  Plate  VIII. 

The  front  lunette  bolt,  (Plate  XX,)  holds  the  prop  for  support- 
ing the  forge  when  it  is  unlimbered. 

One  middle  bolt  and  twelve  nails,  for  lunette. 

Three  nuts,  for  lunette  bolts. 

One  socket,  1       n      r  rp,  v^     1.1. 

i      For  lorge  prop.    They  are  like  those 

^       ,   .     '  ,      I  for  the  pole  prop  of  the  limber. 

One  chain  and  toggle,  J 

One  eye  pin,  No.  1,  for  the  chain;  it  is  screwed  into  the  under 
side  of  the  stock. 

One  stock  stirrup.  The  edges  are  chamfered  like  those  of  the 
under  straps.  It  is  fastened  by  two  bolts,  the  heads  of  which  are 
let  into  the  upper  side  of  the  front  cross  bar. 

Two  bolts,  for  stock  stirrup.      Two  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  bolt,  for  the  middle  cross  bar  and  stock.  The  head  is  let  into 
the  upper  side  of  the  cross  bar.    One  washer  and  one  nut  for  this  bolt. 

One  axle  strap.  The  edges  chamfered  like  those  of  the  under 
straps. 

Two  bolts,  for  axle  strap.      Two  nuls  for  the  same. 


44  r'ART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Two  wheel  guard  plates^  like  those  for  caisson,  Plate  IV ;  they 
are  fastened  each  by  five  nails. 

Two  stud  plates,  for  coal  box.  They  are  let  in  flush  with  the 
back  of  the  rear  corner  studs  of  the  bellows  house,  to  which  they 
are  fastened,  each  by  one  invet  and  one  screw. 

Two  keysy  for  coal  box. 

Two  key  chains;  each  consists  of  four  links  No.  1,  and  two 
rings  No  1,  B. 

Two  eye  pins,  No.  1,  for  key  chains.  They  are  screwed  into 
the  rear  corner  studs. 

One  lock  chain  hook,  Plate  III;  fastened  to  the  left  side  rail  by 
two  nails. 

One  hooky  for  bellows  pole;  like  the  lock  chain  hook.  It  is  fas- 
tened to  the  front  corner  stud,  on  the  right  side,  by  two  nails. 

One  staple,  for  bellows  pole  ;  driven  into  the  rear  corner  stud, 
on  the  right  side.  The  hook  and  staple  carry  the  bellows  pole 
when  travelling. 

Two  front  stay  plates,  for  bellows  arms.  They  are  fastened  to 
the  braces,  at  the  upper  ends  of  the  rabbets  for  the  bellows  arms, 
each  by  three  screws. 

Two  rear  stay  plates,  for  bellows  arms.  They  are  fastened  to 
the  braces,  at  the  lower  ends  of  the  rabbets,  after  the  bellows  is 
put  in  place,  each  by  two  bolts  and  two  thumb  nuts. 

One  front,  for  bellows  house,  (russia  sheet  iron,  No.  24.) 
It  has  a  hole  for  the  wind  pipe  to  pass  through,  and  a  slit  for  the 
bellows  hook  corresponding  with  that  in  the  front  end  stud.  It  is 
bent  towards  the  front,  at  the  bottom,  about  an  inch  under  the 
sheet  of  iron  which  covers  the  cross  bar  and  is  nailed  down  with 
the  latter;  it  is  also  fastened  to  the  front  studs  and  front  roof  board 
with  iron  tacks. 

One  sheet  iron  cover,  for  front  middle  cross  bar,  (sheet  iron, 
No.  24 ;)  fastened  to  the  cross  bar  with  iron  tacks. 


FORGE.  45 

One  guard,  for  the  stock,  (sheet  iron,  No.  24.)  It  is  bent 
over  the  top  of  the  stock,  between  the  two  front  cross  bars,  and 
fastened  on  the  sides  by  eighteen  iron  tacks. 

One  stud,  for  bellows  pole.  It  is  riveted  into  an  upright  stay, 
the  outer  edges  of  which  are  chamfered  .1  inch.  The  stay  is 
fastened  to  the' front  roof  board  and  to  the  front  middle  cross  bar, 
by  two  screws  in  each. 

One  cover,  for  roof,  (sheet  copper,  No.  24.)  It  is  fastened 
on  the  edges  of  the  roof  boards  by  copper  tacks. 

One  fire  place,  (plate  iron.)  The  upper  plate  of  the  back  is 
of  iron  No.  11;  the  other  plates,  No.  8.  The  lower  back  plate  is 
cut  out  in  the  middle,  to  fit  the  air  back  of  the  forge;  the  lower 
part  of  it  is  bent  under  the  bottom  plate  of  the  fire  place.  The 
two  side  plates  are  bent  behind  the  back  plate  and  under  the  bot- 
tom ;  the  right  side  plate  is  cut  down  in  the  middle,  for  conve- 
nience in  managing  the  fire.  The  front  plate  is  bent  at  each  end, 
inside  of  the  side  plates,  and  also  under  the  bottom.  The  bottom 
plate  rests  on  the  flanges  formed  by  the  four  side  plates;  it  has 
two  holes  bored  in  it,  to  let  off  the  water.  All  these  plates  are 
riveted  together,  where  they  lap  over  each  other. 

One  air  back,  (cast  iron.)  It  consists  of  a  box  and  a  back 
plate,  which  are  joined  together  hy  four  bolts;  the  joints  are  made 
air  tight  by  inserting  sheet  lead  between  the  plates.  The  bolts 
have  no  nuts;  they  are  screwed  into  holes  tapped  in  the  front 
plate  of  the  box,  which  is  reinforced  at  the  corners  for  this  pur- 
pose ;  these  holes  are  not  bored  quite  through  the  plate.  The  air 
back  is  fastened  to  the  back  plate  of  the  fire  place  by  bolts  pass- 
ing through  holes  in  the  ears. 

Five  bolts,  for  fastening  the  air  back  to  the  fire  place.  The 
heads  of  the  bolts  are  behind  the  air  back.  Five  nuts  (octagonal) 
for  these  bolts. 

One  hook,  for  forge  bucket;  like  the  lock  chain  hook*  It  is 
riveted  to  the  back  of  the  fire  place  on  the  left  side. 


46  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

One  plate,  for  front  cross  bar.  It  is  bent  down  on  the  inside  of 
the  cross  bar  and  riveted  to  the  front  of  the  fire  place.  The  plate 
is  fastened  to  the  cross  bar  by  two  bolts,  and  to  the  side  rails  by 
one  bolt  in  each. 

Two  plates,  for  side  rails.  They  are  bent  down  on  the  inside 
of  the  rails,  the  length  of  the  fire  place,  and  are  riveted  to  the 
side  plates  of  the  fire  place.  They  are  fastened  to  the  side  rails, 
each  by  three  bolts. 

These  three  plates  support  the  fire  place  and  fasten  it  in  its 
proper  position.  The  dimensions  of  the  fire  place  are  so  arranged 
as  to  leave  a  vacant  space  between  these  plates  and  the  cross  bar 
and  side  rails,  to  prevent  scorching  the  wood. 

Ten  bolts,  for  the  cross  bar  and  side  rail  plates. 

Eight  washers  and  ten  nuts,  for  these  bolts. 

One  lock  chain  bridle.  It  is  like  that  of  the  caisson,  (Plate  III,) 
except  that  the  diameter  of  the  bolt  holes  is  .5  inch.  It  is  fast- 
ened by  the  two  front  bolts  in  the  left  side  rail. 

One  brace,  for  fire  place.  It  is  forged  in  two  parts,  each  half 
being  made  out  of  one  piece  of  iron,  and  welded  together  in  the 
middle  of  the  rod.  The  outer  edges  of  the  plates  are  chamfered 
.  1  inch.  The  brace  is  fastened  to  the  back  of  the  fire  place  and 
to  the  front  end  board  of  the  roof,  by  two  rivets  in  each. 

One  strap,  for  bellows  pole.  The  outer  edges  of  the  strap  are 
chamfered  .  1  inch.  The  strap  has  an  eye  for  the  stud  on  which 
the  bellow^s  pole  works,  and  a  hook  for  the  chain.  It  is  fastened 
to  the  pole  by  two  rivets  and  three  screws. 

One  chain,  for  bellows  pole;  formed  of  two  links,  one  of  which 
is  fastened  in  the  hook. 

Two  shoulder  washers,  for  axletree. 

Two  linch  washers. 

Two  linchpins. 
.  Two  wheels.     No.  1. 


FORGE.  4^ 

Bellows. 
WOOD    WORK. 

Three  bellows  planks,  (poplar.)  They  are  formed  each  of  two 
pieces,  joined  together  by  a  tongue  of  hard  wood  inserted  in  a 
groove  in  each  piece ;  the  outer  edges  of  the  upper  and  lower 
planks  are  chamfered  .3  inch.  The  middle  and  lower  planks  have 
square  wind  holes,  covered  by  the  valves. 

Two  cross  heads,  (poplar.)  They  are  fastened  to  the  middle 
plank,  each  by  six  screws.    The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .3  inch. 

The  hole  for  the  wdnd  pipe  is  bored  .1  inch  above  the  joint  be- 
tween the  upper  cross  head  and  the  middle  plank;  the  upper  plank 
is  hollowed  out  at  the  inner  opening  of  the  hole,  so  as  not  to  ob- 
struct it. 

Two  ribs,  (poplar  or  white  pine.)  Each  rib  consists  of  two 
side  pieces,  one  end  piece  and  one  cross  bar,  halved  on  to  each 
other,  glued  together  and  fastened  with  eight  clout  nails  in  each 
rib. 

Two  valves,  (cherry  or  poplar.)  The  valve  has  a  batten 
which  is  fastened  on  with  eight  nails,  to  prevent  warping.  The 
outer  edges  of  the  valve  and  the  batten  are  chamfered  .3  inch. 

Four  cleats,  (poplar.)  They  are  fastened,  with  four  screws  in 
each,  to  the  middle  plank,  over  the  ends  of  the  bellows  arms ; 
the  outer  sides  are  cut  sloping,  so  that  the  ribs  may  rest  fair  on 
them  when  the  bellows  is  closed. 

IRONS. 

Six  butt  hinges,  (wrought  iron.)  They  are  let  into  the  upper 
and  lower  bellows  planks  and  the  cross  heads,  and  are  fastened 
to  them,  each  by  six  screws. 

Two  arms.  They  are  let  into  the  middle  plank  to  which  they 
are  fastened,  each  by  two  rivets  and  four  screws.  The  edges  of 
the  projecting  ends  of  the  arms  are  slightly  rounded. 


48  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

One  hook.  The  outer  edges  of  the  plates  are  chamfered  .  1  inch; 
the  hook  is  rounded.  It  is  fastened  to  the  lower  plank  by  three 
rivets  and  four  screws;  the  rivets  are  placed  in  the  three  holes 
nearest  to  the  junction  of  the  plates. 

One  wind  pipe.  It  consists  of  the  following  parts:  1.  An  elbow, 
(brass,)  which  is  screwed  into  the  wind  hole  of  the  bellows;  the 
screw  has  ten  threads  to  the  inch.  2.  A  collar,  (brass,)  which 
is  screwed  on  to  the  elbow  and  connects  it  with  the  lower  part  of 
the  pipe;  the  screw  has  six  threads  to  the  inch.  3.  A  joint  pipe, 
(brass,)  which  has  a  flanch  that  rests  on  a  shoulder  inside  of  the 
collar,  so  that  the  latter  may  be  turned  round  without  turning  the 
joint  pipe.  4.  A  bent  pipe,  (sheet  copper.  No.  18,)  which  is 
riveted  and  soldered  to  the  joint  pipe,  after  the  latter  has  been  put 
into  the  collar.  This  pipe  is  bent  in  two  directions,  in  order  that, 
when  the  smaller  end  is  inserted  in  the  hole  provided  for  it  in  the 
air  back  of  the  fire  place,  the  pipe  may  not  interfere  with  the 
movements  of  the  bellows  hook. 

LEATHER. 

Four  hinges,  for  the  ribs.  They  connect  the  ribs  with  the  cross 
heads,  and  are  fastened  to  them  with  copper  tacks. 

Two  hinges,  for  the  valves,  (bag  leather,  or  deer  skin  with 
the  hair  on.)  They  cover  the  lower  sides  of  the  valves,  and  are 
fastened  to  them  by  forty-one  copper  tacks,  and  to  the  planks  by 
eleven  copper  tacks. 

Two  valve  straps,  to  regulate  the  opening  of  the  valves.  They 
are  fastened  to  the  top  of  the  battens  and  to  the  bellows  planks 
with  ten  copper  tacks. 

One  bellows  leather.  It  is  cut  wide  enough  to  allow  the  bellows 
to  open  about  17  inches;  it  is  fastened  to  the  edges  of  the  planks 
with  bellows  nails  and  to  the  edges  of  the  ribs  with  clout  nails. 
The  joints  between  the  outer  planks  and  the  cross  heads  are  also 
covered  with  strips  of  leather  fastened  with  bellows  naih. 


FORGE.  49 

Safes,  or  narrow  strips  of  leather,  arc  put  on,  under  the  heads 
of  the  nails  and  around  the  openings  made  for  the  bellows  arms 
to  pass  through. 

To  put  the  bellows  in  its  place,  (the  coal  box  being  removed 
from  the  back  of  the  bellows  house,)  take  out  the  two  stay  plates 
at  the  lower  ends  of  the  labbets  in  the  braces;  put  the  projecting 
ends  of  the  upper  bellows  arm  in  the  rabbets,  and  slide  them  up 
until  the  ends  of  the  lower 'arm  come  into  their  places;  put  on  the 
stay  plates  and  fasten  them  down  with  the  thumb  nuts.  Screw 
the  brass  elbow  pipe  into  its  place,  through  the  hole  in  the  sheet 
iron  front  of  the  bellows  house;  put  in  the  copper  pipe  and  screw 
up  the  collar  which  connects  it  with  the  elbow  pipe. 

Coal  box. 
WOOD   WORK. 

The  box  is  made  of  walnut,  oak,  cherry,  or  other  hard  wood. 

Two  sides.  \      The  ends  may  be  advantageously  cut  with  the 

Two  ends.  3  grain  of  the  wood  running  vertically.  The  sides 
and  ends  are  rabbeted  half  their  thickness,  to  let  into  each  other, 
and  are  fastened  with  cut  nails. 

One  bottom.  It  is  let  in,  its  whole  thickness,  into  rabbets  in 
the  sides  and  ends  and  fastened  with  cut  nails. 

One  top  piece.  The  projecting  corners,  at  the  back  of  the  box, 
are  notched  out  .5  inch,  to  let  the  box  go  into  the  rabbets  in  the 
rear  studs  of  the  bellows  house.  The  top  is  fastened  on  with 
seven  wood  screws. 

One  lid.  It  projects  .5  inch  over  the  front  of  the  box.  It  has 
a  clamj)  two  inches  wide,  framed  on  each  end  with  three  tenons, 
to  prevent  the  lid  from  warping, 

7--PART   2. 


50  PART    2. FIELP    CARRIAGES. 


IRONS 


Four  corner  plates,  (sheet  iron,  No.  12  or  13.)  The  back 
plates  are  let  in,  their  whole  thickness,  into  the  back  and  the 
ends;  they  are  fastened  each  by  seventeen  screws  and  by  the  rivet 
for  the  end  strap.  The  front  plates  are  let  into  the  ends  only ; 
they  are  chamfered  .  15  inch  on  the  front  side,  and  they  are  fast- 
ened each  by  fourteen  screws,  one  of  which  passes  through  the 
end  strap. 

Two  end  straps.  The  outer  edges  of  the  plate  are  chamfered 
.  1  inch.  These  straps  serve  to  fasten  the  coal  box  in  its  place, 
for  which  purpose  the  end  of  each,  next  to  the  back  of  the  box,  is 
bent  square  and  has  a  hole  to  receive  the  stud  on  the  rear  of  the 
bellows  house.  The  straps  are  fastened  to  the  ends  of  the  box, 
each  by  one  rivet  and  two  screws,  and  by  the  handles. 

Two  handles.  The  ends,  which  are  tapped,  pass  through  holes 
in  the  end  straps  and  are  fastened  inside  of  the  box,  by  two  wash- 
ers and  two  nuts  to  each  handle. 

One  stud  plate,  for  turnbuckle.  The  stud  is  riveted  into  the 
plate,  which  is  let  into  the  front  of  the  box  and  fastened  by  two 
rivets. 

One  turnbuckle,  (brass,)  riveted  on  the  stud. 

One  hasp  and  strap.  The  outer  edges  of  the  hasp  and  of  the 
strap  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  The  strap  is  fastened  on  the  inside 
of  the  lid  by  one  rivet  and  three  screws.  As  the  strap  is  not  let 
into  the  lid,  a  notch  is  cut  for  it  in  the  front  of  the  box. 

One  cover,  (sheet  copper.  No.  24,)  in  two  pieces.  It  is  fast- 
ened on  the  top  of  the  box  with  sixty-nine  copper  tacks,  and  on 
the  lid,  with  one  hundred  and  sixteen  copper  tacks. 

Two  hinges.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  They 
are  fastened  on  the  outside  of  the  copper  covering,  each  by  one 
rivet  and  Jive  screws  to  the  top  piece,  and  by  one  rivet  and  three 
screws  to  the  lid. 


FORGE.  .51 

Limber  chest. 

The  wood  work  is  like  that  of  the  ammunition  chest,  except 
in  having  no  principal  partition  across  the  middle. 

In  the  iron  work:  Omit  the  assembling  bolt,  washer  plate  and 
turnbuckle  of  the  ammunition  chest,  and  the  four  screws  in  the 
bottom  and  principal  partition.  Add  one  hasp  staple  and  plate^ 
(Plate  XIX,)  which  is  let  into  the  front  of  the  chest  and  fastened 
by  two  rivets,  No.  2.  B,  two  inches  long. 

The  back  stay  has  no  bolt  hole  at  the  upper  end ;  it  is  fastened 
by  one  rivet,  No.  2.  B,  two  inches  long,  in  the  lower  hole  on  the 
back,  and  by  six  wood  screws,  No.  14;  two  of  1.25  inch  and  two 
of  1  inch  in  the  back  of  the  chest,  and  two  of  .75  inch  in  the 
bottom. 

The  heads  of  the  rivets  are  not  covered  with  copper  washers, 
as  they  are  in  the  ammunition  chest. 

This  chest  carries  the  tools  for  the  forge.  For  the  interior  ar- 
rangment  and  manner  of  packing  the  tools,  see  Part  12. 


52 


PART    2. — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 


Bolts  and  rivets  for  travelling  forge. 


J 

^ 

WASHERS. 

DESIGNATIOK. 

S 

Kind. 

REMARKS. 

Head 

Nut. 

BoUs. 

In. 

For  under  Straps      -    -    - 

4 

N0.3.D. 

5.25 

4 

_ 

i  middle  bolt  - 

1 

do. 

5.87 

- 

_ 

"    lunette  <  prop  bolt     - 

1 

No.  3. 

4.85 

_ 

_ 

Plate  XIX. 

(  vice  bolt  -    - 

1 

do. 

6.55 

- 

_ 

Part  10.  PI.  VIII. 

"    stock  stirrup     -    -    - 

2 

N0.3.B. 

4.18 

- 

_ 

"    stock  and  middle  cross 

bar 

1 

do. 

8.25 

_ 

1 

"    axle  strap    -    -    - 

1 

1 

do. 
do. 

4.68 
7.82 

: 

- 

"   front  cross  bar  -    -    - 

2 

N0.-2.D. 

3.84 

_ 

2 

"    right  side  rail    -    -    j 

1 
1 

do. 
do. 

3.84 
3.94 

- 

1 
1 

'*   lock  chain  bridle   -    \ 

1 
1 

do. 
do. 

4.2 
4.3 

_ 

_ 

"    side  rails      -    -    -    ? 

2 
2 

do. 
do. 

4.16 
4.4 

- 

2 
2 

"    air  back 

4 

N0.2.E. 

3.9 

4 

_ 

No  nuts. 

"    air  back  and  fire  place 
"    stay  plates  for  bellows 
"    handles  for  coal  box  - 

5 

do. 

1.2 

_ 

Nuts  octagonal. 

4 

No.l.D. 

2.4 

_ 

_ 

Thumb  nuts. 

4 

No.  3. 

- 

4 

Plate  XIX. 

Rivets. 

For  the  stock      -    -    -    - 

2 

No.  3.  B. 

4.25 

_ 

2 

"    stud  plates  for  coal  box 

2 

No.  2.  B. 

2.25 

- 

- 

"    brace  for  fire  place     ] 

2 
2 

do. 
No.  2. 

2.0 
.5 

- 

- 

)  Wire  riveted  at 
S     both  ends. 

"    bellows  pole     -    -    - 

2 

do. 

1.5 

_ 

_ 

"    bellows  arms    -    -    - 

4 

N0.2.B. 

2.0 

_ 

_ 

"    bellows  hook    -    -    - 

3 

do. 

2.25 

_ 

_ 

r  hinges  -    - 

4 

do. 

2.0 

_ 

_ 

"    coal  box  J  ?^^^^^    - 

2 

do. 

2.0 

- 

- 

coai  Dox  <  j^^gp    _    _ 
(stud  plate 

1 

do. 

2.0 

- 

- 

2 

do. 

2.0 

_ 

_ 

"    fireplace 

59 

3-10  in. 

.6 

- 

- 

Plate  XX. 

FORGE. 

J^ails  and  screws  for  travelling  forge. 


53 


DESIGNATION. 


Miils. 
For  lunette   --------- 

"    wheel  guard  plate     -    -    -    -    - 

"    axle  bands  -------- 

"    lock  chain  hook   ------ 

"    bellows  pole  hook     -    -    -    -    - 

"    sliding  cover  of  iron  room  -    -    - 
"    lining  boards  of  iron  room  -    -    - 
"    roof  and  sides  -    ------ 

"    coal  box      -------- 

"    bellows  ---------| 

"    cover  of  roof  and  coal  box  -    -    - 

"    sheet  iron  on  front   of  bellows 

hoHse  and  cross  bar  -    -    -    - 

"    sheet  iron  guard,  under  fire  place 


12  No.  2.  C, 

do. 

No.  1.  C, 

do. 

do. 


10 

6 

2 

2 

36 

12 

272 

50 

617 

46 

361 

32 

500 

169 

18 


Kind. 


8d. 
4d. 
6d. 


12  oz. 
20  oz. 
12  oz. 

12  oz. 
do. 


In. 
3.5 
3.0 

.75 
2.5 
2.0 
1.25 


1.13 
1.0 
.75 
1.0 


REMARKS. 


Wrought  nails. 

\  Cut  nails. 

Bellows  nails. 
Clout  nails. 

\  Copper  tacks. 
>  Iron  tacks. 


Screws. 


For  BELLOWS  HOUSE. 


braces    -    -    - 
groove  cleats  - 

ends  of  roof    < 

roof  bows  -    - 
cap  for  coal  box 


middle  rail 
floorboards 
stay  plates  for  bellows  -    -    - 
stud  plates,  for  coal  box      -    - 
bellows  pole  stud     -    -    .    - 
bellows  pole    ------ 

'  cross  heads  -    - 
arms    -    -    -    - 

BELLOWS      <(  cleats  -    -    -    - 

hook    -    -    -    - 

hinges-    -    -    - 

front  corner  plates 
rear  corner  plates 
hinges-    -    -    - 

hasp      -        -    - 

handle  plates     - 

Uop 


No.  14. 

do. 

do. 
No.  12. 
No.  14. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 
No.  16. 
No.  14. 

do. 
No.  20. 
No.  14. 

do. 

do. 

do. 
No.  12. 

do. 
No.  14. 

do. 

do. 

do. 


2.0 

2.0 

2.0 
1.251 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

1.5 

1.0 

3.0 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.25 
.75 
.75 

1.0 

1.0 

1.0 

2.0 


& 


^u 


> 


^Z 


^P 


i 


-fi. 


"<i 


54  PART    2. — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

BATTERY   WAGON.— Plates  XXII  to  XXV. 

WOOD   WORK. 

Body  of  the  wagon. 

Two  lower  side  rails,  (oak.)  The  outside  lower  edges  are 
rounded  with  a  radius  of  .4  inch,  except  at  the  axle  body  and 
front  cross  bar;  the  inside  lower  edges  are  rounded  .4  inch,  ex- 
cept at  the  two  front  cross  bars.  The  upper  edges  are  rounded 
only  in  rear  of  the  rear  cross  bar.  The  edges  of  the  ends  are 
chamfered  .4  inch. 

Five  cross  bars,  (oak.)  The  lower  edges  of  the  middle  cross 
bars  are  rounded  .4  inch,  between  the  rails,  except  the  middle 
parts  of  the  two  which  bear  on  the  stock.  The  lower  edges  and 
the  upper  outer  edges  of  the  end  cross  bars  are  rounded  .4  inch. 
The  end  cross  bars  have  rabbets  for  the  ends  of  the  floor  boards. 
The  cross  bars  are  joined,  with  tenons  and  mortises,  to  the  side 
rails,  and  fastened  to  them  by  a  wooden  pin  .5  inch  thick,  in  each 
end. 

Three  floor  boards,  (poplar  or  white  pine.)  They  are  joined 
together  with  tongue  and  groove.  They  are  fastened  to  the  cross 
bars,  each  by  three  nails  in  each  end  and  two  nails  in  each  mid- 
dle bar. 

One  axle  body,  (oak.)  It  is  framed  to  the  side  rails  like  those 
of  the  caisson  and  forge.  It  has  a  mortise  on  the  front  side,  to 
receive  the  end  of  the  stock.  The  upper  edges  are  rounded  with 
a  radius  of  .6  inch,  between  the  side  rails  and  the  mortise  plate, 
and  .4  inch  outside  of  the  rails.  The  lower  edges  are  rounded 
.6  inch,  except  at  the  mortise  plate.  The  ends  are  chamfered 
.25  inch. 


BATTERY     WAGON.  55 

Two  upper  side  rails y  (oak.)  The  lower  edges  on  the  outside 
are  rounded  .25  inch;  those  of  the  inside  are  rabbeted  25  inch, 
for  the  sides  to  fit  in.  The  ends  have  round  tenons  for  the  collars 
of  the  side  stays. 

The  upper  rails  rest  on  the  top  of  the  side  studs,  which  are  mor- 
tised into  the  rails  and  fastened  with  rivets.     (See  Irons.) 

Two  sides,  (white  pine.)  They  are  made,  generally,  of  one 
piece  each;  if  in  two  pieces,  they  are  joined  by  tongue  and  groove, 
the  tongue  on  the  lower  piece  which  should  be  the  widest.  They 
are  let  into  the  rabbets  in  the  upper  rails  and  are  riveted  to  the 
side  studs. 

Two  ends,  (walnut.)  They  are  held  by  iron  grooves  which 
are  fastened  to  the  sides  of  the  wagon  body. 

One  stock,  (oak.)  The  upper  edges  are  chamfered  .6  inch, 
between  the  cross  bars  and  in  front  of  the  mortise  plate;  the  lower 
edges  are  rounded  .6  inch,  from  the  mortise  plate  to  the  rear  of 
the  wheel  guard  plate.  The  edges  and  sides  of  the  front  part  are 
rounded  in  the  same  manner  as  those  of  the  forge  stock.  The  rear 
end  is  let  into  the  axle  body  .5  inch;  it  is  sloped  in  such  a  man- 
ner as  to  bring  the  tenon  into  the  middle  of  the  depth  of  the  axle 
body.  The  stock  is  let  in  .25  inch  into  the  front  cross  bar,  and 
is  bolted  to  the  second  and  third  cross  bars. 

Two  cleats,  for  the  till,  (white  pine.)  They  are  fastened  to 
the  ends  of  the  body,  on  the  right  side,  each  by  three  screws. 

One  bottom,  for  the  till,  (white  pine.)    It  is  laid  on  the  cleats. 

One  side,  for  the  till,  (white  pine.)  It  is  let  into  grooves  in 
the  ends  of  the  wagon  body,  and  is  fastened  to  the  edge  of  the 
bottom  of  the  till  by  eleven  cut  nails. 

Two  sides,  for  forage  rack,  (oak  or  ash.) 

Three  bars,  for  forage  rack,  (oak  or  ash.)  The  edges  of  the 
sides  are  rounded;  those  of  the  ends  are  chamfered  .2  inch.  The 
bars  are  mortised  into  the  sides  and  arc  fastened  by  six  wooden 
pins  J  .5  inch  thick. 


56  PART    2. — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

WOOD   WORK. 

Wago?i  cover. 

Two  side  rails,  (oak.) 

Two  end  rails,  (walnut  or  oak.)  The  upper  edges  of  the 
outside  are  rounded  .25  inch,  between  the  end  studs  and  the  side 
rails;  the  lower  edges  of  the  same  side  are  rounded  .25  inch. 
The  end  rails  are  dovetailed  into  the  side  rails  to  which  they  are 
fastened  by  joint  bolts.  They  are  rabbeted  on  the  inside  upper 
edge,  for  the  end  boards. 

Two  end  studs,  (walnut  or  oak.)  The  outer  edges  are  rounded 
.25  inch.  The  studs  are  mortised  into  the  end  rails,  to  which 
they  are  fastened  with  wooden  pins  .25  inch  thick.  The  upper 
ends  are  riveted  to  the  end  bows  of  the  cover. 

Two  end  boards,  (walnut.)  They  are  let  into  the  rabbets  on 
the  inside  of  the  end  rails,  and  are  fastened  each  by  two  screws 
in  the  side  rails,  (on  top,)  two  screws  in  the  rabbet  of  the  end  rail, 
and  three  screws  in  the  end  stud. 

One  ridge  pole,  (walnut  or  oak.)  The  lower  edges  are 
rounded  .25  inch.  It  is  dovetailed  into  the  end  studs  and  let 
into  the  end  boards,  its  whole  depth. 

Jfine  cover  boards,  (white  pine.)  They  are  (better)  dressed 
out  to  the  proper  curve,  without  being  bent,  and  are  tongued  and 
grooved.  They  are  fastened  to  the  end  boards  with  thirty-six  cut 
nails,  to  the  end  bows  with  thirty-six  rivets,  and  to  the  middle 
bows  with  thirty-six  screws. 


BATTERY     WAGON.  57 

IRONS. 

Wago?i  body. 

Two  rivets,  for  the  lower  rails.  They  are  placed  at  the  rear 
eiids  of  the  rails;  the  head  and  burr  are  let  into  the  wood,  on  the 
upper  and  loAver  sides. 

Eight  side  studs. '  Their  outer  edges  are  chamfei  ed  .  1  inch. 
The  upper  ends  are  let  into  mortises  in  the  upper  side  rails. 

The  front  and  rear  side  studs  are  fastened  to  the  lower  rails  by 
the  assembling  bolts,  one  stud  of  each  pair  having  a  square  bolt 
hole,  the  other  a  round  one.  They  are  fastened  to  the  sides  of 
the  wagon,  each  by  two  bolts,  and  to  the  upper  rails,  each  by  one 
bolt;  these  bolts  also  hold  the  grooves  for  the  ends  of  the  wagon 
body.  Each  of  the  rear  studs  has  an  eye  for  the  ring  of  the  forage 
rack  chain;  the  edges  of  the  eye  are  rounded. 

The  middle  studs  are  fastened  to  the  lower  rails,  each  by  one 
bolt,  one  of  which  is  the  turnbuckle  bolt.  To  give  rooni  for  the 
nuts  of  these  bolts  to  turn,  the  floor  boards  are  hollowed  out  a 
little,  on  the  under  side,  at  each  bolt.  These  studs  are  fastened 
to  the  sides,  each  by  three  rivets;  those  on  the  right  side  of 
the  wagon  are  fastened  to  the  upper  rails,  each  by  one  rivet;  the 
forward  stud  on  the  left  side  is  fastened  to  the  upper  rail  by  the 
hook  for  the  cover  strap,  and  the  rear  stud  on  the  same  side,  by 
the  eye  pin  for  the  hasp. 

One  spare  stock  hook.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  inch. 
It  is  fastened  to  the  rear  stud,  on  the  right  side  of  the  wagon,  by 
the  assembling  bolt  and  the  low^er  groove  bolt. 

One  button  for  spare  stock.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered 
.1  inch.  It  is  fastened  above  the  spare  stock  hook,  by  the  middle 
groove  bolt. 

One  spare  stock  stirrup.    The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  inch. 
It  is  fastened  to  the  front  stud,  on  the  right  side  of  the  wagon,  by 
the  two  lower  groove  bolts. 
8— Part  2. 


5^  PART   2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

The  hook  and  stirrup  carry  a  spare  stgck  (ironed)  for  the  bat- 
tery wagon;  the  nut  which  holds  the  button  may  be  loosened,  if 
necessary  for  turning  the  button,  in  order  to  take  out  the  stock. 

Four  grooves,  for  wagon  ends,  (sheet  iron,  No.  7.)  The  outer 
edges  are  chamfered  .  15  inch.  The  grooves  are  fastened  to  the 
sides  of  the  wagon  body,  at  the  ends,  each  by  three  bolts  which 
also  hold  the  front  and  rear  side  studs. 

Two  assembling  bolts,  for  lower  side  rails.  They  pass  through 
the  end  cross  bars,  lengthways;  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Twelve  bolts,  for  grooves  and  side  studs.  The  heads  are  coun- 
tersunk in  the  bottom  of  the  grooves ;  twelve  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

T/i7'ee  bolts  for  middle  side  studs ;  three  washei's  and  three  nuts 
for  the  same. 

One  turnbuckle  bolt;  one  washer  and  one  nut  for  the  same. 

One  turnbuckle,  (brass,)  riveted  on  the  head  of  the  bolt. 

One  hook,  for  cover  prop.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered 
.  1  inch.  It  passes  through  the  upper  side  rail  and  the  forward 
middle  stud,  on  the  left  side  of  the  wagon,  and  is  riveted  on  a 
burr  let  into  the  inside  of  the  rail. 

One  eye  pin,  for  cover  hasp.  It  passes  through  the  upper  rail 
and  the  rear  middle  stud,  on  the  left  side,  and  is  riveted  on  a  burr 
let  into  the  inside  of  the  rail. 

Two  stays,  for  the  upper  rails.  The  outer  edges  are  rounded 
.  1  inch.  The  stays  are  riveted  to  the  ends  of  the  wagon  body, 
and  their  rings  are  fastened  on  the  round  tenons  at  the  ends  of 
the  rails  hj  four  screws. 

Two  end  studs.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  The 
studs  are  fastened  to  the  ends  of  the  wagon,  each  by  three  rivets, 
one  of  which  passes  also  through  the  stay.  The  front  end  stud  is 
fastened  to  the  front  cross  bar  by  one  bolt,  the  head  of  which  is 
let  into  the  bottom  of  the  cross  bar.  The  lower  end  of  the  rear 
stud  forms  a  bolt  which  passes  through  the  rear  cross  bar.  One 
washer  and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 


BATTERY    WAGON.  59 

One  mortise  plate.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  inch. 
The  plate  is  fastened  on  the  front  of  the  axle  body  by  eight  screws. 

One  axletree,  like  that  of  the  6-poimder  gun  carriage. 

Two  under  straps.     The  ouler  edges  are  chamfered  .15  inch. 

Four  bolts,  for  under  straps.  The  heads  are  let  into  the  upper 
side  of  the  rails.      Two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

One  bolt,  for  front  end  of  right  side  rail.  Two  washers  and  one 
nut  for  the  same. 

Two  bolts,  for  lock  chain  bridle;  at  the  front  end  of  the  left  side 
rail.     The  head  of  one  of  these  bolts  is  let  into  the  rail. 

One  lock  chain  bridle,  like  that  of  the  caisson.     Plate  III. 

One  lock  chain.     Plate  III. 

One  washer  and  two  nuts,  for  bolts  of  lock  chain  bridle. 

One  lock  chain  hook;  fastened  to  the  left  side  rail  by  two  nails. 

Two  rivets,  for  the  front  end  of  the  stock. 

One  lunette,  like  that  for  the  caisson.     Plate  IV. 

Two  bolts  and  twelve  nails,  for  lunette.  Two  nuts  for  lunette 
bolts. 

Two  wheel  guard  plates,  like  those  for  caisson.  Plate  IV.  They 
are  fastened  to  the  stock,  each  by  Jive  nails. 

One  stock  stirrup;  outer  edges  chamfered  .  15  inch. 

Two  bolts,  for  stock  stirrup.  Their  heads  are  let  into  the  upper 
side  of  the  front  cross  bar.     Two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  bolts,  for  connecting  the  stock  with  the  forward  middle 
cross  bars.  Their  heads  are  let  into  the  middle  floor  board.  Two 
washers  and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  washer  plates,  for  the  side  rails.  They  are  let  into  the  out- 
side of  the  rails,  at  the  rear  ends,  and  are  fastened  each  by  two 
screws;  the  holes  in  these  plates  are  .75  inch  square,  to  receive 
the  square  parts  of  the  forage  back  bolts. 

Two  forage  rack  chains.  Each  chain  consists  of  one  ring,  thirty- 
two  links  No.  4,  and  one  hook;  the  ring  is  welded  into  the  eye  of 
the  rear  stud  on  the  wagon  body. 


60  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Two  forage  rack  bands.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  inch. 
They  are  fastened  to  the  sides  of  the  forage  rack,  each  by  one  rivet 
and  eleven  screws. 

Four  washer  plates^  for  sides  of  forage  rack.  The  edges  of  the 
outside  washers  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  The  inside  washers  are 
let  into  the  wood.  They  are  fastened  hy  four  rivets,  two  for  each 
pair  of  washers. 

Two  forage  rack  bolts.    Two  washers  and  two  nuts  for  the  same. 

Two  shoulder  washers,  for  axletree. 

Two  linch  washers. 

Two  linch  pins. 

Two  wheels,  No  1. 

Wagon  cover. 

Four  corner  squares.  Their  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  inch. 
They  are  fastened  on  the  inside  corners  of  the  cover  frame  by 
sixteen  screws. 

Two  end  bows.  The  lower  ends  are  inserted  in  mortises  in  the 
cover  rails  and  are  held  by  the  joint  bolts.  The  cover  boards  and 
the  end  studs  are  riveted  to  these  bows,  as  before  mentioned. 
The  heads  of  the  rivets  rest  on  the  wood,  and  the  rivetings  are 
countersunk  in  the  bows. 

Four  joint  bolts,  for  cover  frame.  They  pass  through  the  cover 
rails  and  the  end  bows ;  the  heads  are  let  into  the  rails,  the  bolts 
being  turned  in  with  a  screw  driver.  Four  nuts  for  these  bolts 
are  let  into  the  end  rails  of  the  cover  from  the  under  side. 

Two  middle  bows.  The  ends  are  inserted  in  mortises  in  the 
cover  rails,  to  which  they  are  fastened  by  four  rivets;  the  heads 
of  the  rivets  are  let  in  on  the  inside  of  the  rails.  The  cover  boards 
are  fastened  to  each  of  these  bows  by  two  screws  in  each  board; 
the  heads  of  the  screws  are  countersunk  on  the  inside  of  the  bows. 

Two  plates  and  staples,  for  cover  prop  and  hasp.  The  edges  of 
the  plates  are  chamfered  .1  inch.     The  staples  are  riveted  into 


BATTERY    WAGON.  61 

the  plates  which  are  fastened  to  the  left  cover  rail,  each  by  one 
rivet  and  one  screw;  these  rivets  are  the  same  that  fasten  the  left 
ends  of  the  middle  bows. 

One  cover  prop.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  It 
is  fastened  into  the  front  staple  on  the  left  side  of  the  cover.  The 
prop  keeps  the  cover  closed^  by  means  of  the  turnbuckle  bolt;  it 
also  serves  to  raise  the  cover  and  keep  it  open,  the  slot  at  the 
lower  end  of  the  prop  resting  for  that  purpose  on  the  hook  in  the 
upper  rail  of  the  wagon  body. 

One  hasp.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  It  is  fast- 
ened into  the  rear  staple  on  the  left  side  of  the  cover,  and  serves 
for  locking  up  the  wagon  body,  by  putting  a  padlock  into  the  eye 
of  the  pin  over  which  the  hasp  falls. 

Three  hinges.  One  of  the  hinge  plates  is  made  with  a  bar;  the 
other  has  an  eye  which  is  coldshut  round  the  bar.  The  edges 
of  the  plates  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  They  are  fastened  on  the 
right  side  of  the  wagon;  the  eye  plates  each  with  two  rivets  to  the 
cover  rail,  and  the  other  plates  each  with  two  bolts  to  the  upper 
rail  of  the  body. 

One  roof  covering,  (canvas.)  The  canvas  should  be  very 
strong  and  in  one  piece,  if  practicable ;  or  else  in  three  pieces, 
with  the  seams  running  lengthways  of  the  cover ;  it  should  be 
well  painted,  (in  the  same  manner  as  tarpaulins,)  and  the  cover 
boards  should  have  a  coat  of  paint  before  the  canvas  is  nailed  on. 

The  canvas  is  fastened  with  copper  tacks  to  the  cover  rails  and 
to  the  end  boards,  as  represented  in  the  plates ;  a  strip  of  canvas 
is  also  nailed  on  the  end  rails,  to  cover  the  joints  between  them 
and  the  ends  of  the  body. 

Pieces  of  leather  are  nailed  on,  before  the  canvas,  over  the 
hinges  and  the  staple  plates,  to  protect  the  canvas  from  being 
rubbed  by  those  irons.  Strips  of  leather  are  put  on  under  the 
heads  of  the  tacks  which  fasten  the  canvas. 


^  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Limber  chest. 

This  chest  is  like  that  for  the  limber  of  the  forge,  with  the  ad- 
dition of  one  principal  partition,  (walnut,)  which  is  placed  par- 
allel to  the  sides  of  the  chest  and  slides  in  two  grooves,  (sheet 
IRON,  No.  13,)  which  are  fastened  to  the  ends  of  the  chest,  each 
by  five  screws,  No.  14,  .75  inch  long;  the  outer  edges  of  the 
grooves  are  rounded;  the  screw  holes  are  countersunk  in  the 
bottom  of  the  grooves. 

The  battery  wagon  carries  tools,  spare  parts  of  carriages,  spare 
harness  and  other  stores  for  the  service  of  a  battery  in  the  field. 

For  the  interior  arrangement  of  the  body  and  limber  chest,  see 
Part  12. 


BATTERY    WAGON. 


63 


Bolts  for  battery  wagon. 


DESIGNATION. 

1 

1 

Kind. 

4 

c 

WASHERS. 

REMARKS. 

Head 

Nul. 

In. 

For  assembling  the  lower  C 

1 

No.  4.  A. 

40.3 

- 

- 

rails   -----     ( 

1 

do. 

39.75 

- 

- 

"    middle  side  studs  -    -    - 

3 

do. 

4.68 

- 

3 

"    end  grooves  and  side 
studs  -    -    -    -    - 

6 

4 
2 

No.  1.  C. 

do. 
do. 

2.7 

2.07 

2.45 

- 

- 

"    lunette .| 

1 

1 

N0.3.D. 
do. 

4.75 
6.2 

- 

- 

"    front  of  right  lower  rail 

1 

do. 

5.1 

1 

1 

^ 

"   lock  chain  bridle     - 

1 
1 

do. 
N0.3.B. 

5.45 
5.38 

1 

- 

«*    front  end  stud     -    -    - 

1 

do. 

5.88 

- 

- 

•'    under  straps   -    -    -    - 

4 

No.  4.  B. 

7.0 

- 

- 

"    stock  stirrup   -    -    -    - 

2 

do. 

6.15 

- 

- 

"    stock  and  cross  bars 

2 

do. 

10.68 

- 

2 

"    hinges   ------ 

6 

No.  1.  B. 

2.67 

- 

- 

♦•   joints  of  cover  frame     - 
♦*    rear  end  stud  -    -    -    - 
"    turnbuckle  -    -    -    -    - 

4 

1 
1 

No.  1. 
No.  3. 
No.  4. 

4.0 
3.75 

4.68 

- 

«■ 
1 

Nuts  not  cham- 
fered. 

See  Plate  XXIV. 

"    forage  rack     -    -    -    - 

2 

do. 

6.8 

- 

2^ 

64  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES, 

Rivets,  nails  and  screws  for  battery  wagon. 


DESIGNATION. 


Rivets. 

For  lower  rails  -    -    -    -    - 

•'    stock      ------ 

"   middle  bows   and  right 
cover  rail      -    -    -    - 

"    middle  bows  and  staple 
plates  ------ 

"    hinges    ------ 

"    side  and  end  studs    -    - 
"    right  side  studs  and  up- 
per rails  -    -    -    -    - 

"  washers  of  forage  rack  - 
"  forage  rack  bands  -  - 
"  end  studs  and  cover  bows 
"  end  bows  &  cover  boards 
"  hook  for  cover  prop  -  - 
"    eye  pin  for  hasp   -    -    - 


J^ails. 

For  floor  boards     -    -    -  - 

"    lock  chain  hook    -    -  - 

"    lunette  plates    -    -    -  - 

*'    wheel  guard  plates    -  - 

"    cover  boards  and  ends  - 

"    side  of  till 

"    canvas  coverine:    -    -  - 


Screws. 

For  the  mortise  plate  -  -  - 
"  upper  rails  and  stays  - 
"    washers  for  forage  rack 

bolts 

"    cleats  for  till    -    -    -    - 

♦'    corner  squares  of  cover  < 

"  forage  rack  bands  -  - 
"  ends  of  cover  -  -  -  - 
"  hasp  plates  -  -  -  -  - 
"  middle  bows  and  cover 
boards 


36 
2 
12 
10 
36 
11 
264 


Kind. 


No.  3.  B. 
do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

N0.3.D. 

do. 

N0.2.D 

No.  2. 

do. 

No.l.H 

No.  3. 

do. 


No.  1.  C 

do. 
No.  2.  C, 

do. 

4d. 

8d. 
12  oz. 


8 

No.  14. 

4 

do. 

4 

do. 

6 

do. 

12 

do. 

4 

do. 

22 

do. 

14 

No.  16. 

2 

do. 

36 

No.  12. 

In. 

4.5 
5.25 

2.5 

2.5 
2.5 

1.88 

2.5 

2.0 

4.5 

3.0 

1.0 

2.13 

2.13 


2.5 
2.5 
3.5 
3.0 


1.25 
1.0 

1.0 

1.5 

1.25 

1.0 

1.0 

1.5 

2.0 

.75 


18 


REMARKS. 


Wire  riveted 
both  ends. 

Plate  XXIV. 


>  Cut  nails. 
Copper  tacks. 


BILLS    OF    TIMBER.  «D 

BILLS  OF  TIMBER  FOR  FIELD  CARRIAGES. 

The  following  tables  show  the  dimensions  and  kind  of  timber 
required  for  each  part  of  the  field  carriages. 

All  the  timber  (except  what  is  directed  to  be  split  out)  should 
be  sawed  to  the  given  dimensions.  If  the  parts  which  are 
directed  to  be  got  more  than  one  in  a  length  should  be  cut  in 
single  pieces,  the  length  of  the  rough  timber  should  be  increased, 
at  the  rate  of  about  one  inch  to  the  foot;  but  in  all  cases  the  con- 
tents of  the  piece  are  estimated  by  the  dimensions  given  in  the 
table. 

The  oak  timber  should  be  of  the  best  quality  of  white  oak, 
tough,  straight-grained,  sound,  and  free  from  centre  heart,  sap, 
knots,  splits,  warps,  or  other  defects.  The  axle  bodies  are  got 
from  quartered  sticks,  free  from  centre  heart. 

The  walnut  should  be  of  the  best  quality  of  black  walnut. 

The  jjoplar  should  be  of  the  best  yellow  poplar. 

The  walnut,  poplar,  and  white  pine,  must  be  all  clear  stuff, 
free  from  sap  and  centre  heart. 

The  hickory  must  be  tough,  young,  and  straight-grained,  and 
free  from  centre  heart. 

In  making  bills  for  getting  out  timber,  the  fractional  dimen- 
sions should  be  expressed  in  vulgar  fractions. 


Part  2.-9 


m 


PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 


Bills  of  timber 


NAMES  OF  FARTS. 


DIMENSIONS  OF  EACH  PIECE. 


Long.    Wide.    Thick 


Long.  Wide.  Thick 


Gun  carriages. 

For  6  pr.  gun    i  Stock 

and  I  Cheeks 

12  pr.  howitzer.  (  Axle  body. 


For  12  pr.  gun  C  Stock 

and  <  Cheeks 

32  pr.  howitzer.  (  Axle  body. 


For^^  pounder  S^^l^^-- 
howitzer.        ^  Axle  body. 
Wheels. 


Nave   ^^''■^' 
Spokes.  I  No.  1. 


FelUes. 


No.  1, 

No.  2. 


Axle  body 

Hounds 

Fork 

Splinter  bar 

Brackets 

Front  foot  board 

Rear  foot  board 

(  Large  end 

I  Small  end 

Pole  prop 

Ammunition  chest. 

Ends 

Sides 

Principal  partition 


Pole. 


Cover  frame. 


(Si 
\  Knds 

Bottom 

Pannel  for  cover 

Cover  lining 


Sides 2 


,1  1 


In. 

92.1 

34. 

45.9 


99.1 

45.75 

45.9 


99.1 

40.75 

45.9 


13.75 
26.25 
24.3 


45.82 
51.7 
35.25 
66.05 
8.55 
43.55 
43.55 

125. 

25.25 


20. 

42. 

18.5 

44. 

19.5 

40.75 

38.5 

40.5 


In. 

8.25 
12.5 
6. 


10. 
14.85 
6. 


9.2 

14.38 

6, 


(12. 
2.75 

5.7 

6. 


8. 

3.5 

8.25 

3.38 

2.3 

8. 

4.5 

3.25 

2.25 

1.87 


16. 
16. 
14.75 
3.25 
3.25 
18.75 
16.5 
18.5 


In. 

3.8 
2.8 
5. 


5.08 
3.25 
6. 


4.83 

3.1 

6. 


Round 
Do. 
(1.3 
il.5 

2.95 


5.25 

2.5 

3. 

2.75 
1.6 
0.85 
.85 
3.25 
2.25 
Round 


In. 

100 
40 
50 


108 
50 
50 


108 
50 
50 


50 
56 
40 
72 

46 
46 

132 

30 


22 
44 
22 

69 

44 
42 
42 


In. 

9.25 
13.5 

7. 


11. 
16. 

7. 


11. 
16. 

7. 


14. 
3.5 

7. 


9. 
4.5 
9.25 
4.25 

8.75 

5. 

4.5 

3.25 

2.25 


17. 
17. 
17. 

3.75 

20. 

17.5 

20. 


In. 

4.5 
3.5 
6. 


5.75 
4. 

7. 


5.75 
4. 

7. 


Round 

2. 

3.5 


6. 

3.25 
4. 
3.5 


1.13 

1.13 

4.5 

3.25 

2.25 


1.31 
1.31 
1.31 

2. 

1.31 

2. 

0.5 


BILLS    OF   TIMBER. 


67 


for  field  carriages. 


CON'TENTS  OF 
ROUGH  TIMBER. 

Kind  of 
wood. 

REMARKS. 

Each 
piece. 

Total. 

Sup.  feet. 

28.90 
13.12 
14.58 

47.44 

22.22 
17.01 

47.44 
22.22 
17.01 

17.09 
1.55 
4.59 

18.75 
5.68 

10.27 
7.43 

3T14 

1.86 

14.11 
1.05 

3.40 
6.80 
3.40 

3.59 

8.00 

10.21 

2.91 

Sup.  feet. 

57.80 
26.24 
14.58 

Oak. 
Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 

Oak  or  ash 

Hickory. 

Walnut. 
Do. 
Do. 

Do. 

Oak. 

\  Poplar. 

2  or  3  to  be  got  in  one  length. 
2  in  one  length. 

98.62 

94.88 
44.44 
17.01 

2  in  one. 
Do. 

156.33 

94.88 
44.44 
17.01 

\  Rough  timber,  the  same  as  for  12  pr.  carriage. 

156.33 

17.09 
21.70 
32.13 

Butt  cuts,  bored  with  U  in.  auger. 

Splitfrombutts  of  tough, straight-grained  wood, 

J  May  be  in  planks  5  or  6  fellies  in  length,  and 
\      7  in.  or  11  in.  wide. 

70.92 

18.75 

11.36 

10.27 

7.43 

3.14 

1.86 

14.11 
1.05 

2  in  one. 
Do. 
Do.' 

Do. 
Obtained  from  cuttings  of  other  pieces, 
2  in  one. 

Do. 

Taken  from  the  butts  of  tough,  straight  wood, 
To  be  split  out. 

67.97 

6.80 

13.60 

3.40 

7.18 

8.00 

10.21 

2.91 

4  in  one  length. 
2  in  one. 
4  in  one. 

2  pieces,  each  69  inches  long, 

2  in  one  length;  or  in  2  pieces,  each  11  in.  wide. 
(  2  or  3  in  one  piece. 
\         Do.         Do. 

52.10 

PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Bills  of  timber  for  field  carriages- 


NAME8  OF  PARTS. 


Caisson. 

Middle  rail 

Side  rails 

Stock 

Axle  body 

Cross  bar 

Foot  board  bolster 

Front  foot  board 

Rear  foot  board 

Forge — Body. 

Side  rails 

Middle  rail 

Stock 

Axle  body 

Front  cross  bar 

Rear  middle  cross  bar.. 
Front  middle  cross  bar. 

Rear  cross  bar 

Floor  boards 

Roof  bows 

Corner  studs 

Side  studs 

Plates 

Front  end  stud 

Front  of  iron  room .... 

Rear  of  iron  room 

Lining  of  iron  room. . . 

Cleats  for  grooves 

Braces 

Front  end  of  roof 

Rear  end  of  roof. 

Cap  for  coal  box 

Boards  for  sides 

Boards  for  roof. 

Boards  for  sliding  cover 

Prop  for  stock 

Bellows  pole 


OIMENSIOKS  OF  EACH  PIECE. 


Long.     Wide.    Thick 


In. 

68.4 

72.3 

78.1 

45.7 

35. 

12. 

37.55 

37.55 


87.9 

45.5 

83.9 

45.76 

36. 

36. 

36. 

36. 

43.5 

38. 

31.25 

31.25 

42. 

19.5 

36. 

32. 

40.5 

41.5 

44.25 

38. 

38. 

33. 

39. 

43. 

32. 

25.25 

53. 


In. 

5. 

4.25 

5. 

5. 

3.5 

3.5 

6.7 

4.25 


4. 
4. 
5. 

6.25 
3.1 
3. 
9. 
2.5 
7. 
3. 
3. 
2.5 
2.5 
5. 
8.5 
2. 
7.5 
1.5 
3.25 
9. 
11. 
2. 
5.9 
6.5 
7.25 
1.88 
1.63 


In. 

4. 

2.5 

4. 

5. 

2.25 

1. 

1.75 

1. 


3. 

3.5 

4. 

5. 

3. 

3. 

3.13 

2.5 

1. 

1. 

2. 

2. 

2. 

1. 

1. 

1. 

0.75 

0.75 

1.75 

1.5 

1.5 

1. 

0.5 

.5 

.5 

Round 

Do. 


Long.  Wide.  Thick 


In. 

76 

78 
84 
50 
40 
14 
42 
42 


96 
50 
90 
50 
40 
40 
40 
40 
48 
42 
36 
36 
46 
22 
40 
36 
44 
44 
48 
42 
42 
36 
42 
46 
36 
30 
57 


In. 

5.75 

5. 

6. 

6. 

4. 

4. 

7.5 

5. 


4.75 

4.75 

6. 

7.25 

3.5 

3.5 
10. 

3. 

8. 

9. 

3.5 

3. 

3. 

6. 

9.5 

3. 

8.5 

2. 

4. 
10. 
12. 

2.5 

7. 

7. 

8. 

2.25 

2. 


In. 

4.75 

3.25 

4.75 

6. 

3. 

1.25 

2.13 

1.25 


3.75 
4.25 
4.75 
6. 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3. 

1.25 
1.25 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1. 
1. 
2. 

1.75 
1.75 
1.25 
0.75 
.75 
.75 
2.25 
2. 


BILLS    OF    TIMBER. 


b9 


Continued. 


CONTENTS  OP 

ROUGH  TIMBER. 

Kind  of 

wood. 

REMARKS. 

Each 

!  Total. 

piece. 

1 

Sup.  feet. 

Sup.  feet. 

14.41 

14.41 

Oak. 

8.79 

17.58 

Do. 

16.62 

16.62 

Do. 

12.50 

12.50 

Do. 

2  in  one  length. 

3.33 

3.33 

Do. 

In  plank,  2  in  length  and  2  or  3  in 

width. 

.48 

.48 

Do. 

in  plank,  10  in  one  piece. 

4.65 

!      4.65 

Do. 

2  in  one  length. 

1.82 
11.87 

1.82 

Do. 
Oak. 

Do. 

71.39 

23.74 

7.01 

7.01 

Do. 

2  in  one  length. 

17.81 

17.81 

Do. 

15.10 

15.10 

Do. 

2  in  one. 

3.40 

3.40 

Do. 

Plank,  2  in  length  and  2  in  width. 

3.40 

3.40 

Do. 

Do.             Do.             Do. 

9.72 

9.72 

Do. 

Do.  2  in  one  piece. 

2.50 

2.50 

Do. 

Do.  6  in  one  piece. 

3.33 

13.32 

Do. 

Do.  2  in  one. 

3.28 

6.56 

Do. 

Do.  2  in  one. 

2.19 

8.75 

Do. 

Do.  4  in  one. 

1.88 

3.75 

Do. 

Do.  6  in  one. 

2.39 

4.78 

Do. 

Do.  6  in  one. 

1.14 

1.14 

Do. 

Do.  8  in  one. 

3.30 

3.30 

Do. 

Do.  2  in  one. 

0.94 

.94 

Do. 

,  Do.  8  in  one. 

2.59 

5.18 

Do. 

Do.  2  in  one. 

0.61 

1.22 

Do. 

Do.  6  in  one. 

2.67 

5.34 

Do 

Do.  4  in  one. 

5.10 

5.10 

Walnut. 

Do.  2  in  one. 

6.13 

12.25 

Do. 

Do.  2  in  one. 

0.78 

.78 

Do. 

Do.  8  in  one. 

1.53 

15.30 

White  pine. 

Do.  3  in  one  length. 

1.68 

11.75 

Do. 

Do.            Do. 

1.50 

9. 

Do. 

Do.            Do. 

1.05 

1.05 

Hickory. 

Split  out. 

1.58 

1.58^ 
193.77 

Do. 

Do. 

n 


FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Bills  of  timber  for  field  carriages — 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Forge — Bellows. 

Upper  and  lower  planks. 

Middle  plank 

Cross  heads 

C  Sides 

Ribs.  <  Ends 

(  Cross  bars 

Cleats 

Valves 

Battens  for  valves 


Coal  box. 

Sides  and  top  piece. 

Ends 

Lid 

Clamps  for  lid 

Bottom 


BATTERY    WAGON — Body. 


Lower  side  rails 2 

Upper  side  rails 2 

Stock 1 

Axle  body 1 

Front  cross  bar 1 

Front  middle  cross  bars 2 

Rear  middle  cross  bar 1 

Rear  cross  bar 1 

Floorboards 3 

Sides  of  body 2 

Side  of  till 1 

Bottom  of  till 1 

Cleats  for  till !  2 

Ends  of  body. i  2 

Forage  rack  sides 
Forage  rack  bars . 


Cover. 


Side  rails 

Ridge  pole.. . 
End  rails.. . . 
End  studs. .. 
End  boards. . 
Roof  boards. 


DIMENSIONS  OF  BACH  PIECE. 


Long:.     Wide.    Thick 


In. 

31. 
41. 

28. 
32.25 

28. 
28. 

7. 

8. 

8. 


33. 

14. 

32.5 

12.9 

32. 


111.25 
103.8 
99. 
45.86 
36.5 
36.5 
34.5 
36.5 
99.25 
101.4 
99.6 
99.1 
10. 
35.7 
31.5 
42.2 


103.8 

103.8 

38.5 

13.5 

39. 

103.8 


In. 

14. 
14. 

3. 

2.75 

2.75 

2. 

2.75 

8. 

4. 


22.5 
22.5 
12.9 
2. 
14. 


5.75 

2.25 

5. 

5.25 

5. 

3.75 

3.25 

3.25 
10.5 
20. 
10:5 

9. 

1.25 
22. 

5. 

2.75 


2. 
2. 
2. 
2. 

12.5 
5.5 


In. 

1.5 
1.75 
2.38 
.75 
.75 
.75 
.75 
.5 
.4 


1. 

1. 

0.9 

0.9 

1. 


3.25 

2. 

5. 

5.25 

4.25 

3.25 

2. 


.6 
.75 


2. 
2. 
2. 
1. 
1. 
0.5 


Long.  Wide.  Thick 


In. 

34 
44 
32 
36 
32 
32 

9 
9 


36 
16 
36 
14 
36 


116 

108 

108 

50 

40 

40 

38 

40 

106 

108 

104 

104 

40 
36 
46 


108 
108 
42 
18 
42 
108 


In. 

15. 
15. 

3.5 

3. 

3. 

2.25 

9. 
4.5 


24. 
24. 
14. 
2.5 
15. 


6.5 

3. 

6. 

6.25 

5.5 

4.25 

4. 

4. 

11.5 
21.5 
11.5 
10. 

24. 
5.5 
3.25 


3. 
3. 
3. 
2.5 
13.5 
7. 


In. 

2. 
2. 
3. 
1. 
1. 
1. 

0.75 
.75 


1.38 
1.38 
1.25 
1.25 
1.31 


4. 

3. 

6. 

6.25 

5. 

4. 

2.5 

3.5 

1.25 

1.38 

1.25 

1.25 

1.38 

2. 

1. 


3. 

3. 

3. 

1.5 

1.25 

0.75 


BILLS    OF    TIMBER. 


71 


Continued. 


CONTENTS  OF 
ROUGH  TIMBER. 


Each 
piece. 


Total. 


Kind  of 
wood. 


Sup.  feet. 

7.08 
9.17 
2.33 
0.75 
0.67 
0.50 

0.42 
0.21 


8.28 
3.68 
4.37 
.30 
4.91 


20.94 

6.75 

27.00 

13.56 

7.64 

4.72 

2.64 

3.88 

10.58 

22.25 

10.. 38 

9.02 

9.20 
2.75 
1.03 


6.75 
6.75 
2.63 
0.47 
4.91 
3.94 


Sup.  feet 

28.32 
18.34 
4.66 
3.00 
1.34 
1.00 

.84 
.42 


57.92 


16.56 

7.36 

4.37 

.60 

4.91 


33.80 


41.88 

13.50 

27.00 

13.56 

7.64 

9.44 

2.64 

3.88 

31.74 

44.50 

10.38 

9.02 

18.40 
5.50 
1.03 


240.11 

13.5 

6.75 

5.25 

.94 

9.82 

35.44 

71.70 


Poplar. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
Walnut. 

Do. 


Walnut. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
Oak. 


Oak. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 

Wh.  pine 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Walnut. 
Oak. 
Do. 


Oak. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Walnut. 
Wh.  pine. 


3  or  4  in  one. 
2  or  3  in  one. 
Scantling ;  4  in  one  piece. 

/  May  be  got  in  boards  12  inches  wide  and  11 
I      feet  long,  making  2  sets. 

Obtained  from  cuttings  of  the  ribs. 
A  board  13.5  inches  wide  and  9  feet  long 
makes  12  of  each. 


}  )  May  be  in  one  plank  8  feet  8  inches  long,  or 
\      in  two  of  half  that  length. 
2  or  3  in  one  piece. 

A  plank  9  ft.  long,  10  in.  wide  makes  32  clamps. 
2  or  3  in  one  piece. 


2  in  one  length. 
2  or  3  in  one. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 


Obtained  from  cuttings  of  sides  of  body. 

2  in  one. 

4  in  one  plank. 

6  in  one  board. 


2  in  one  piece. 
12  in  one  piece . 
2  in  one. 


72 


PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Bills  of  iron  for  field  gun  carriages. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


1  lock  chain  bolt. 


2  trail  handles 

2  bolts  for  handles 

S  head  ) 
\  body  S 

1  eye  plate  for  lock  chain , 

1  lock  chain , 

1  tog-sjle  for  lock  chain , 

1  axietree (draft.) 

1  lunette (draft.) 

1  steel  for  lunette 

1  trail  plate 

1  large  pointing  ring 

1  plate  for  large  pointing  ring. . . 

1  rivet  for  large  pointing  ring.. . 

*2  bolts  for  large  pointing  ring. . . 

1  small  pointing  ring 

*2  bolts  for  small  pointing  ring. . 

2  wheel  guard  plates 

2  prolonge  hooks 

1  stop  for  rammer  and  sponge. . 

1  ear  plate  for  worm 

1  key  for  worm 

1  eye  plate  for  implement  chain . 

2  implement  chains  I  Ij^^^^Pf;,;^;; 

2  stud  plates 

2  studs 

2  hasp  plates 

2  trunnion  plates. .  .;_draft)  or. 
*4  end  pieces  for  trunnion  plates 

2  chin  bolts ^^^''^'^• 


2  key  bolts. 


6  cheek  bolts. 


(  body. . 

<  head.. . 

I  body. . 

I  head.. . 

I  body. . 

2  washers  for  chin  bolts 

2  cap  squares (draft)  or . . 

2  cap  square  keys 

2  D  rings 

4  staples  for  D  rings 

1  linstock  socket 


FOR  6  POUNDER  GUN. 


Wide. 


Thick. 


In. 

1.5 
1. 

1.5 

3.25 
.375 
1.5 


1. 
5.5 
2. 
2. 

.5 

.625 
1.5 

.625 
5. 
2. 

3.75 
3.75 
1. 
1.375 

.2 
1.375 
1. 

.5 
1.75 
2.5 
2.75 
1.5 

.75 
1.5 

.75 
1.5 

.75 
2.5 
2.5 
1.5 

.5 

.75 
3.75 


In. 

0.625 
Round 

Round 

.375 
Round 
.5 


.375 
.2 
1. 
1.25 

Round 

Round 
1.5 

Round 
.25 
.75 
.2 
.25 
.375 
.25 

Round 
.05 
1. 

Round 

.25 

1.5 

.5 

.75 

Round 
.75 

Round 

Round 

Round 
.875 
1.25 
.38 

Round 
.375 
,15 


Long. 


In. 

20. 
12. 


'•1 


3.5 

170. 
4. 


2.5 

18. 

6. 

4.5 

2. 
12.8 

7. 

15.9 
10. 
11. 

5.25 

4.5 

2.75 

4. 
56. 
36. 

7. 

1.5 
11. 
20. 
44. 

7. 
23. 

7. 
17. 
12. 
46.8 

4. 
18. 

5.5 
27. 
16. 

6. 


FOR  24  PR.  HOWITZER 


Wide.  Thick 


In 

1.5 
1. 
2. 
1. 

3.25 
.375 
1.5 


1. 
6. 
2. 
2. 

.5 

.625 
1.5 

.625 
5. 
2. 

3.75 
3.75 
1. 
1.375 

.2 
1.375 
1. 

.5 
1.75 
3. 
3. 
2. 
1. 
2. 
1. 
2. 
1. 

2.75 
3. 
1.75 

.5 

.75 
3.75 


In. 

0.625 
Round 
Round 
Round 
.375 
Round 
.5 


.375 
.2 
1. 

1.25 
Round 
Round 
1.5 
Round 
.25 
.75 
.2 
.25 
.375 
.25 
Round 
.05 
1. 
Round 
.25 
1.5 
.5 
1. 
Round 

1. 
Round 
Round 
Round 
1. 

1.25 
.38 
Round 
,375 
15 


Long, 


In. 

20. 
12.5 
2.5 
7.0 
3.5 
190. 
4. 


2.5 

18. 

6. 

4.5 

2. 
12.9 

7. 

16.9 
10. 
11. 

6.75 

4.5 

2.75 

4. 
72. 
48. 

7. 

1.5 
11. 
28. 
52. 

7. 
29.0 

7. 
22.5 
18.0 
60.0 

4. 
22. 

6. 
27. 
16. 

6. 


BILLS   OF  IRON. 

Bills  of  iron  for  field  gun  carriages. 


73 


NAMES    OF    PARTS. 


3  assembl'g  bolts 


fNo.5 

No.  4 


{  head. 
I  body 

head. 

body 

1  washer  hook  for  lock  chain  . . . 

2  handspike  hooks. . . .  |  \^^^^^^  _ 

*2  understraps 

2  implement  hooks 

*1  axle  strap 

3  bolts  for  axle  strap  . .  <  Uf^A^ 

1  bevel  washer  for  axle  strap  bul 

2  axle  l)ands 

2  bolts  for  elevating  screw  box.. 
1  elevating  screw 

1  handle  for  elevating  screw 

2  shoulder  washers 

2  linch  washers 

2  linch  pins 

8  nuts  No.  3 

17  nuts  No.  4 

3  nuts  No.  4 

14  nuts  No.  5 

2  washers  No.  3 

8  wa.shers  No.  4 

8  washers  No.  5 

16  nails  No.  1 

32  nails  No.  2,  C 

12  nails  No.  2,  D 

3  key  chains,  No.  1 

2  cap  square  chains,  No.  2. 
6  rings  No.  1,  B 

4  rings  No.  2,  B 

5  eye  pins  No.  1 

2  eye  pins  No.  2 


1  box  for  elevating  screw. . 

2  turnbuckles  for  implement 
6  rondelles 


6    POUNDER    GUN. 


Wide. 

Thick. 

In. 

In. 

2. 

Round 

1. 

Round 

1.5 

Round 

.75 

Round 

1.5 

.5 

1.5 

.5 

.5 

Round 

2.75 

.5 

.5 

Round 

2.75 

.5 

1.5 

Round 

.75 

Round 

1.5 

.5 

1.5 

.25 

.625 

Round 

2. 

Round 

2.5 

1.75 

1.25 

.5 

1. 

.5 

1.25 

.75 

1.25 

.625 

1.5 

.75 

i. 

.125 

2.5 

.19 

,25 

.25 

.3 

.3 

.375 

Round 

.15 

Round 

.2 

Round 

.2 

Round 

.25 

Round 

.875 

Round 

1. 

Round 

In. 

2.5 
14. 

4. 
27.5 

3. 

6. 

8. 
50. 
48. 
28.75 

6. 
16. 

1. 
45. 
20.5 
15. 

6. 
26. 
18. 

8.5 
10. 
25.5 


4. 
20. 

26.5 

94.5 

45. 

33.75 

27.5 

18. 

13. 

7.75 

5. 


24  PR.  HOWITZER. 


Cast  brass. 

Do. 
Cast  iron. 


Wid( 


In. 

2. 
1. 


1.5 
1.5 

.5 
3. 

.5 
3. 
1.5 

.75 

1.5 

.625 
2. 
2.5 
1.25 
1. 

1.25 
1.25 

1.5 

2. 
2. 

3.25 
.25 
.3 


Thick 


In. 

Round 
Round 


.5 
.5 

Round 

.5 
Round 

.5 
Round 
Round 

.25 

Round 

Rouno 

1.75 

.5 

.5 

.75 

.625 

.75 
1. 
.125 

.19 
.25 
.3 


.375  Round 


.15 
.2 
.2 
.25 


Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 


.875  Round 
1.        Round 


Part  2—10 


It 


PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 


For  the  12  pounder  gun  carriage  the  bill  of  h-on  is  the  same  as 
for  the  24  pounder  howitzer,  with  the  exception  of  the  items  mark- 
ed *,  the  dimensions  of  which  for  the  12  pounder  gun  are  as  follows; 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


2  bolts  for  large  pointing  ring. 
2  bolts  for  small  pointing  ring. 
4  trunnion  plates,  (end  pieces) 

2  understraps 

1  axle  strap 


Width. 


Thickness. 


In. 
0.625 

.625 
3.25 
3.2 
3.2 


Length. 


In. 
Round 
Round 

.5 

.5 

.5 


In. 
14.7 
18.1 
60. 
56. 
30.75 


Bill  of  iron  for  field  carriage  wheels. 


NAMES  OP  PARTS. 


One  wheel. 


2  brow  bands 

2  end  bands 

12  nails  No.  1 

1  tire. 

7  tire  bolts 

7  washers 

7  nuts 

1  nave  box,  (cast  iron) . 


No.  1 

,  6  POUNDER.     1 

Wide.  JThick. 

Long. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

1.25 

0.25 

70. 

1.5 

0.25 

56. 

0.25 

0.25 

19.5 

2.75 

0.5 

180. 

0.5     Round 

35. 

1.625  0.125 

12.0 

1. 

0.5 

7. 

No.  2,  12  POUNDER. 


Wide.  Thick.  Long 


In. 

1.25 

1.5 

0.25 

2.75 

0.5 

1.625 

1. 


In. 

0.25 
0.25 
0.25 
0.625 
Round 
0.125 
0.5 


In. 

75.5 

64. 
19.5 
180. 
37.8 
12.0 
7. 


Bill  of  iron  for  one  field  carriage  limber. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


4  rivets  for  hounds 

4  washer  plates 

1  pintle  hook (draft.) 

3  bolts  for  pintle  hook 

1  stay  plate 

1  pintle  key 

1  tar  bucket  hook 

2  bolts  for  axle  body  and  hounds 

4  under  strap  bolts 

2  under  straps 

2  axle  bands 

2  end  bands  for  splinter  bar 


Width 


Thickness. 


in. 

0.375 
1.5 


In. 
Round 
.125 


.75 

Round 

2.75 

.5 

1.625 

Round 

1. 

.25 

.625 

Round 

1.25 

Round 

2.5 

.5 

1.25 

.25 

1.5 

.5 

Length. 


In. 
11. 
12. 

27. 

6.5 

9. 

5. 
21.5 
13. 
46. 
42. 
14. 


BILLS    OF    IRON.  76 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  field  carriage  limber — Continued. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


2  bolts  for  hounds  and  splinter  bar 

1  eye  plate  for  pole  prop  socket 

1  eye  for  pole  prop  socket 

2  middle  bands 

4  trace  hooks 

1  fork  strap 

2  splinter  bar  and  fork  bolts , 

1  pole  prop  socket 

1  ferrule 

1  toggle  for  pole  prop  chain 

2  stay  pins 

2  keys  for  stay  pins 

.  1  pole  rivet  No.  3 

1  pole  bolt 

1  pole  strap  and  rin^ 

2  pole  chains  No,  5 

2  lapped  rings  for  pole  chains 

1  muff  for  pole  yoke 

1  collar  for  muff 

2  half  collars  for  pole  yoke 

2  branches  for  pole  yoke 


2  sliding  rings  for  pole  yoke 

2  bolts  for  collar  and  branches 

1  washer  for  muff 

1  key  for  pole  yoke 

2  shoulder  washers 

2  linch  washers 

2  linch  pins 

1  axletree (draft.) 

1  middle  piece  for  axletree 

3  nuts  No.  4 

11  nuts,  No.  3 

2  washers  No   4,  and  4  burrs  No.  2 

8  washers  No.  3 

2  burrs  No.  3 

9  rivets  No.  2 

16  nails  No.  1 

2  nails  No.  2 

2  chains  No.   1 

1  chain  No.  2 

1  chain  No.  3 

5  rings  No.  1 

2  rings  No.   2 i 

2  eye  pins  No.    1 | 

1  eye  pin  No.  3 i 


Width. 


In. 
1. 

1.75 
1.5 
1.5 
1. 

1.75 
1. 
3. 
1.25 

.5 
1.25 
1. 

.5 
1. 
1.5 

.375 

.5 
4.25 

.5 
1.5 
1.25 

.75 
1. 
1. 

.3 

.5 
1.25 
1. 
1.25 

3.5 

1.5 

1.25 

2.5 

2. 

1.25 

.25 

.25 

.3 

.15 

.2 

.25 

.2 

.'25 

.875 


Thickness, 


In. 

Round 

0.5 

.625 

.625 

.5 

.375 
Round 

.625 

.25 

.25 

.5 

.25 
Round 
Round 

.5 
Round 
Rounr 

.25 

.5 

.625 
1.25 
Round 

1. 
Round 

.3 

.5 

.5 

.5 

.75 

2.5 

.75 
.625 
.188 
.125 
.25 
Round 
.25 
.3 
Round 
Round 
Rouni 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 


Length . 


In. 

9. 

6. 

2.5 
11. 
22. 
12. 

9.5 

6. 

6. 

2. 

6. 

6. 

3.5 

6. 

12. 

130.5 

12. 

9. 

9.5 
12. 
12. 
30. 

6. 

5. 
10. 

2. 
26. 
18. 

8.5 

10. 

4.5 
13.75 

6.50 
16. 

2.25 
19.25 
27.5 

4.25 
25. 
27.5 
28. 
16.5 
10. 


76 


PART    2.^FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  ammunition  chest. 


KAMES    OP    PARTS. 


2  corner  plates. , 
6  corner  plates. . 

1  assembline:  bolt 


(  body. 

(  head . 

1  nul  for  assembling  bolt 

1  washer  plate  for  assembling:  bolt 

3s>ay« IS^".'!:: 

2  hinges 

3  hinge  and  hasp  plates 

1  hasp  

1  hasp  strap 

2  handles 

4  plates  for  handles 

8  rivets  No .  3 

9  rivets  No.  2 

1  cover (sheet  copper.) 

1  turnbuckle (cast  brass.) 


Width. 


In. 

9. 
15.5 

0.5 

1. 

1. 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.13 

1.75 

1.5 

0.75 

1. 

0.5 

0.375 
25. 


Thickness .    Length 


In. 

0.1 

0.1 
Round 
Round 

0.5 

0.1 

0.375 

1.5 

0.75 

0.1 

0.75 

0.75 
Round 

1. 
Round 
Round 
No.  24 


In. 

12. 
35. 

18. 

3. 

1. 

2.5 
21. 
12. 
44. 

7.5 

4. 
11. 
50. 
24. 
20. 
18. 
48. 


Bill  of  iron  for  one  caisson. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS, 


1  middle  assembling  bar. . 

2  bolts  for    do 

1  carriage  hook 

1  rear  assembling  bar. . . . 

2  bolts  for    do 

1  bridle 

f  Ibody 

2  ribs 

1  washer 

Spare     3  rivets 

wheel  {  1  chain 

axle.     1  toggle 

2  slays 

1  stay  bolt 

1  foot  bolt 


ends 

middle  piece. 


Width. 


Thickness . 


In. 

3. 

6. 

1. 

1.5 

3. 

1. 

2.3 

4.25 

1. 

5.75 

0.25 

0.375 

1.25 

1.5 

1. 

1. 


Length. 


In. 

0.5 

0.5 
Round 

1.5 

0.5 
Round 

0.25 

1.25 

1. 

0.5 
Round 
Round 

0.625 

0.75 

Round 

Round 


In. 

.32.5 

6. 

6. 
16. 
45. 

7. 

8.25 
18. 
27. 

5.75 

8.5 
23.5 

2.5 
11. 

2.75 

3.125 


BILLS    OF    IRON. 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  caissson — Continued. 


77 


NAMES  OF  FARTS. 


3  foot  board  bolts . » 

1  lock  chain  bridle 

1  lock  chain 

1  tog-gle  for  lock  chain 

1  lock  chain  hook . . » 

1  axletree (draft.) 

2  under  straps 

4  bolts  for  do 

2  axle  bands 

2  rivets  for  stock 

2  burrs        do 

1  lunette draft,  or. 

2  bolts  for    do 

1  key  plate  for  spare  pole 

1  key  for  do 

2  wheel  is:uard  plates 

1  stock  stirrup. 

2  bol  ts  for  do 

1  axle  strap 

1  spare  pole  ring 

1  bolt  for  axle  strap,  (No .  3,  D) 

1     Do.  Do.       (No.3,B) 

8  washer  plates 

4  stay  pins 

4  keys  for  do 

1  rins:  bolt 

2  key  plates  for  shovel  and  handspike. . . 

2  keys 

2  staples  for  tool  handles 

2  shoulder  washers 

2  linch  do 

2  linch  pins 

23  nuts  No.  3 

10  washers  No .  3 

22  nails  No .  2 

32  do.  No.  1 

7  chains  No .  1 

14  rings  No .  1 

7  eye  pins  No .   1 


Width.     Thickness, 


In. 

1. 

1.5 

0.375 

1.5 

1. 

2.5 

1.25 

1.5 

0.5 

1.125 

3.5 

1. 

2. 

1.25 

4. 

2.5 

1. 

2.5 

1.5 

1. 

1.25 

1.5 

1.25 

1. 

1. 

3.5 

1. 

0.375 

1.25 

1. 

1.25 

1.25 

2. 

0.3 

0.25 

0.15 

0.2 

0.875 


In. 

Round 
0.75 

Round 
0.5 
0.25 

0.5 

Round 
0.25 

Round 
0.25 
1. 

Round 
0.5 
0.625 
0.25 
0.5 

Round 
0.5 
0.625 

Round 

Round 
0.125 
0.5 
0.25 
1. 

0.25 
0.25 

Round 
0.5 
0.5 
0.75 
0.625 
0.125 
0.3 
0.25 

Round 

Round 

Round 


Length. 


In. 

12. 

5. 

136. 

4. 

5. 

42. 
20. 
36. 

7.5 

2.25 
38. 

8.5 

9. 

6. 
10. 
21. 

9. 
21. 
10. 

5.5 
11.25 
24. 
12. 
12. 

6.5 

6. 

4. 
21. 
26. 
18. 

8.5 
28.75 
20. 
74.75 
35.5 
102.5 
49. 
12.25 


78 


PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  travelling  fo^'ge. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Width.     Thickness 


Length. 


Body. 

1  axletree draft, 

2  axle  bands 

2  under  straps , 

4  bolts  for  under  straps,  No.  3,  D 

2  rivets  for  stock 

1  lunette draft,  or, 

1  prop  bolt  for  lunette 

1  middle  bolt  for  lunette 

1  socket  for  prop 

1  ferrule  for  prop 

1  toggle  for  prop  chain 

1  stock  stirrup 

2  bolts  for  stock  stirrup. 

1  bolt  for  middle  cross  bar 

1  axle  strap 

2  bolts  for  axle  strap 

2  wheel  guard  plates 

2  stud  plates  for  coal  box 

2  studs 

2  keys  for  coal  box 

1  lock  chain  hook 

1  bellows  pole  hook 

1  bellows  pole  staple 

4  stay  plates 

4  bolts  for  stay  plates 

4  thumb  nuts  for  stay  plates 

1  front  of  bellows  house sheet  iron. 

1  cover  for  middle  cross  bar.  .sheet  iron. 

1  guard  for  stock tin  or  sheet  iron . 

1  stud  for  bellows  pole 


1  stay  for  bellows  pole |  ul'p^right*  \ 

1  cover  for  roof. sheet  copper . 

1  upper  plate  of  back sheet  iron . 

1  lower  iDack  plate sheet  iron . 

2  side  plates sheet  iron . 

1  front  plate sheet  iron . 

1  bottom  plate sheet  iron. 

1  air  back cast  iron. 

4  bolts  for  air  back 

5  bolts  for  fire  place  and  air  back 

1  hook  for  forge  bucket 

1  plate  for  front  cross  bar. . .  .sheet  iron . 

2  plates  for  side  rails sheet  iron , 


In. 


1.5 
2.5 
1. 

0.5 

3.5 

1.5 

1. 

3. 

1.25 

0.5 

2.5 

1.25 

1.25 

2.5 

1.25 

4. 

2. 

0.625 
.375 

1. 

1. 

0.375 

2.625 

0.75 

1. 
28. 
11.75 

6. 

1.25 

1.25 

1.25 
22.5 
13.25 
26.25 

8. 

8. 
13.8 

0.5 

0.75 

1. 

4.5 

4.5 


In. 


0.25 

0.5 
Round 
Round 

1. 
Round 
Round 

0.625 

.25 

.25 

.5 

Round 

Round 

0.5 
Round 

0.25 

.15 

Round 

Round 

0.25 

.25 

Round 

0.25 
Round 

0.375 
No.  24 
No.  24 
No.  24 

1.25 

1.25 

0.5 
No.  24 
No.  11 
No.  8 
No.  8 
No.  8 
No.    8 

Round 

0.75 

.25 

No.  8 
No.  8 


In. 


38. 
42. 
16. 

7.5 
38. 

3.5 

4. 

6. 

6. 

2. 
22. 

8.5 

5.5 
18. 

9.75 
10. 
10. 

2.8 

6. 

5. 

5. 

7.5 
12. 

8. 
10. 
37.5 
32. 
17. 

3. 

3. 
26. 
88. 
31. 
31. 
31. 
34. 
30.75 

21.6 
12. 
5. 
.37.5 
51.5 


BILLS    OF    IRON. 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  travelling  forge — Continued. 


79 


NAMES  OP    PARTS. 


Body — Continued . 


10  bolts  for  plates 

1  lock  chain  bridle 

1  lock  chain. 

I  toggle  for  lock  chain.. . 

1  brace  for  fire  place 

2  plates  for  brace 

1  strap  for  bellows  pole.. 

1  chain  for  bellows  pole. 

2  shoulder  washers 

2  linch  washers 

2  linch  pins 


Bellows. 

6  butt  hinges 3  in.  X  3  in . 

2  arms 

1  elbow  for  windpipe cast  brass, 

1  collar  for  windpipe cast  brass , 

1  joint  pipe  for  windpipe cast  brass, 

1  bent  pipe sheet  copper 

1  hook  for  bellows 


Coal  bjx. 

2  front  corner  plates sheet  iron 

2  rear  corner  plates 

2  end  straps 

2  handles 

1  stud  plate  for  turnbuckle 

1  stud  for  turnbuckle 


1  hasp  strap 

1  cover sheet  copper 

2  hinges 

2  hinge  straps 

Vice. 

2  jaws 

steel  for  jaws 

1  screw 

1  handle 

1  washer 

1  strap 

1  key 

Igib 

2  joint  plates 

1  bolt  for  joint  plate,  No.  4,  D 


Width.    !  Thickness. 


In. 

0.75 

1.5 

0.375 

1.5 

0.5 

2. 

1.25 

0.375 

1.25 

1.25 


1.5 


6. 
1.5 


10. 

10. 
2. 

1.25 
2.25 
0.875 
1.75 
1.5 

18.5 
J. 5 
1.5 


2. 

0.75 

2.5 

0.75 

0.625 

1.25 

1.5 

0.625 

2.5 

1. 


In. 

Round 

0.75 
Round 

0.5 
Round 

0.25 

1. 
Round 

0.5 
.5 
.75 


0.5 


No.  18 
0.375 


No.  12 
No.  12 

0.5 
Round 

0.15 
Round 

0.75 

.75 

No.  24 

1. 

0.75 


1.375 

0.5 

Round 

Round 

0.375 

.375 

.375 

.375 

.5 

Round 


Length. 


In. 

35. 

5. 
155. 

4. 
13. 

8. 
12. 
24. 
26. 
18. 

8.5 


64. 


20. 
20. 


18. 
22.5 
18. 
18. 

4. 

1.75 

4. 

8. 
36.5 

8. 
16. 


26. 

8. 

8. 
12. 

7. 
10.5 

2.5 

2.5 

8. 

2.5 


80  PART    2. — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  travelling  forge — Continued. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


1  spring  for  vice steel. 

1  stay  for  foot  of  vice 

1  vice  bolt f 

15  nuts  No.  3 

15  nuts  No.  2 

8  washers  No.  2,  and  2  burrs 

7  washers  No.  3 

10  nails  No.  1 

22  nails  No.  2 

4  rivets 

22  rivets 

1  chain  No.  1 

1  chain  No.  2 

5  rings  No.  1 

3  eye  pins  No.  1 


Widtli. 


In. 

1. 
2. 
2. 

1.25 

I. 

1.625 

2. 

0.25 

.3 
0.25 

.375 

.15 

.2 

.2 

.875 


Thickness . 


In. 

0.25 

1. 

1. 

0.625 
.5 

.125 

.125 

.25 

.3 

Round 

Round 

Round 

Round 

Round 

Round 


Length. 


In. 

4. 
5. 
5. 

18.75 

15. 

15. 

14. 

15.75 

74.75 

6.88 
41. 
18. 
27.5 
17.5 

5.25 


Bill  of  iron  for  one  battery  wagon. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


2  assembling  bolts. 


8  side  studs 

1  sp;ire  stock  hook  and  button 

1  spare  stock  stirrup 

4  grooves 

<  head.. 

(  body. 

12  bolts  for  grooves  and  side  rails 

3  bolts  for  middle  side  siud 

1  turnbuckle  bolt 

1  turnbuckle cast  brass. 

1  hook  for  cover  prop 

1  eye  pin 

2  stays  for  upper  rail |  ^|^']^- ' 

2  end  studs 

1  mortise  plate 

1  axletree draft. 

2  under  straps 

4  bolts  for  under  straps 


Width. 


In. 

1.625 
1.5 
1.25 
3.75 
1.5 
0.75 
.375 
1.25 
1.25 

1.25 

1.25 

1. 

1. 

1.625 

5.25 

2.5 
1.5 


Thickness . 


In. 

0.5 
1. 

0.375 
.15 

Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 

Round 
Round 
1. 

0.375 
.5 
.25 

.5 

Round 


Length. 


In. 

160. 
10. 
20.5 
89. 

3.25 
74.6 
38. 

9.75 

4. 

2.5 
2.5 

18. 

64. 

40. 
7.75 

42. 
16. 


BILLS    OF    IRON.  81 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  battery  wagon — Continued. 


NAMES    OF    PARTS. 


1  bolt  for  right  side  rail 

2  bolts  for  lock  chain  bridle. 


No.  3,  D 
^  No.  3,  B. 

1  lock  chain  bridle 

1  lock  chain 

1  toggle  for  lock  chain , 

1  lock  chain  hook , 

1  lunette draft,  or, 

2  bolts  for  lunette , 

2  wheel  guard  plates 

1  stock  stirrup , 

2  bolts  for  stock  stirrup 

2  bolts  for  middle  cross  bars 

2  forage  rack  chains 

2  fora2:e  rack  hooks 

2  forage  rack  bands 

2  forsige  rack  bolts 

2  shoulder  washers 

2  linch  washers 

2  linch  pins 


Wagon  cover. 


4  corner  squares 

2  end  bows LTf5'  P^"""" 


I  ends 


4  joint  bolts. .. . 
2  middle  bows. 

2  staples 

1  cover  prop. . . 

1  li'isp 

3  hinges 

G  bolts 


Width. 


handle., 
prop,. . . 


34  rivets 

6  rivets 

22  nuts  No.  1 

7  nuts  No.  3 

IG  nuts  No.  4 

6  washers  No.  3. 

8  washers  No.  4, 
12  burrs 

8  washer  plates. . 

2  nails  No.  1 

22  nails  No.  2 


In. 

1. 

1. 

1.25 

1.5 

0.375 

1.5 

1. 

3.25 

1. 

4. 

2.5 

1.5 

1.5 

0.25 

1. 

1. 

1.25 

1.25 

1. 

1.25 


1.5 

1. 

1. 

0.625 

1.5 

0.375 

2. 

1.5 

1.25 

5.5 

0.625 

.5 

.25 
.75 

1.25 

1.5 

2. 

2.5 

1.125 

3.75 

0.25 
.3 


Thickness 


In. 

Round 
Round 
Round 

0.75 
Round 

0.5 
.25 

1. 
Round 

0.25 

.5 

Round 

Round 

Round 

0.375 

0.125 
Round 

0.5 
.5 
.75 


.25 
1. 

0.25 

Round 

0.25 

Round 

0.75 

.375 

.25 

.375 

Round 

Round 
Round 
0.375 
.625 
.75 
.125 
.188 
.25 
.15 
.25 
.3 


Leno-th. 


In. 

4. 
4. 
3.5 
5. 

200. 
4. 
5. 

38. 

8.5 
10. 
22. 

7. 

11. 

296. 

7. 
75. 

9. 
26. 
18. 

8.5 


32. 
16. 
96. 
10. 
103. 

5.5 

6. 
18. 

4.5 
20. 
13.5 

83. 
17. 
16.5 

8.75 
24. 
10. 
20. 
13.5 
12.75 

5.25 
74.75 


Part  -2.-11 


82  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Summary  bills  of  iron  for  field  carriages. 


Kind  of 
carriage. 

Width. 

Thick- 
ness. 

Length. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

6  PR.  GUN 

0.15 

Round 

2.81 

0.18 

For  chains  No.  1. 

CARRIAGE. 

0.2 

Round 

8.50 

.90 

2.3  feet  for  chains  No.  2. 

0.25 

Round 

1.1 

.18 

0.375 

Round 

18. 

6.62 

0.5 

Round 

7.2 

4.70 

0.625 

Round 

4.10 

4.18 

0.75 

Round 

10.86 

15.96 

0.875 

Round 

0.65 

1.30 

1. 

Round 

2.58 

6.73 

1.5 

Round 

2.17 

12.78 

2. 

Round 

1.46 

15.28 

Hammered. 

0.25 

0.25 

2.21 

.46 

0.3 

0.3 

7.87 

2.36 

.75 

0.375 

1..33 

1.25 

Hammered. 

1.0 

0.375 

0.23 

.29 

1.0 

0.5 

1.5 

2.52 

1.0 

1.0 

0.58 

1.94 

1.25 

0.5 

2.16 

4.53 

1.25 

0.625 

0.84 

2.20 

Hammered. 

1.25 

0.75 

0.7 

2.20 

1.375 

0.05 

3.0 

.70 

1.375 

0.25 

0.33 

.38 

1.5 

0.25 

3.75 

4.72 

1.5 

0.375 

.46 

.86 

1.5 

0.5 

1.16 

2.92 

Hammered. 

1.5 

0.625 

1.66 

5.22 

Hammered. 

1.5 

0.75 

3.3 

12.47 

Hammered. 

1.5 

1.5 

.59 

4.46 

Hammered. 

1.75 

0.25 

.93 

1.36 

2.0 

0.125 

.33 

.27 

2.0 

0.75 

.93 

4.68 

2.0 

1. 

.5 

3.36 

Hammered. 

2.0 

1.25 

.38 

3.19 

Hammered. 

2.5 

0.188 

1.66 

2.60 

2.5 

0.875 

.33 

2.42 

2.5 

1.25 

1.5 

15.75 

J  Hammered ;  or  2  drafts 
\      for  cap  squares. 

2.5 

1.5 

1.66 

20.91 

^  Hammered ;  or  2  drafts 
(     for  trunnion  plates. 

2.5 

1.75 

.5 

7.35 

Hammered. 

2.75 

0.5 

10.23 

47.26 

3.25 

0.375 

0.39 

1.23 

3.75 

0.15 

.5 

.95 

'* 

3.75 

0.2 

.44 

1.11 

BILLS    OF    IRON.  83 

Summary  bills  of  iron  for  field  carriages — Continued. 


Kind  of 
carriage. 

Width. 

Thick- 
ness. 

Length. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

6  PR.   GUN 

3.75 

0.25 

0.38 

1.19 

CARRIAGE- 

5. 

0.25 

.83 

3.48 

Continued. 

5.5 

0.2 

1.5 

5.53 

136.00 

28.00 

2  drafts  for  axletree. 
1  draft  for  lunette. 

404.93 

1.0 

0.375 

0.21 

.26 
17.00 

Steel  for  lunette. 

4  small  rondelles  )  Cast 
2  large  rondelles  \  iron. 

13.00 

30.00 

8.00 

Brass  box  of  elevat'g:  screw. 

.42 

Brass  f 
For  cha 

DF  turnbuckles. 

8.42 

24 POUNDER 

0.15 

Round 

2.81 

0.18 

in  No.  L 

HOWITZER 

0.2 

Round 

9.80 

1.03 

2.3  feet 

for  chains  No.  2. 

CARRIAGE. 

0.25 

Round 

1.08 

.18 

0.375 

Round 

19.6 

7.21 

0.5 

Round 

7.54 

4.93 

^^^*=5at_^^ 

0.625 

Round 

4.50 

4.59 

(r^     ■»-    "~~^~^^  ^-~: 

0.75 
0.875 

Round 
Round 

1.42 
0.65 

2.08 
1.30 

/    ^'^i^U 

1.0 

Round 

15.83 

41.32 

1.5 

2.0 

0.25 

0.3 

0.75 

Round 
Round 

0.25 

0.3 

0.375 

0.5 

3.58 

2.21 

7.88 

1.33 

2.94 

37.48 

.46 

2.36 

1.25 

1.0 

0.375 

0.23 

.29 

^     V>^J 

1.0 

0.5 

1.5 

2.52 

1.0 

1.0 

0.58 

1.94 

1.25 

0.5 

2.16 

4.53 

1.25 

0.625 

0.84 

2.20 

Hammered. 

1.25 

0.75 

0.71 

2.23 

1.375 

0.05 

4.0 

.92 

1.375 

0.25 

0.33 

.37 

1T\ 


84  PART    2, — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Summwry  bills  of  iron  for  field  carriages — Continued. 


Kind  of 
carriage. 

Width. 

Thick- 
ness. 

Length. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

24  POUNDER 

1.5 

0.25 

4.0 

5.04 

HOWITZER 

1.5 

0.5 

1.08 

2.72 

Hammered. 

CARRIAGE— 

1.5 

0.625 

1.66 

5.22 

Hammered. 

Continued. 

1.5 

0.75 

0.37 

1.39 

Hammered. 

1.5 

1.5 

0.59 

4.46 

Hammered. 

1.75 

0.25 

0.93 

1.36 

1.75 

0.375 

3.5 

7.70 

2.0 

0.125 

0.33 

.28 

Hammered. 

2.0 

0.75 

0.92 

4.63 

2.0 

1.0 

4.0 

26.88 

Hammered. 

2.0 

1.25 

0.38 

3.19 

Hammered. 

2.5 

1.75 

0.5 

7.35 

Hammered. 

2.75 

1. 

0.33 

3.04 

3.0 

0.5 

11.23 

56.59 

3.0 

1.25 

1.84 

23.18 

( Hammered;   or  2  drafts 
\     for  cap  squares. 

3.0 

1.5 

2.33 

35.22 

(Hammered;    or  2  drafts 
\     for  trunnion  plates. 

3.25 

0.188 

2.57 

5.24 

3.25 

0.375 

0.30 

1.22 

3.75 

0.15 

0.5 

.94 

3.75 

0.2 

0.57 

1.43 

3.75 

0.25 

0.38 

1.19 

5.0 

0.25 

0.83 

3.48 

6.0 

0.2 

1.5 

6.04 
200. 

Draft  for  axletree. 

1.0 

0.375 

0.21 

37. 

Draft  for  lunette. 

567.10 

0.26 

Steel  for  lunette. 

17. 

4  small  rondelles  )  Cast 
2  large  rondelles  J  iron. 

13. 

30. 

8. 

(  Brass  for  box  of  elevating 

(     screw. 

.42 

Brass  for  2  turnbuckles. 

8.42 

BILLS    OP    IRON.  85 

Summary  bills  of  iron  for  field  carHages — Continued. 


Kind  of 
carriage. 

Width. 

Thick- 
ness. 

Length. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Ll)s. 

12  PR.  GUN 

0.15 

Round 

2.81 

0.18 

For  chains  No.  1. 

CARRIAGE. 

0.2 

Round 

9.80 

1.03 

2.3  feet  for  chains  No.  2. 

0.25 

Round 

1.08 

.18 

0.375 

Round 

19.60 

7.21 

0.5 

Round 

7.54 

4.93 

0.625 

Round 

4.73 

4.82 

0.75 

Round 

1.42 

2.08 

0.875 

Round 

0.65 

1.30 

1.0 

Round 

15.83 

41.32 

1.5 

Round 

0.5 

2.94 

2.0 

Round 

3.58 

37.48 

Hammered. 

0.25 

0.25 

2.21 

.46 

0.3 

0.3 

7.88 

2.36 

0.75 

0.375 

1.33 

1.25 

Hammered. 

1.0 

0.375 

.23 

.29 

1.0 

0.5 

1.5 

2.52 

1.0 

1.0 

.58 

1.04 

1.25 

0.5 

2.16 

4.53 

1.25 

0.625 

0.84 

2.20 

Hammered. 

1.25 

0.75 

0.71 

2.23 

1.375 

0.05 

4.00 

.92 

1.375 

0.25 

0.33 

.37 

1.5 

0.25 

4.0C 

5.04 

1.5 

0.5 

1.08 

2.72 

Hammered. 

1.5 

0.625 

1.66 

5.22 

Hammered. 

1.5 

0.75 

.37 

1.39 

Hammered. 

1.5 

1.5 

.59 

4.46 

Hammered. 

1.75 

0.25 

.93 

1.36 

1.75 

0.375 

.5 

1.10 

2.0 

0.125 

.33 

.28 

Hammered. 

2.0 

0.75 

0.92 

4.63 

2.0 

1.0 

4.00 

26.88 

Hammered. 

2.0 

1.25 

0.38 

3.19 

Hammered. 

2.5 

1.75 

0.5 

7.35 

Hammered. 

2.75 

1.0 

0.33 

3.04 

3.0 

1.25 

1.84 

23.18 

(Hammered;  or  2  drafts 
/     for  cap  squares. 

3.0 

1.5 

2.33 

35.22 

(Hammered;    or  2  drafts 

3.2 

0.5 

7.23 

38.86 

(     for  trunnion  plates. 

3.25 

0.188 

2.17 

4.42 

3.25 

0.375 

0.30 

1.22 

3.25 

0.5 

5.00 

27.30 

3.75 

0.15 

0.5 

.94 

PART    2. — FIELD    CARRIAGES. 


Summary  bills  of  iron  for  field  carriages — Continued. 


Kind  of 
carriage. 

Width. 

Thick- 
ness. 

Length. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

12  PR.  GDN 
CARRIAGE- 

Continued. 

In. 

3.75 
3.75 
5.0 
6.5 

1.0 

In. 

0.2 
0.25 
0.25 
0.2 

0.375 

Feet. 

0.57 
0.38 
0.83 
1.5 

.21 

Lbs. 

1.43 
1.19 

3.48 
6.54 
200. 
42. 

Draft  for  axletree. 
Draft  for  lunette. 

574.08 

0.26 

Steel  for  lunette. 

17. 
13. 

4  small  rondelles  )  Cast 
2  large  rondelles  \  iron. 

30. 

8. 
.42 

(  Brass  for  box  of  elevating 

(     screw. 

Brass  for  2  turnbuckles. 

8.42 

Wheel 
No.  1. 

0.5 

0.25 

1.0 

1.25 

1.5 

1.625 

2.75 

Round 
0.25 
0.5 
0.25 
0.25 
0.125 
0.5 

2.93 
1.63 
0.58 
5.83 
4.67 
1.00 
15.00 

1.91 
0.34 
0.97 
6.12 

5.88 

0.68 

69.30 

In  one  piece ;  for  tire. 

85.20 

15.5 

Cast  iron  for  nave  box. 

Wheel 
No.  2. 

0.5 

0.25 

1.0 

1.25 

1.5 

1.625 

2.75 

Round 
0.25 
0.5 
0.25 
0.25 
0.125 
0.625 

3.15 
1.63 
0.58 
6.29 
5.33 
1.00 
15.00 

2.06 
0.34 
0.97 
6.60 
6.72 
0.68 
86.55 

In  one  piece;  for  tire. 

103.92 

15.5 

Cast  iron  for  nave  box. 

BILLS    OF    IRON.  87 

Summary  bills  of  iron  for  field  carriages — Continued. 


Kind  of 
carriage. 

Width. 

Thick- 
ness. 

Length. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Limber. 

0.15 

Round 

2.08 

0.13 

For  chains  No.  1. 

0.2 

Round 

3.67 

.38 

2.3  feet  for  chains  No. 

2. 

0.25 

Round 

4.95 

.80 

2.33  feet  for  chains  Nc 

►.3. 

0.375 

Round 

11.8 

4.34 

0.5 

Round 

1.30 

.85 

0.625 

Round 

1.80 

1.83 

0.75 

Round 

4.75 

6.98 

0.875 

Round 

0.30 

.60 

1.0 

Round 

2.69 

7.02 

1.25 

Round 

1.08 

4.41 

1.625 

Round 

0.75 

5.18 

0.25 

0.25 

2.3 

.48 

0.3 

0.3 

1.19 

.35 

0.5 

0.25 

0.17 

.07 

0.5 

0.5 

0.95 

.80 

i.O 

0.25 

0.93 

.78 

1.0 

0.5 

3.33 

5.59 

Hammered. 

1.0 

0.1 

0.5 

1.68 

Hammered. 

1.25 

0.25 

4.19 

4.40 

Hammered. 

1.25 

0.5 

2.67 

5.60 

1.25 

0.625 

1.15 

3.01 

1.25 

0.75 

0.71 

2.23 

Hammered. 

1.25 

1.25 

1.0 

5.25 

1.5 

0.125 

1.0 

.63 

1.5 

0.5 

2.17 

5.46 

Hammered. 

1.5 

0.625 

2.12 

6.67 

Hammered. 

1.5 

0.75 

.38 

1.43 

1.75 

0.375 

1.0 

2.20 

1.75 

0.5 

0.5 

1.47 

2.0 

0.125 

1.33 

1.11 

2.5 

0.188 

0.54 

.85 

2.5 

0.5 

3.84 

16.12 

2.5 

1.5 

0.5 

t     6.30 

2.75 

0.5 

0.54 

i    2.49 

3.0 

0.625 

0.5 

3.15 

3.5 

2.5 

0.84 

24.69 

(  Hammered ;  middle 
I     for  axletree. 

piece 

4.25 

0.25 

0.75 

2.67 
120. 

125. 

2  drafts  for  axletree. 
Draft  for  pintle  hook. 

283. 

1.0 

0.375 

0.21 

0.26 

Steel 

for  pintle  hook. 

88  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Summary  bills  of  iron  for  field  carriages — Contiaued. 


Kind  of 
carriage. 

Width. 

Thick- 
ness. 

Length. 

Weight 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Ammu- 

0.375 

Round 

1.5 

0.55 

nition 

0.5 

Round 

3.16 

2.06 

CHEST. 

0.75 

Round 

4.13 

6.07 

1.0 

Round 

0.25 

.65 

1.0 

0.5 

0.08 

.13 

1.0 

1.0 

2.00 

6.72 

1.5 

0.375 

1.73 

3.26 

1.5 

0.75 

4.58 

17.31 

1.5 

1.0 

0.2 

1.00 

1.5 

1.5 

1.0 

7.56 

1.75 

0.75 

0.33 

1.45 

15.5 
25.0 

0.1 
No.  24 

4.0 
4. 

20.50 

Sheet  copper  for 
Brass  for  turnb 

67.26 

9.50 

cover. 

0.21 

uckle. 

Caisson. 

0.15 

Round 

8.53 

0.50 

For  chains  No 

1. 

0.2 

Round 

4.08 

0.43 

0.25 

Round 

0.71 

.11 

0.375 

Round 

15.04 

5.53 

0.5 

Round 

0.63 

.41 

0.875 

Round 

1.02 

2.04 

1.0 

Round 

4.49 

11.71 

1.25 

Round 

2.61 

10.67 

0.25 

0.25 

2.92 

.61 

0.3 

0.3 

6.23 

1.87 

1.0 

0.25 

1.75 

1.47 

1.0 

0.5 

1.5 

2.52 

1.0 

1.0 

2.79 

9.37 

Hammered. 

1.125 

0.25 

0.19 

.18 

1.25 

0.5 

3.18 

6.68 

1.25 

0.625 

3.1 

8.12 

Hammered. 

1.25 

0.75 

0.70 

2.20 

Hammered. 

1.5 

0.125 

2.0 

1.26 

1.5 

0.25 

3.0 

3.78 

1.5 

0.5 

0.33 

.83 

1.5 

0.625 

.83 

2.61 

Hammered. 

1.5 

0.75 

1.33 

5.02 

Hammered. 

X.S    1 

1.5 

1 

1.33 

10.05 

BILLS    OF    IRON.  89 

Summary  hills  of  iron  for  field  carriages — Continued. 


Kind  of 

Width. 

Thick- 

Lenfflh. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

carriage. 

ness. 

o 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Caissok — 

2.0 

0.125 

1.67 

1.40 

Continued. 

2.0 

0.5 

0.75 

2.52 

2.31 

0.25 

0.69 

1.33 

2.5 

0.5 

7.0 

29.40 

3.0 

0.5 

6.46 

32.55 

3.5 

0.25 

0.5 

1.47 

3.5 

1.0 

3.17 

37.27 

(  Hammered ;   or  2 
\     for  lunette. 

drafts 

4.0 

0.25 

0.84 

2.82 

4.25 

1.25 

1.5 

26.77 

5.75 

0.5 

0.48 

4.63 

6.0 

0.5 

0.5 

5.04 

136. 

2  drafts  for  axletree. 

369.17 

Forge. 

0.15 

Round 

1.5 

0.09 

For  chain  No.  1. 

0.2 

Round 

3.75 

.38 

2.3  feet  for  chain  No 

2. 

0.25 

Round 

0.57 

.93 

0.375 

Round 

19.48 

7.17 

0.625 

Round 

0.24 

.24 

0.5 

Round 

3.51 

2.29 

0.75 

Round 

4.58 

6.73 

0.875 

Round 

0.58 

1.16 

1.0 

Round 

1.88 

4.90 

1.25 

Round 

3.48 

14.23 

1.5 

Round 

0.3 

1.76 

2.5 

Round 

0.67 

10.96 

0.25 

0.25 

1.32 

.28 

0.3 

0.3 

6.23 

1.88 

0.5 

0.25 

.17 

.07 

0.625 

0.375 

.79 

1.89 

0.75 

0.75 

1.0 

.63 

1.0 

0.25 

1.25 

1.05 

1.0 

0.375 

0.84 

1.06 

1.0 

0.5 

2.75 

4.62 

1.25 

0.25 

0.5 

.52 

1.25 

0.375 

0.88 

1.38 

1.25 

0.5 

4.31 

9.05 

1.25 

0.625 

1.56 

4.e8 

Hammered. 

1.25 

0.75 

0.7 

2.20 

1.25 

1.0 

1.0 

4.20 

Hammered. 

Part  2. 

-12 

90  PART   2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Summary  bills  of  iron  for  field  carriages — Continued. 


Kind  of 
carriage. 

Width. 

Thick- 
ness. 

Length. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

FOROE— 

1.25 

1.25 

0.5 

2.62 

Continued. 

1.5 

0.25 

3.17 

4.00 

Hammered. 

1.5 

0.375 

1.88 

3.55 

1.5 

0.5 

5.66 

14.26 

1.5 

0.75 

2.42 

9.14 

Hammered. 

1.5 

1.0 

0.66 

3.32 

Hammered. 

1.625 

0.125 

1.25 

.85 

1.75 

0.75 

0.33 

1.45 

Hammered. 

2.0 

0.15 

0.84 

.84 

2.0 

0.125 

1.17 

.98 

2.0 

0.25 

0.67 

1.12 

2.0 

0.5 

1.5 

5.04 

2.0 

1.0 

0.83 

5.58 

Hammered. 

2.0 

1.375 

2.17 

20.03 

Hammered. 

2.25 

0.15 

0.33 

.37 

2.5 

0.5 

7.5 

31.50 

2.625 

0.25 

1.0 

2.20 

3.0 

0.625 

0.5 

3.15 

Hammered. 

3.5 

1.0 

3.17 

37.27 

(  Hammered ;  or  2  drafts 
X     for  hmette. 

4.0 

0.25 

0.84 

2.82 

10. 

No.  12 

3.4 

12.5 

Sheet  iron. 

13.25 

No.  11 

2.58 

14.25 

Sheet  iron. 

27. 

No.    8 

7.5 

122.00 

Sheet  iron. 

28. 

No.  24 

5. 

11.85 

Russia  sheet  iron. 

0.75 

0.5 

0.67 

136. 

1 

2  drafts  for  axletree. 

530.44 

1 

.84 

Cast  steel. 

1.0 
22.5 

0.25 
No.  24 

0.33 
7.33 

.27 

Spring  steel. 

36.5 

Cast  iron  air  back. 

6. 

Brass  for  windpipe. 

15.75 

(  Sheet  copper ;  in  2  sheets 
\     44  in.  long. 

18.5 

No.  24 

3.04 

5.25 

Sheet  copper. 

20. 

No.  18 

0.05 

1.90 

Sheet  copper. 

22.90 

BILLS  OF  IRON.  91 

Summary  bills  of  iron  for  field  carriages — Continued. 


Kind  of 

Width. 

Thick- 

Length. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

carriage. 

ness. 

o 

- 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Battery 

0.25 

Round 

26.08 

4.25 

24.7  feet  for  chains  No.  4. 

WAGON. 

0.375 

Round 

20.3 

7.47 

0.5 

Round 

6.92 

4.52 

0.625 

Round 

1.92 

1.95 

0.75 

Round 

6.22 

9.14 

1.0 

Round 

1.38 

3.60 

1.25 

Round 

2.60 

10.63 

1.5 

Round 

3.11 

18.31 

0.25 

0.25 

0.44 

.09 

0.3 

0.3 

6.23 

1.88 

0.75 

0.375 

1.38 

1.29 

1.0 

0.125 

6.25 

2.62 

1.0 

0.25 

8.41 

7.06 

1.0 

0.375 

5.92 

7.46 

1.0 

0.5 

1.5 

2.52 

1.0 

1.0 

2.84 

9.54 

Hammered. 

1.125 

0.25 

1.12 

2.11 

1.25 

0.25 

0.38 

.40 

1.25 

0.375 

1.71 

2.68 

1.25 

0.5 

2.18 

4.58 

1.25 

0.625 

0.73 

1.91 

Hammered. 

1.25 

0.75 

0.71 

2.23 

Hammered. 

1.5 

0.25 

11.25 

14.17 

1.5 

0.375 

1.5 

2.83 

1.5 

0.5 

0.33 

.83 

1.5 

0.75 

2.47 

9.32 

Hammered. 

1.5 

1.0 

0.83 

4.18 

1.625 

0.5 

16.67 

45.50 

2.0 

0.125 

0.83 

.70 

2.0 

0.75 

0.5 

2.52 

2.5 

0.188 

1.67 

2.62 

2.5 

0.5 

5.33 

22.38 

3.5 

1.0 

3.17 

37.27 

(  Hammered ;   or  2  drafts 
(     for  lunette. 

3.75 

0.15 

8.48 

16.02 

4.0 

0.25 

0.83 

2.79 

5.25 

0.25 

0.65 

2.87 

5.5 

0.375 

1.66 

11.50 
136.00 

2  drafts  for  axletree. 

417.74 

0.21 

Cast  brass  for  turnbuckle. 

9"2  PART    2. FIELD    CARRIAGES. 

Remarks  on  the  bills  of  iron. 

The  iron  in  the  foregoing  bills  is  to  be  rolled  iron,  when  not 
otherwise  specified.  It  should  be  of  the  best  quality,  neatly 
rolled,  and  clear  of  fag  ends. 

Rolled  iron  of  good  quality  may  also  be  substituted  for  some  of 
the  hammered  iron;  but  the  latter  is  to  be  preferred  for  all  the 
bars  thus  designated  in  the  bills. 

As  the  manufacturers  of  iron  use  common  fractions  for  the 
dimensions  of  bars,  the  bills  for  their  use  should  be  made  out  ac- 
cordingly, in  vulgar  fractions,  instead  of  decimals. 

The  drafts  of  pieces  which  are  to  be  hammered  in  peculiar 
shapes  are  represented  in  Plate  XXIX.  These  shapes  should 
be  of  the  full  dimensions  given  in  the  drafts. 

The  draft  for  the  axletree  of  the  limber  represents  one  of  the 
arms  which  are  to  be  welded  to  a  middle  piece  containing  the 
stop.  Another  method  of  making  this  axletree  is  to  have  one  of 
the  arms  forged  sufficiently  long  to  weld  the  stop  on  it,  before  it 
is  joined  to  the  other  arm.  In  that  case  the  middle  piece  for  the 
axletree  will  be  omitted  in  the  bill  of  iron. 


Formers  for  iron  work. — Plates  XXX,  XXXI,  XXXII. 

The  formers  for  shaping  the  irons  of  field  carriages  are  repre- 
sented in  the  plates,  together  with  a  vice  for  forming  the  heads  of 
bolts,  and  clamps  for  bending  some  of  the  irons. 

For  the  gun  carriages,  the  formers  for  the  6  pounder  irons  only 
are  drawn.  Those  for  the  other  gun  carriages  can  be  readily 
made  from  these,  by  referring  to  the  drawings  of  the  irons  pecu- 
liar to  those  carriages.     Plate  IX. 

The  formers  are  made  of  cast  iron.  They  have  flanges,  with 
holes  in  them,  for  securing  them  to  blocks  of  wood,  by  means  of 


FORMERS  FOR  IRON  WORK.  93 

bolts  or  nails.  Most  of  the  formers  are  represented  as  furnished 
with  clamps  and  keys  for  holding  down  one  part  of  the  iron 
whilst  the  other  is  shaped  and  hammered.  These  clamps  are 
not  absolutely  necessary  in  all  cases;  they  may  be  used  or  omit- 
ted, at  the  discretion  of  the  master  workman. 

The  formers  for  trunnion  plates  and  cap  squares  represented  in 
Plate  XXXI  differ  from  those  given  in  Plate  XXX,  for  the 
same  pieces.  Both  kinds  are  given,  as  patterns  of  the  formers 
used  at  different  Arsenals;  either  of  them  may  be  adopted,  ac- 
cording to  the  mode  of  working  which  may  be  thought  most 
convenient. 

Vice  for  heading  holts — Plate  XXX. 

This  vice  is  intended  for  forming  the  heads  of  those  bolts 
which  are  made  by  upsetting  the  iron  for  the  head. 

It  consists  of  a  fixed  jaw  A,  of  cast  iron,  which  is  fastened  to  a 
wooden  bench  B  by  two  bolts,^No.  5,  E.  and  a  moveable  jaw  C 
which  is  held  against  the  fixed  jaw  by  means  of  a  lever  acted 
on  by  the  foot  of  the  workman.  The  jaws  contain  the  dies  for 
forming  the  head  of  the  bolt.  The  bed  or  lower  part  of  the 
piece  A  is  bored  out,  to  receive  the  cylindrical  part  of  the  cast  iron 
guide  D,  which  contains  the  screw  for  supporting  the  lower  end  of 
the  bolt  and  regulating  its  length.  This  guide  is  fastened  to  the 
underside  of  the  bed  A  by  4  bolts,  No.  3,  E.  which  pass  through 
the  circular  flanch  F. 

The  brass  nut  N  of  the  screw  is  let  into  the  lower  part  of  the 
guide  D,  and  is  fastened  there  by  a  pin. 

The  screw  is  inserted  from  the  top  of  the  guide,  and  it  passes 
through  a  circular  plate  or  box  G,  which  has  a  feather  fitting 
into  a  slot  in  the  screw,  so  that  this  plate  serves  as  a  handle  for 
turning  the  screw;  for  this  purpose  holes  are  bored  in  the  edge  of 
the  plate,  to  insert  a  pin  for  turning  it. 


Corrections — Part  second. 

Page  12 — after  one  lock  chain  bolt,  (&c. ;  add :  "  one  washer  and  one  nu(,  for  the 

same." 
29 — 7th  line,  for  '*  eighty-six, ^^  read  "mnefy-sir." 
29 — 10th  line,  add  :  "  one  nut,  for  this  bolt." 
30— 7th  line,  for  *' two''  read  "four." 
31— in  the  table  of  screws,  2nd  line,  for  *'  14,"  read  "  20." 
31— in  the  table  of  screws,  3rd  line,  for  "  16,"  read  "  20." 
32— 5th  line  from  the  bottom,  for  '^four,'^  read  "jfitje." 
35— 18th  line,  for  "two,''  read  "fcmr." 
35— 6th  Une  from  the  bottom,  for  "  one,"  read  "  two ;"  and  for  "  It  is," 

read  "  They  are." 
46— after  the  14th  Une,  add :  "  One  lock  chain,  Plate  III." 
59— 6th  line,  for  "  two,"  read  "four." 
59— 4th  line  from  the  bottom,  for  "back,"  read  "rack." 
62— strike  out  all  the  first  paragraph,  after  the  word  "forge,'*  in  the  first 

line. 
63— 3d  line  from  bottom,  last  column,  insert  "  1." 


ARTILLERY 


PART    THIRD, 


CARRIAGES 


FOR   THE    SERVICE    OP 


SIEGE     BATTERIES 


L I  B  R  x\  H  1 
TTNIVKIiSTTY  OF 


1848 


PART   THIRD. 

SIEGE    CARRIAGES. 

Gu7i  carriages  r — Plates  I  to  V. 

There  are  three  gun  carriages  for  the  service  of  siege  artillery^ 
viz: 

One  for  the  12-pounder  gun. 

One  for  the  18-pounder  gun. 

One  for  the  24-pounder  gun  and  the  8-inch  howitzer. 

These  carriages  are  similar  to  each  other  in  their  construction, 
differing  only  in  their  dimensions,  as  shown  in  the  plates. 

In  mounting  the  8-inch  howitzer  on  the  24-pounder  gun  car- 
riage, a  quoin  is  used  instead  of  the  elevating  screw,  the  howitzer 
being  too  short  to  rest  on  the  screw. 

A  table  of  bolts,  rivets,  nails  and  screws,  follows  the  nomen- 
clature and  description  of  the  parts  of  the  carriages. 

Wood  loork. 

White  oak  is  used  for  all  these  carriages.  See  the  general 
remarks  on  wood  work  of  artillery  carriages:  Part  2,  page  10. 

Those  roundings  of  the  wood  which  are  not  shown  in  the  plates 
are  given  in  the  description  of  the  parts. 

One  stock.  It  is  made  of  two  pieces,  put  together  with  dowels. 
The  edges  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  1.5  inch,  except  at  the 
place  of  the  rondelles  and  the  trail  plate,  as  in  the  field  carriage. 
The  head  of  the  stock  is  hollowed  out,  with  a  radius  equal  to 
that  of  the  gun  in  front  of  the  trunnions,  in  order  to  allow  the  gun 
to  be  depressed.     Two  dowels,  for  the  stock. 


2  PART    3. SIEGE  CARRIAGES. 

Two  cheeks.  The  pattern  of  the  cheek  includes  the  trunnion 
plate,  on  the  upper  edge;  the  part  to  be  cut  off,  for  fitting  the 
trunnion  plate,  is  marked  by  means  of  the  plate  itself.  The  lower 
corners  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .4  inch,  where  the  iron  work 
allows  it. 

One  axle  body.  The  notches  for  the  stock  and  the  cheeks  to 
fit  in,  are  shown  in  the  drawings.  The  corners  are  rounded  with 
a  radius  of  1.25  inch,  except  at  the  axle  strap,  where  the  round- 
ing is  .4  inch.     The  corners  of  the  ends  are  chamfered  .2  inch. 

One  breech  bolster.  It  should  be  made  of  a  piece  of  wood 
which  will  not  split  easily.  The  upper  corners  are  rounded  with 
a  radius  of  .6  inch;  the  ends,  with  1.5  inch. 

Irons. — Plates  IV  aQd  V. 

One  assembling  bolt,  for  the  stock.  Two  washers  and  one  nut 
for  the  same. 

One  mancRuvring  bolt.  It  is  square,  and  is  cut  at  each  end 
with  the  thread  No.  5. 

Two  collars,  for  manoeuvring  bolt.  They  are  made  of  sheet 
iron  welded,  and  are  formed  on  a  mandril,  to  go  over  the  diago- 
nal of  the  bolt;  they  are  turned  on  the  exterior,  and  the  ends  are 
faced  in  the  lathe. 

Four  washers,  for  manoeuvring  bolt.  Two  of  them  have  square 
holes,  to  fit  the  body  of  the  bolt;  these  are  apphed  to  the  sides  of 
the  stock,  and  they  are  let  into  the  wood  a  little,  on  the  front  side, 
so  as  to  be  perpendicular  to  the  axis  of  the  bolt.  The  other  two 
washers  have  round  holes,  to  fit  bolts  No.  5,  and  their  edges  are 
rounded,  instead  of  being  chamfered;  they  are  applied  to  the 
outer  ends  of  the  collars. 

Two  nuts,  No.  5,  for  the  manoeuvring  bolt. 

Six  rondelles,  (cast  iron.)  They  are  placed  between  the  stock 
and  the  cheeks;  the  assembling  bolts  pass  through  them.     The 


GUN    CARRIAGE.  3 

two  in  rear,  through  which  the  lock  chain  bolt  passes,  have  each 
two  tenons  which  are  let  into  the  stock  and  cheeks.  The  ron- 
delles  should  be  faced  and  turned  to  the  proper  size  and  thickness. 

Two  assembling  bolts.     Four  loashers  and  two  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  assembling  eye  bolt,  for  the  lock  chain.  The  square  under 
the  head  of  this  bolt  is  in  the  right  cheek,  and  one  diagonal  of  it 
is  parallel  to  the  bottom  of  the  cheek.  The  screw  on  the  bolt  is 
cut  with  the  thread  No.  7.  The  ring  of  the  lock  chain  is  welded 
in  the  eye  of  the  bolt.  One  washer,  No.  9,  for  the  head  of  this 
bolt.     One  washer  and  one  nut.  No.  7. 

One  lock  chain — Plate  IV.  It  consists  of  a  chain,  (No.  7,)  to 
which  the  shoe  is  attached;  another  chain,  (No.  7,)  for  the  toggle, 
and  a  drag  chain,  (No.  5,)  which  connects  the  first  chain  with 
the  eye  bolt.  When  the  shoe  is  no  longer  required  to  act  on  the 
wheel,  the  toggle  is  loosened  by  knocking  off  the  ring,  and  the 
wheel  runs  over  the  shoe,  which  is  then  drawn  by  the  drag  chain, 
until  it  can  be  hooked  up. 

One  shoe.  The  under  side  of  the  shoe  is  faced  with  a  plate  of 
steel,  which  is  welded  and  riveted  to  the  iron. 

One  key,  for  the  shoe.  It  passes  through  the  holes  in  the  ears 
of  the  shoe,  on  the  inside  of  the  felly,  to  keep  the  w^heel  from 
slipping  off. 

Two  trunnion  plates.  They  are  bent  on  a  former,  and  they  are 
warmed  when  applied  to  the  cheeks.  They  are  fastened  by  the 
several  bolts  which  pass  through  the  width  of  the  cheeks,  and 
also  by  two  bolts  in  the  heads  of  the  cheeks.  The  cheeks  are 
chamfered  down  to  the  width  of  the  trunnion  plates. 

Two  chin  bolts.  The  edges  of  the  heads  are  chamfered  .  1  inch. 
Two  bevel  washers  and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts.  The  washers  are 
made  to  fit  in  the  outer  angles  of  the  understraps. 

Two  key  bolts.  The  edges  of  the  heads  are  chamfered  .  1  inch. 
Two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Four  cheek  bolts.     Four  washers  and/ow  nuts  for  the  same. 


4  PART   3. SIEGE  CARRIAGES. 

Two  travelling  trunnion  bolts — Plate  V.  The  heads  are  cham- 
fered .1  inch.  These  bolts,  with  the  trunnion  plaies,  form  a  sup- 
port for  the  trunnions  of  the  gun  in  its  travelling  position.  Two 
washers  and  two  nuts  for  the  trunnion  bolts.  The  washers  and 
nuts  are  all  No.  7,  although  the  bolts  in  the  18-pounder  and  24- 
pounder  carriages  are  No.  9. 

Two  trunnion  plate  bolts.  The  nuts  for  these  bolts  are  let  into 
the  heads  of  the  cheeks,  from  the  inside. 

Two  cap  squares.     The  upper  edges  are  chamfered  .15  inch. 

Two  cap  square  chains.  Each  chain  consists  of  six  links ,  No. 
3,  and  two  rings,  No.  2,  A. 

Four  eye  pins.  No.  3,  for  cap  square  chains.  Two  of  them  are 
riveted  into  the  cap  squares;  the  other  two  are  screwed  into  the 
sides  of  the  cheeks. 

Two  cap  square  keys. 

Two  key  chains,  each  oifive  links,  No.  2,  and  two  rings.  No.  2,  B. 

Two  eye  pins,  No.  2,  for  key  chains.  They  are  screwed  into 
the  sides  of  the  cheeks. 

One  axle  tree — Plate  IV.  The  stop  in  the  middle  of  the  upper 
side  is  dovetailed  into  the  body.  The  lower  corners  are  rounded 
with  a  radius  of  .  1  inch. 

Two  understraps.  The  exterior  edges  are  chamfered  .  15  inch. 
The  straps  are  put  on  warm. 

One  axle  strap.  It  serves  as  a  washer  to  the  two  bolts  which 
connect  the  stock  with  the  axle  body. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  stock  and  axle  body.  Their  heads  are  let 
into  the  upper  side  of  the  stock.      Two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  axle  bands.  They  are  put  on  warm,  and  they  are  fastened 
to  the  axle  body,  each  by  three  nails. 

One  lock  chain  hook.  It  passes  through  the  axle  body  on  the 
right  side  of  the  carnage.  Two  washers  and  one  nut  for  the  bolt 
of  the  hook. 


GUN  CARRIAGE.  O 

One  hook,  for  the  shoe.  It  is  screwed  into  the  right  cheek  of 
the  carriage. 

These  hooks  carry  the  lock  chain  and  shoe  when  they  are  not 
in  use.     See  Plates  XI  and  XII. 

One  cheek  plate,  for  the  shoe.  It  is  fastened  with  three  wood 
screws,  on  the  right  cheek  of  the  carriage,  to  protect  the  wood 
from  the  friction  of  the  shoe,  in  travelling. 

One  box,  for  the  elevating  screw,  (brass.) 

The  composition  of  the  metal  is  the  same  as  that  for  the  box  of 
the  screw  of  field  carriages. 

The  under  part  of  the  box  is  let  into  the  wood,  the  plate  rest- 
ing on  the  upper  side  of  the  stock. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  box  of  the  elevating  screw.  Their  heads  are 
countersunk  in  the  plate.     Two  washers  and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

One  elevating  screw.  The  head  is  fastened  on  in  the  same 
manner  as  in  the  screw  for  field  carriages;  the  tenon  on  the  upper 
end  of  the  screw  is  1.5  in.  diameter.  The  handles  are  screwed 
into  the  head;  the  screw  is  .75  inch  diameter  and  .88  in.  long. 

One  strap  staple.  It  is  driven  into  the  middle  of  the  stock,  on 
the  under  side;  it  projects  .25  inch  clear  of  the  stock,  and  serves 
to  confine  a  leather  strap  22  inches  long  and  1.5  inch  wide. 
When  the  gun  is  in  its  travelling  position,  the  elevating  screw  is 
inverted  in  its  box,  and  this  leather  strap  is  buckled  round  one  of 
the  handles,  to  prevent  the  screw  from  turning.     See  Plate  XII. 

Two  wheel  guard  plates.  They  are  fastened  to  the  stock,  each 
by  six  nails. 

One  lunette.  The  pintle  hole  is  reinforced  by  a  rondelle,  which 
is  fastened  to  the  upper  side  of  the  lunette  plate  with  three  rivets. 
This  rondelle  is  let  into  the  under  side  of  the  stock,  its  whole 
thickness. 

The  rear  end  of  the  plate  has  an  eye,  to  receive  the  hook  of  the 
lashing  chain  on  the  limber.  See  Plate  XII.  The  outer  corners 
of  the  plate  are  chamfered  .2  in;  those  of  the  eye  are  rounded. 


6  PART    3. — SIEGE  CARRIAGES. 

Two  lunette  bolts.  Two  washers  and  two  nuts.  The  heads  of 
the  bdts  are  countersunk  in  the  under  side  of  the  lunette  plate. 

One  trail  plate.  The  part  under  the  stock,  which  rests  on  the 
sweep  bar  of  the  limber,  is  reinforced  by  a  guard  plate  which  is 
fastened  to  the  trail  plate  with  six  rivets.  This  inner  plate  is  let 
into  the  stock.  The  trail  plate  is  bent  on  a  former;  it  is  applied 
warm,  and  is  fastened  to  the  stock  by  twenty-nine  nails. 

Two  bolster  bolts.  The  heads  are  let  into  the  upper  side  of  the 
bolster,  and  they  are  hollowed  out  to  correspond  with  the  curva- 
ture of  the  wood.      Two  washers  and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  shoulder  washers ,  for  the  axle  tree.  They  are  shrunk  on 
the  axle  arms,  against  the  ends  of  the  wooden  body. 

Two  linch  washers. 

Two  linch  pins. 

Two  wheels. 


GUN  CARRIAGE. 


Bolts,  rivets,  nails  and  screws  for  siege  gun  carriages. 


i 

Kind. 

LENGTH. 

WASHERS. 

DESIGNATION. 

12-p'r. 

18-p'r. 

24-p'r. 

1 

1 

Bolts. 
For  the  stock. 

1 
2 

1 
1 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
1 
1 
1 
] 
2 
2 
1 

No.  7,  A. 

Do. 
No.  9.* 
No.  7.t 
No.  7,  A. 

Do. 
No.  3,  E. 
No.  7.  § 

Do.tt 

Do.  II 
No.  9.|| 
No.  5,  B. 

Do. 
No.  4,  C. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  4,  B. 
No.4.tt 

In. 

12.2 
25.1 
25.1 
20.6 
20.65 
18.9 
5. 
23.2 
18.3 
17.3 

17.45 
17.1 
12.2 
12.35 
12.15 
15.8 
8.63 

In. 

13.85 
27.7 
27.7 
21.1 
21.2 
19.3 
5. 

23.3 
18.8 

17.5 
17.45 
17.1 
12.2 
12.35 
12.15 
16.1 
8.63 

In. 

14.75 
29.9 
29.9 
21.4 
21.8 
20.1 
5. 
24.25 
19.5 

18. 
17.45 
17.1 
12.2 
12.35 
12.15 
16.45 
8.63 

1 
2 
1 
2 

1 

1 
2 
1 
2 
2 
2 

1 

2 
2 

1 

1 

t 

1 

"   cheeks  and  stock 

*'  manoeuvring  collars 

"  trunnion  plates  and  cheeks  < 
"  chin  bolts 

"  key  bolts 

"  travelling  trunnion  bolts. 

"  stock  and  axle  body. ...  J 

"  box  of  elevating  screw. .  ] 
"  lunette 

"  breech  bolster ** 

"  lock  chain  hook 

^-'-r-^tetfe'!':':::::::: 

6 
3 

No.  3,  C. 
Do. 

0.9 
1.5 

1.15 
1.5 

1.15 
1.5 

- 

- 

C  For  trail  plate 

J^ails.    <    "   wheel  guard  plates 
i    "  axle  bands 

29 

12 

6 

No.3,C. 
No.2,C. 
No.l,C. 

3.5 

3. 

2.5 

3.5 

3. 

2.5 

3.5 

3. 

2.5 

- 

- 

Screws^  for  cheek  plate 

3 

No.  12. 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

*  Nut  and  its  washer,  No.  7.    f  Two  nuts,  No.  5.— See  Plate  IV.    t  Nuts  not  chamfered. 
Bevel  Washers— Plate  IV.    ||  Plate  V— Washers  and  nuts,  No.  7.    ** Plates  I,  II,  and  HI. 

tt  Plate  IV. 


8  PART    3. SIEGE    CARRIAGES. 

WHEEL.  — PLATE   VI. 
Wood  loork. 

One  nave,  ^ 

Fourteen  spokes,  [>  White  oak. 

Seven  fellies.        J 

The  corners  of  the  fellies  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .8  inch; 
except  at  the  rear  of  the  spokes,  where  the  rounding  is  .3  inch. 

Seven  dowels.  They  are  round,  tapering  a  little  towards  the 
ends. 

Iron  work. 

Two  brow  bands,  ")  The  inner  edge  of  the  band,  on  the  side 
Two  end  bands,    j  next  to  the  spokes,  is  slightly  rounded,  to 
prevent  it  from  chafing  the  nave  when  it  is  driven  on.      The 
outer  edge  of  the  end  band,  on  the  thickest  side,  is  chamfered 
.15  inch.     Each  band  is  fastened  with  three  nails. 
One  tire.     Hoop  tire,  shrunk  on  in  the  usual  manner. 
Seven  tire  bolts.     Seven  washers  and  seven  nuts  for  the  same. 
One  nave  box,  (brass.)     It  is  fastened  with  wooden  wedges. 

Bolts  and  nails  for  one  wheel. 


Designation. 

1 
1 

Kind. 

Length. 

Washers 
for  nuts. 

Tire  bolts 

7 
12 

No.4,H. 
No.  1,  C. 

In. 
5.94 
2. 

7 

Nails  for  nave  bands.  ••• 

LIMBER.  » 

LIMBER.  — PLATES   VII    and    VIII. 
Wood  work. — (White  oak.) 

Oiie  fork.  In  rear  of  the  axletree,  the  corners  are  rounded 
with  a  radius  corresponding  to  the  difference  of  width  of  the  wood 
and  the  iron,  where  it  does  not  exceed  1  inch.  In  front  of  the 
axle  tree,  the  lower  corners  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  1  inch, 
up  to  the  splinter  bar;  the  upper  corners  are  rounded  with  a  radius 
of  .8  inch,  in  front  of  the  sweep  bar. 

Two  hounds.  The  corners  are  chamfered  .5  inch,  except  where 
the  iron  work  is  applied.  The  upper  surface  of  the  hounds  is  in 
the  same  plane  with  that  of  the  fork,  for  a  length  of  16.2  inches 
from  the  rear  end;  from  that  point  it  slopes  towards  the  front,  the 
under  side  being  straight. 

One  splinter  bar.  It  is  straight  on  the  front  side.  The  ends 
are  rounded,  outside  of  the  hounds;  the  corners  of  the  middle  part 
are  chamfered  .5  inch,  as  shown  in  the  drawing. 

One  pole.  It  is  straight  on  the  upper  side,  the  taper  being  on 
the  lower  side,  beginning  at  the  splinter  bar.  It  is  connected 
with  the  fork  by  two  bolts. 

One  leading  bar.  It  has  an  oval  shape,  corresponding  with 
that  of  the  bands,  as  shown  in  Plate  VIII. 

Irons.— Flaie  VIII. 

One  bolt,  for  the  head  of  the  fork.  It  serves  as  a  rivet  for  the 
fork,  in  front  of  the  pintle.     Two  washers  and  one  nut  for  the  same. 

One  axletree,  like  that  for  the  gun  carriage.  It  is  let  into 
notches  on  the  under  side  of  the  fork  and  the  hounds,  so  that  the 
upper  surfaces  of  these  pieces  may  be  in  the  same  plane. 

One  pintle  plate.  The  holes  in  the  plate  are  perpendicular  to 
its  upper  surface.  The  form  and  dimensions  of  the  pintle  hole 
Part  3.-2 


10  PART   3. — SIEGE    CARRIAGES. 

are  determined  by  those  of  the  pintle.  The  plate  is  fastened  to 
the  fork  by  seven  nails  and  by  two  of  the  axle  strap  bolts. 

One  sweep  bar.  The  centre  of  the  circular  part  is  in  the  axis 
of  the  pintle  hole.  The  ends  are  turned  down  square,  over  the 
outside  of  the  hounds,  and  fastened  by  a  bolt  through  each  of  the 
ears  thus  formed.  The  sweep  bar  is  also  fastened  to  the  fork  by 
two  of  the  axle  strap  bolts,  and  to  the  hounds  by  two  of  the  bolts 
which  hold  the  understraps. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  ears  of  the  sweep  bar.  Two  washer's  and  two 
nufs  for  the  same. 

One  axle  strap.  The  corners  of  the  under  side  are  chamfered 
.  15  inch.  The  rear  end  has  an  eye  for  the  lashing  chain.  The 
strap  is  put  on  warm,  and  is  fastened  to  the  fork  by  six  bolts  and 
by  the  pintle. 

One  lashing  chain.  It  consists  of  four  rings  and  one  hook;  the 
first  ring  is  welded  into  the  eye  of  the  axle  strap. 

Six  bolts,  for  the  axle  strap.  Two  of  them  pass  through  the 
pintle  plate,  two  through  the  sweep  bar,  and  two  through  the  fork 
in  front  of  the  sweep  bar.  Two  washers  and  six  nuts  for  these 
bolts. 

Two  understraps,  fastening  the  hounds  to  the  axle  tree.  The 
lower  corners  are  chamfered  .  15  inch.  The  understraps  are  put 
oo  warm,  and  they  are  fastened  to  the  hounds,  each  by  two  bolts, 
one  of  w^hich  passes  through  the  sweep  bar. 

Four  bolts,  for  the  understraps.  Two  washers  and  four  nuts 
for  the  same. 

One  pintle.  The  upper,  conical  part  is  turned.  The  shoulder 
and  the  shank  should  be  fitted  accurately  in  the  mortises,  both  in 
the  pintle  plate  and  in  the  wooden  fork.  One  nut  for  the  lower 
p   J  of  the  pintle. 

Two  end  bands,  for  the  splinter  bar.  Their  edges  are  cham- 
fered .  1  inch.  They  are  put  on  hot,  and  are  fastened  each  by 
two  rivets 


Two  middle  bands,  for  splinter  bar.  The  upper  plates  are  let 
into  the  front  ends  of  the  fork,  and  the  bands  are  fastened  by  the 
bolts  which  connect  the  splinter  bar  and  fork. 

Four  trace  hooks,  for  the  splinter  bar.  They  are  welded  into 
the  loops  of  the  bands. 

One  bridle,  for  the  front  end  of  the  fork.  The  outer  corners 
are  chamfered  ,  15  inch.  It  is  fastened  by  the  two  bolts  which 
connect  the  fork  and  the  splinter  bar. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  splinter  bar  and  fork.  Two  nuts  for  the 
same. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  splinter  bar  and  hounds.  Four  washers  and 
two  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  bridle^  for  the  middle  of  the  fork.  The  outer  corners  are 
chamfered  .  15  inch.  It  is  fastened  to  the  fork,  at  the  rear  end 
of  the  pole,  by  four  nails. 

One  rivet,  for  the  rear  end  of  the  pole.     One  burr  for  the  same. 

One  eye  plate,  for  the  front  end  of  the  pole.  It  is  let  into  the 
middle  of  tie  pole,  and  is  fastened  by  two  bolts,  one  ferrule,  and 
one  clasp. 

Two  pole  chains.  Each  chain  consists  of  nine  links,  No.  6, 
one  S  link,  (coldshut,)  and  one  ring,  which  is  w^elded  into  a  hrle 
in  the  eye  plate. 

One  ferrule,  for  the  end  of  the  pole.  The  corners  are  cham- 
fered .15  inch.  It  is  put  on  hot,  at  the  same  time  that  the  eye 
plate  is  put  in  place. 

One  pole  clasp.  The  corners  are  chamfered  .15  inch.  The 
ends  form  two  ears  through  which  the  clasp  bolt  passes,  one  of 
them  being  tapped  to  receive  the  thread  of  the  bolt.  The  clasp 
is  fastened  also  by  one  of  the  eye  plate  bolts. 

One  clasp  bolt.  The  head  is  hexagonal.  It  has  no  nut,  being 
screv/ed  into  the  tapped  ear  of  the  clasp. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  eye  plate  of  the  pole.  Three  washers  and  two 
nuts  for  the  same. 


12  PART   3. — SIEGE  CARRIAGES. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  pole  and  fork.  Four  washers  and  two  nuts 
for  the  same. 

One  middle  band,  for  the  leading  bar. 

A  hook,  for  fastening  the  leading  bar  to  the  eye  plate  of  the 
pole,  is  welded  into  the  rear  loop  of  the  band,  and  a  double  trace 
hook  into  the  front  loop.  The  band  is  fastened  to  the  leading  bar 
by  two  rivets. 

Two  end  bands,  for  leading  bar,  like  those  for  the  splinter  bar. 
They  are  fastened  each  by  two  rivets.  They  have  also  two  trace 
hooks,  like  those  on  the  splinter  bar. 

Two  axle  shoulder  washers,  ^ 


Two  linch  washers, 
Two  linch  pins, 
Two  wheels. 


Like  those  on  the  gun  carriage. 


LIMBER.  13 

Bolts,  rivets  and  nails  for  limber  of  siege  carriages. 


DESIGNATION. 


Bolls. 

For  pintle  plate 

axle  strap. 


"  sweep 

\  hounds, 
bar, 

(^understraps. . 

"  hounds  and  understraps 

"  fork  and  axle  strap 

"  splinter  bar  and  hounds. , 

"  splinter  bar  and  fork. . . , 

"  pole  and  fork , 

"  fork 

"  pole  and  eye  plate 

"  pole  clasp  and  eye  plate 

"  pole  clasp 


Kind. 


No.  4,  C, 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  4,  D 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.2,D 

Do. 
No.  2. 


In. 
8.15 
8.4 
4.43 
6.38 
5.8 
7.85 
7.72 
8.8 
11.15 
10.35 
3.75 
4. 
1.5 


Hexag'l  head. 
No  nut. 


Rivets. 

For  pole 

"  splinter  bar  bands. 
"  leading  bar  bands. 


No.3,B. 
No.  2. 
Do. 


JSToib. 

For  pole  bridle... 

"  pintle  plate. . 


4.75 

3.5 

3.5 


f  Wire    riveted 
I    at  both  ends. 


No.2,C.   3. 
No.3,C.   3. 


14  PART    3. SIEGE    CARRIAGES. 


MORTAR  WAGON. 


This  wagon  is  designed  for  the  transportation  of  siege  mortars 
and  their  beds,  or  of  siege  guns,  or  large  shot  and  shells.  It  has 
the  same  limber  as  the  siege  gun  carriage. 

Wood  work.— Pldiie  IX. 

White  oak  is  used  for  all  the  wood  work. 

Two  middle  rails.  They  are  framed  together,  and  form  the 
stock  of  the  wagon.  The  upper  corners  are  rounded  with  a 
radius  of  .6  inch,  on  the  inside,  from  the  breech  bolster  to  the 
pintle  hole,  except  at  the  front  cross  bar;  on  the  outside,  they  are 
rounded  in  their  whole  length,  including  the  front  end.  The 
lower  corners  are  rounded  in  like  manner,  except  at  the  axle  body. 

One  front  transom.  It  is  placed  between  the  middle  rails,  in 
front  of  the  pintle  plate,  and  is  fastened  by  two  dowels.  The 
grain  of  the  wood  runs  in  the  same  direction  as  that  of  the  rails. 

Two  dowels.  They  are  round;  they  pass  through  the  front 
transom  into  the  rails. 

One  middle  transom.  It  is  placed  between  the  front  cross  bar 
plate  and  the  assembling  bar;  its  ends  have  wedge-shaped  tenons 
which  are  let  into  the  middle  rails,  on  the  inside. 

One  rear  transom.  It  is  placed  between  the  middle  rails,  and 
rests  on  the  axle  body;  its  tenons  are  let  into  the  inner  sides  of 
the  rails.  The  top  of  the  transom  is  sloped  towards  the  rear, 
end  hollowed  out,  with  a  radius  of  10  inches,  to  form  a  bolster 
for  supporting  the  breech  of  the  gun.  The  corners  of  this  sloping 
surface  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .6  inch. 

Two  side  rails.  The  upper  corners  are  rounded  with  a  radius 
of  .6  inch,  except  the  inner  corners,  opposite  to  the  windlass, 
where  the  rounding  is  .4  inch.  The  lower  corners  are  rounded 
,6  inch,  except  at  the  axle  body.  The  ends  are  chamfered  .75  inch. 


MORTAR  WAGON.  15 

One  rear  cross  bar.  It  is  let  into  the  rear  of  the  middle  rails, 
and  its  ends  are  let  into  the  side  rails.  The  lower  corners  are 
chamfered  .5  inch,  between  the  rails. 

Six  middle  cross  bars.  They  are  placed  between  the  middle 
rails  and  the  side  rails,  and  are  let  into  both.  The  lower  corners 
are  chamfered  .5  inch. 

Two  front  cross  bars.  They  rest  on  the  assembling  bar,  and  are 
let  into  the  middle  and  side  rails  their  full  size. 

Two  bottom  planks.  The  upper  corners  are  rounded  with  a 
radius  of  .6  inch.  They  are  fastened  to  the  front  and  rear  cross 
bars,  each  by  one  bolt,  and  to  the  other  cross  bars  by  two  nails 
in  each. 

One  axle  body.  The  upper  corners  are  rounded  with  a  radius 
of  .6  inch.  The  lower  corners  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  1.25 
inch,  except  under  the  middle  rails,  where  the  rounding  is  .4  inch. 
The  corners  of  the  ends  are  chamfered  .2  inch.  There  are  two 
circular  cuts  in  the  upper  side  of  the  axle  body,  for  the  roller 
handspikes  to  lie  in. 

The  drawings  of  the  axle  body  show  the  manner  in  which  the 
middle  and  side  rails  are  notched  into  it. 

One  windlass.  The  corners  of  the  middle  part  are  rounded 
with  a  radius  of  1  inch.     The  other  parts  are  turned  in  the  lathe. 

Two  handspikes,  for  working  the  windlass. 

One  muzzle  bolster.  It  is  intended  to  support  the  neck  or  the 
muzzle  of  the  gun,  when  the  wagon  is  loaded  with  one.  The 
upper  part  is  hollowed  out  for  this  purpose.  The  upper  corners, 
and  those  of  the  ends,  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .6  inch.  The 
bolster  is  fastened  to  the  middle  rails  and  to  the  front  transom  by 
five  iron  dowels. 

Six  stakes.  They  support  a  strong  frame  which  is  placed  on 
the  wagon,  for  carrying  balls.  This  frame  is  made  of  4  planks, 
12  inches  wide  and  1.25  thick,  dovetailed  together  and  strength- 
ened by  iron  corner  plates. 


16  PART   3. SIEGE  CARRIAGES, 


Irons, — Plate  X. 


One  assembling  bar.  It  passes  through  the  middle  rails,  under 
the  front  transom  and  cross  bars,  and  is  traversed  by  the  bolts  of 
the  cross  bar  plate. 

Two  handspike  hooks.  The  corners  of  the  plate  are  chamfered 
.  15  inch.  They  are  fastened  to  the  outside  of  the  middle  rails, 
against  the  front  cross  bars,  each  by  two  nails. 

One  assembling  bolt.  It  passes  through  the  rails,  the  rear  tran- 
som, and  the  two  middle  cross  bars  which  are  over  the  axle  body. 
Two  washers  and  one  nut  for  this  bolt. 

One  eye  plate,  for  the  lashing  chain.  It  is  placed  between  the 
middle  rails,  in  rear  of  the  pintle  hole,  and  is  fastened  by  a  bolt. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  front  ends  of  the  middle  rails.  One  of  them 
passes  through  the  front  transom,  the  other  through  the  eye 
plate.     Four  washers  and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  manceuvring  staples.  They  are  driven  into  the  under  side 
of  the  middle  rails,  in  rear  of  the  eye  plate  bolt. 

Two  cross  bar  plates.  They  are  placed  over  the  front  and  rear 
cross  bars,  and  are  bolted  to  them  and  to  the  rails. 

Twelve  bolts,  for  cross  bar  plates.  JVine  washers  and  twelve 
nuts  for  the  same. 

One  lock  chain  bridle.  The  loop  is  rounded;  the  edges  of  the 
plates  are  chamfered  .  15  inch.  It  is  fastened  under  the  left  side 
rail  by  two  bolts,  one  of  which  is  the  bolt  which  fastens  the  cross 
bar  plate  to  the  rail. 

One  bolt,  for  the  lock  chain  bridle.     One  nut  for  the  same. 

One  lock  chain  and  shoe,     )  Like  those  on  the  gun  carriage : 

One  key,  for  the  shoe.         >  Plate  IV. 

One  trail  plate.  It  is  fastened  under  the  front  ends  of  the 
middle  rails  by  eleven  nails. 


MORTAR  WAGON.  17 

One  lunette.  The  square  plate,  which  reinforces  the  upper 
side  of  the  lunette,  is  fastened  to  the  lower  plate  by  four  rivets, 
which  are  countersunk  in  both  plates. 

The  corners  of  the  under  side  of  the  lunette  are  chamfered  .  15 
inch. 

The  reinforce  plate  is  let  into  the  under  side  of  the  middle  rails, 
and  the  lunette  plate  is  also  let  in,  to  the  depth  of  .25  inch. 

One  bridle^  for  the  pintle  to  bear  against.  The  upper  corners 
are  chamfered  .15  inch.  It  is  placed  on  the  upper  side  of  the 
middle  rails,  over  the  lunette  plate.  The  part  which  is  turned, 
downwards,  perpendicular  to  the  plate,  is  let  into  the  rear  end  of 
the  front  transom. 

Three  holts,  for  the  lunette  and  bridle.      Three  nuts  for  the  same. 

Two  wheel  guard  plates,  like  those  for  the  gun  carriage,  Plate 
IV,  except  that  they  are  bent  to  fit  the  rounding  of  the  rails. 
They  are  fastened  to  the  middle  rails,  against  the  front  cross  bars, 
each  by  six  nails. 

One  axle  tree,  like  that  of  the  gun  carriage. 

Two  under  straps.  The  outer  corners  are  chamfered  .  15  inch. 
The  straps  are  put  on  warm;  they  are  fastened  to  the  side  rails, 
each  by  two  bolts. 

Four  bolts,  for  the  understraps.  Their  heads  are  let  into  the 
upper  side  of  the  rails.     Four  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Four  bolts,  for  the  middle  rails  and  axle  body.  Their  heads 
are  let  into  the  upper  side  of  the  rails.     Four  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  axle  straps.  The  outer  corners  are  chamfered  .15  inch. 
They  serve  as  washers  to  the  four  bolts  just  mentioned. 

One  breech  hurter.  It  is  let  into  the  middle  rails,  on  the  upper 
and  inner  sides,  in  rear  of  the  lodgment  for  the  breech  of  the  gun, 
and  it  is  fastened  hy  four  nails. 

Six  stake  sockets.     The  outer  corners  are  chamfered  .15  inch; 

the  inner  corners  are  slightly  rounded.     They  are  bolted  on  the 

outside  of  the  side  rails;  the  middle  socket  opposite  to  the  middle 
Part  3—3 


18  PART  3. — SIEGE  CARRIAGES. 

cross  bar;  the  ends  of  the  others  opposite  to  the  inside  of  the 
front  and  rear  cross  bars. 

They  receive  the  stakes  which  support  the  sides  of  the  frame 
for  carrying  shot.  The  sockets  and  the  stakes  have  holes  through 
them  for  pins,  to  prevent  the  stakes  from  being  lost. 

Ten  bolts,  for  stake  sockets.  Ten  washers  and  ten  nuts  for  the 
same. 

Two  lock  chain  hooks.  They  take  the  places  of  two  bolts  in 
fastening  the  front  and  middle  stake  sockets  on  the  left  side. 
Two  washers  and  two  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  tarbucket  hook,  like  that  for  the  limber  of  field  carriages. 
It  is  fastened  on  the  outside  of  the  left  side  rail,  near  the  rear 
end,  by  two  nails. 

Four  roller  plates,  for  handspike  sockets  on  the  windlass.  The 
outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  15  inch.  The  edges  of  the  holes  are 
rounded.  The  plates  are  fastened  on  the  square  part  of  the  wind- 
lass, each  by  eight  nails. 

Two  roller  bands.  They  are  let  into  the  ends  of  the  roller,  and 
fastened  each  by  three  nails. 

Two  journal  boxes,  (brass.)  They  are  let  into  the  ends  of  the 
windlass  their  whole  depth.  For  this  purpose  an  annular  mortise 
is  made  in  the  wood,  and,  after  the  box  is  driven  in,  the  wood  on 
the  inside  of  it  is  removed  to  the  depth  of  1.75  inch,  which  is  oc- 
cupied by  the  journal. 

Two  journals,  for  the  windlass.  They  are  cylindrical,  with 
necks  which  are  riveted  into  the  oval  plates  on  the  outside  of  the 
rails.  By  unscrewing  the  nuts  which  confine  these  plates,  the 
journals  may  be  taken  out  and  the  windlass  removed,  when  ne- 
cessary. 

Two  ovaljournal plates.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  15  inch. 

Two  circular  journal  plates.  They  are  fastened  on  the  inside 
of  the  rails,  each  by  two  nails  and  by  the  two  bolts  which  fasten 
the  oval  plates. 


MORTAR  WAGON.  10. 

Four  bolts,  for  journal  plates.     Four  nuts  for  the  same. 

Two  roller  hooks.  They  are  driven  into  the  windlass  at  5.5 
inches  from  the  centre,  projecting  1.6  inch  in  the  clear.  They 
are  designed  to  fasten  the  ends  of  the  rope  which  is  wound  on 
the  windlass. 

Two  handspike  straps.  The  middle  part  is  round.  The  plates 
are  fastened  on  the  small  end  of  the  handspike  by  two  rivets. 
The  strap  forms  a  loop  to  hang  the  end  of  the  handspike  on  the 
hook. 

Two  shoulder  washers,  for  the  axle  tree, 

Two  wheels,  Like  those   for  the 

Two  linch  washers,  fg^^  carriage. 

Two  linchpins. 


20 


PART    3.— SIEGE  CARRIAGES. 


Bolts,  rivets  and  nails  for  mortar  wagon. 


DESIGNATION. 


Bolts. 

For  the  rails  and  rear  transom 

"   middle  rails,  front  transom  and  eye  ) 

plate * .  ) 

r  lock  chain  bridle 

"  front  cross-  i  right  side  rail 

bar  plate,  1  middle  rails 

[  bottom  planks 

r.^r.cc   C  side  rails 

"     W  Ttf  ■  \  middle  rails 

bar  plate,   ^  bottom  planks 

"  lunette  and  bridle ] 

"  lock  chain  bridle 

"  under  straps 

"  axle  straps 

"  stake  sockets , 

"  stake  sockets  and  lock  chain  hooks. , 

"  roller  journal  plates , 


Kind. 


No.  4,  A. 
Do. 

No.4,C. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  4,  B. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  3,  D. 
No.  3.* 
No.3,C. 


t 


In. 

41.2 

13.75 

7.4 
7. 

8.55 
5.13 
8.13 
7.55 
5.3 
7.95 
7.75 
7. 

7.95 
14.65 
5.13 
5.13 
5.2 


■73 

(U 

S 

ffi 

^ 

Rivets. 


For  lunette  plate,  r 

"  two  handspike  straps 


No.  3,  C. 
No.  2. 


2. 
2.5 


Nails. 

For  trail  plate. 

"  handspike  hooks ... 

"  wheel  guard  plates . . 

"  breech  hurter 

"  bottom  planks 

"  tar  bucket  hook 

"  roller  journal  plates. 

"  roller  bands , 

"  handspike  sockets . . . 


No.  3,  C. 
No.2,C. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  1,C. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 


3.5 

2.5 

3. 

3. 

3.25 

2.5 

2.5 

2. 

2. 


Plate  X. 


BILLS    OF    TIMBER. 


21 


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Part  3—4 


PART    3. SIEGE    CARRIAGES. 


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'H. 

BILLS    OF    IRON. 

Bills  of  iron  for  siege  gun  carriages. 


23 


NAMES  OF  PARTS, 


1  Stock  assembling  bolt. 


(Head 

^Body 

1  manceuvring  bolt 

2  collars  for  manoeuvring  bolt 

2  washers  for  manoeuvring  bolt 

2  washers  for  manoeuvring  bolt 

6  rondelles cast  iron, 

2  assembling  bolts .{  n    y*' 

^  I  bodies 

1  lock  chain  bolt.  ]dj 

1  ring ^  f 

2  rings { 

1  \  r'\^"  Vt*  'V  !^  For  Jock  chain \ 

JO  hiiks  No.  5..  I 

18  links  No.  7..  | 

1  toggle J  t 

1  shoe draft. 

1  steel  for  shoe 

1  key  for  shoe 

2  trunnion  plates drafts. 


4  end  pieces  for  trunnion  plates. 


2  chin  bolts .  (  Heads 

2  key  bolts. .  \  Bodies 

2  bevel  washers  for  chin  bolts. 

Heads 

Bodies 


4  cheek  bolts. 


f  Heads....  ] 

2  travelling  trunnion  bolts.  {  5 

l^  Bodies. . .  \ 

2  trunnion  plate  bolts 

2  cap  squares drafts, 

2  cap  square  chains,  No.  3 

2  ring.s,  No.  2,  A 

4  eye  pins,  No.  3 

2  cap  square  keys 

2  key  chains.  No.  2 

2  rings,  No.  2,  B 


Width 


In. 

2.5 

1.25 

1.25 

4. 

3.5 

3.5 

2.5 
1.25 
3. 
1.5 

0.75 
.625 
.5 

.375 
.625 

2. 

5.75 
1. 

4. 

4.25 

4.75 

2.5 

l.i/5 

3.75 

2.5 

1.25 

2.5 

2.75 

1.25 

1.5 

0.625 

0.25 
.25 

1. 

1.75 

0.2 
.25 


Thick- 


In. 

Round 
Round 

1.25 

0.5 

0.375 
.25 

Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
0.75 

0.375 
.5 

0.625 
.6:^5 
.625 

1.25 
Round 

2. 

Round 
Round 

1.25 

1.5 
Round 
Round 
Round 

Round 
Round 
Round 
0.5 
Round 
Round 


12-pr.    18-pr.  24-pr 


In. 

3.5 

8.2 
20. 
14.75 

7. 
7. 

7. 
42.2 

4. 
21.1 
10.5 
15.5 

7.5 

97.5 

127.1 


9.5 
4.5 

38. 


18. 
76.8 
4.5 
14. 
63.1 
11. 

26.6 

14. 

42. 

8. 

4. 

7. 
27.5 

7. 


In. 

3.5 
9.85 
20.5 
14.75 

7. 

7. 

7. 

47.4 

4. 
23.7 
10.5 
15.5 

7.5 

97.5 

127.1 

7. 

9.5 
4.5 


41.5 

18. 
77.2 
4.5 
14. 
65. 

11. 

27. 
14. 

42. 

8. 
4. 

27  !5 

7. 


In. 

3.5 
10.75 
20. 8 
14.75 

7. 

7. 

7. 
51.8 

4. 
25.9 
10.5 
15.5 

7.5 

97.5 

127.1 

7. 

9.5 
4.5 


40.5 
18. 
81.0 
4.5 
14. 
67.8 

11. 

28. 
14. 

42. 

8. 

4. 

7. 

27.5 

7. 


94  PART  3, SIEGE  CARRIAGES. 

Bills  of  iron  for  siege  gun  caniages — Continued. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Width 


2  eye  pins  No.  2 ■ 

1  axletree draft. 


2  understraps. 
1  axle  strap. . 


2  bolts  for  axle  body.  I  H'lf/^- 

2  axle  bands 

6  nails  for  axle  bands 

1  lock  chain  hook 

1  hook  for  shoe 

1  cheek  plate 

1  box  for  elevating  screw brass. 

2  bolts  for  box 

1  elevating  screw 

1  head  for  elevating  screw , 

4  handles  for  elevating  screw 

1  strap  staple 

2  wheel  guard  plates 

12  nails  for  wheel  guard  plates 

1  lunette draft 

1  rondelle  for  lunette 

3  rivets  for  rondelle . . , 

2  bolts  for  lunette , 

1  trail  plate 

1  reinforce  for  trail  plate 

6  rivets  for  trail  plate 

29  nails  for  trail  plate 

2  bolster  bolts   ^  ^^^^^^ 


Bodies.. . . 
2  axle  shoulder  washers. . . 
2  linch  washers  and  hooks. 

2  linch  pins 

8  washers  No.  4 

J3  washers  No.  7 

1  washer  No.  9 

2  nuts  No.  3 

7  nuts  No.  4 

4  nuts  No   5 

14  nuts  No.  7 


Thick- 
ness. 


In. 


4. 

4.25 

4.75 

3. 

2. 

1. 

1.5 

0.25 

1.25 

1. 

1.5 

0.75 

2.375 

3.5 

1.125 

0.25 

6.5 

0.3 


In. 

Round 

0.75 
.75 
.75 
.625 

Round 
Round 

0.375 

.25 

Round 

Round 

0.125 

Round 
Round 

2. 
Round 
Round 

0.25 

0.3 


5.         0.625 
0.375  Round 


.75 
9. 
5.75 


Round 

0.5 

.5 


0.375  Round 

.375!  0.375 

1.5      Round 


0.75 

1.5 

3.5 

1.5 

2.5 

4. 

4.75 

1.25 

1.5 

2. 

2.5 


Round 
0.625 
.625 
.75 
.188 
.25 
.25 
.625 
.75 
1. 
1.25 


12- 


pr. 


In. 
3.5 


36.75 


11. 

6. 
26.5 
60. 
16. 

6. 

2. 

6. 

27.5 
19. 

3.5 
26. 

5. 
13. 
38. 

5. 

4. 
27.3 
39. 

9. 

6.9 
105. 

5. 
23.6 
29. 
11.5 
10. 
20. 
52. 

4.75 

2.5 
10.5 

8. 
35. 


18-pr. 


24-pr. 


In. 


3.5 


37.5 

11. 

6. 
26.5 
60. 
16. 

6. 

2. 

6. 

27.5 
19. 

3.5 
26. 

5. 
13. 
38. 

5. 

4. 
27.3 
39. 

9. 

6.9 
105. 

5. 
24.2 
2'K 
11.5 
10. 
20. 
52. 

4.7i 

2.5 
10.5 

8. 
35. 


In. 
3.5 


37.5 
11. 

6. 
26.5 
60. 
16. 

6. 

2. 

6. 

27.5 
19. 

3.5 
26. 

5. 
13. 
38. 

5. 

4. 
27.3 
39. 

9. 

6.9 
105. 

5. 
24.9 
29. 
11.5 
10. 
20. 
52. 
4.75 

2.5 
10.5 

8. 
35. 


BILLS    OF    IRON.  25 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  siege  carriage  wheel. 


NAMES    OF    PARTS. 


2  brow  bands 

2  end  bands 

12  nails  for  bands 

1  tire 

7  tire  bolts 

7  washers 

7  nuts 

1  nave  box brass. 


Width. 


Thickness . 


In. 

1.5 

1.75 

0.25 

4. 

0.75 

2.5 

1.5 


In. 

0.375 
.375 
.25 
.75 
Round 
0.188 
.75 


Length. 


In. 

92. 
73. 
25.5 
186. 
52. 
17.5 
10.5 


Bill  of  iron  for  one  siege  carriage  limber. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Width. 


Thickness 


Length. 


1  axletree draft. 

1  pintle  plate draft. 

7  nails  for  pintle  plate 

1  sweep  bar 

2  bolts  for  sweep  bar  and  hounds 

1  axle  strap 

1  lashing  chain 

1  hook  for  lashing  chain 

4  axle  strap  bolts,  No.  4,  C 

2  axle  strap  bolts,  No.  4,  D 

2  understraps 

2  undersirap  bolts,  No.  4,  C 

2  understrap  bolts,  No.  4,  D 

1  pintle 

1  nut  for  pintle 

2  end  bands  for  splinter  bar 

2  middle  band^  for  splinter  bar 

4  trace  hooks  for  splinter  bar 

1  bridle  for  end  of  fork 

5  heads  of  bolts,  No.  4,  D 

1  fork  bolt — body 

2  bolts  for  splinter  bar  and  fork — bodies. . 

2  bolts  for  pole  and  fork — bodies 

2  bolts  for  splinter  bar  and  hounds , 

1  pole  bridle , 

4  nails  for  pole  bridle , 

1  pole  rivet 


In. 


In. 


#In. 


0.375 

0.375 

22. 

4. 

.75 

48. 

0.75 

Round 

11.86 

2.75 

0.625 

64. 

0.5 

Round 

25. 

1.5 

0.5 

6. 

0.75 

Round 

39.1 

1.25 

Round 

8. 

3. 

0.625 

36. 

0.75 

Round 

15.75 

1.25 

Round 

6.5 

2.5 

2.5 

11.5 

2.5 

1.25 

2.5 

2.5 

0.625 

22. 

2.5 

.625 

17. 

0.75 

Round 

46. 

2. 

0.5 

16. 

1.25 

Round 

10. 

0.75 

Round 

6.35 

.75 

Round 

9.6 

.75 

Round 

14.3 

1.25 

Round 

8. 

1.75 

0.5 

16. 

0.3 

.3 

12.5 

.5 

Round 

3. 

3d  PART    3. — SIEGE    CARRIAGES. 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  siege  carriage  limber. — Continued. 


NAMES  OP  PARTS. 


1  burr  for  pole  rivet 

1  eye  plate  for  pole 

2  pole  chains 

1  ferrule  for  pole 

1  pole  clasp 

1  clasp  bolt 

2  bolts  for  eye  plate  and  pole. 
1  middle  band  for  leading  bar 
1  hook  for  middle  band 

1  double  trace  hook 

2  end  bands  for  leading;  bar. . 
2  trace  hooks  for  leading  bar. 

10  rivets  for  bands 

2  axle  shoulder  washers 

2  linch  washers  and  hooks. . . 

2  linch  pins 

3  washers,  No.  2 

]6  wash||,  No.  4 

2  nuts,  No.  2 

19  nuts,  No.  4 


Width. 


In. 

1.125 

5.5 

0.5 

2. 

2.5 

1. 

1. 

2.5 

1. 

0.75 

2.5 
.75 
.25 

1.5 

3.5 

1.5 

1.625 

2.5 

1. 

1.5 


Thickness, 


In. 

0.25 

1. 

Round 

0.2 

.5 

Round 

Round 

0.625 
Round 
Round 

0.C25 
Round 
Round 
0.625 
.625 
.75 
.125 
.188 
.5 
.75 


Lenffth. 


In. 

1.125 

10. 

150. 

10. 

10. 

1.5 

4.5 
12. 
12. 
21. 
22! 
23. 
35. 
29. 
11.5 
10. 

5. 
40. 

2. 
28.5 


Bill  of  iron  for  one  mortar  wagon. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Width .    Thickness 


Lcnffth. 


1  assembling  bar 

2  handspike  hooks 

1  assembling  bolt. .  \  Body,*.'.*.*]***. 

1  eye  plate 

2  bolts  for  middle  rails.. . .  \  gQ^jgg' 

2  manoeuvring  staples 

2  cross  bar  plates 

12  bolts  for  cross  bar  plates , 

1  lock  chain  bridle , 

1  boll  for  lock  chain  bridle , 

1  ring 1 

2  rings j 

221in&NoV7:^F«'^^«'^^^^^'"- 
15  links  No.  5. 
1  toggle 


In. 

3.75 

1,5 

1.5 

0.75 

3. 

1.5 

0.75 

.625 
3.375 
0.75 
2.5 
1.5 
0.75 
0.625 

.5 

.625 

.375 
2. 


In. 
0.75 
.5 

Round 
Round 

1.5 
Round 
Round 
Round 

0.5 
Round 

0.625 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 

0.75 


In. 
38.55 

7. 

2.5 
37.2 

3.5 

5. 

19.5 
26. 
88. 
67.06 

6. 

3.5 
10.5 
15.2 

7.5 
143. 
97.5 

7. 


BILLS  OF  IRON.  27 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  mortar  wagon — Continued. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


1  shoe draft. 

1  steel  for  shoe 

1  key  for  shoe 

I  trail  plate 

1  lunette 

1  reinforce  plate  for  lunette 

4  rivets  for  lunette 

1  bridle  for  pintle 

3  bridle  and  lunette  bolts 

2  wheel  guard  plates 

1  axletree draft. 

2  understraps 

4  understrap  bolts 

2  axlestraps 

4axie  strap  bote.. |J^„^^^f/^;;;;;;;;;;;; 

1  brrech  hurter 

6  stfike  sockets 

10  bolts  for  slake  sockets 

2  lock  chain  hooks 

1  tar  bucket  hook 

4  roller  plates 

2  roller  bands 

2 journal  boxes bras.s. 

2  journals 

2  oval  journal  plates , 

2  circular  journal  plates , 

4  bolts  for  journal  plates , 

2  roller  hooks , 

2  axle  shoulder  washers , 

2  linch  washers  and  hooks , 

2  linch  pins , 

2  handspike  straps , 

2  rivets  for  handspike  straps , 

]2  washers,  No.  3 , 

15  washers,  No.  4 

16  nuts,  No.  3 

27  nuts,  No.  4 , 

44  nails,  No.  1 , 

32  nails,  No.  2 

J 1  nails,  No.  3 


Width. 


Thickness , 


In. 


5.75 
1. 

8. 

6. 

4. 

0.375 

5. 

0.75 

6.5 

2.75 

1.5 

2.5 

1.5 

0.75 

2. 

2.5 

1. 

1.25 

1. 

5.5 

1.25 

1.625 

6.5 

6. 

0.625 

.75 

1.5 

3.5 

1.5 

1.5 

0.25 

2. 

2.5 

1.25 

1.5 

0.25 

.3 

.375 


In. 


0.375 
.5 
.5 
.75 
.75 
Round 
0.3 
Round 
0.25 

0.5 

Round 

0.5 
Round 
Round 

2. 

0.375 
Round 
Round 

0.25 

0.3 

0.2 

Round 
0.3 
.3 
Round 
Round 
0.625 
.625 
.75 
.375 
Round 
0.125 
0.188 
.625 
.75 
.25 
.3 
.375 


Length. 


In. 


9.5 

4.5 

9.6 

9. 

5. 

8. 
11. 
28.15 
13. 

62. 
12. 
20. 
10. 
42. 

6. 
72. 
35. 
10. 

5. 
43. 
34.5 

13. 
7.25 
12. 
25.3 

10. 
29. 
11. 
10. 
13. 
5. 
24. 
37.5 
20. 
40.5 
96.34 
100.86 
39.82 


28  PART    3. SIEGE    CARRIAGES. 

Summary  bills  of  iron  for  siege  gun  carriages. 


Width 

Thick- 
ness. 

12-PODNDER. 

18-POUNDER. 

24-POUNDER. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lb3. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.2 

Round 

2.29 

.24 

2.29 

.24 

2.29 

.24 

For  chains  No.  2. 

0.25 

Round 

5.17 

.84 

5.17 

.84 

5.17 

.84 

3  feet  6  inches  for 

0..^75 

Round 

9.03 

3.32 

9.U3 

3.32 

9.03 

3.32 

chains  No.  3. 

0.5 

Round 

.62 

.40 

.62 

.40 

.62 

.40 

0.625 

Round 

13.05 

13.31 

13.05 

13.31 

13.05 

13.31 

0.75 

Round 

7.40 

10.88 

7.46 

10.96 

7.52 

11.05 

1.0 

Round 

3. 

7.83 

3. 

7.83 

3. 

7.83 

1.125 

Round 

i    2.17 

7.18 

2.17 

7.18 

2.17 

7.18 

1.25 

Round 

1  18.57 

75.95 

17.12 

70.01 

18.11 

74.07 

1.5 

Round 

I     2.18 

12.84 

4.64 

27.33 

4.91 

28.92 

2.0 

Round 

.5 

5.23 

.5 

5.23 

.5 

5.23 

2.375 

Round 

1.58 

23.32 

1.58 

23.32 

1.58 

23.32 

Hammered. 

2.5 

Round 

2.04 

33.37 

2.04 

33.37 

2.04 

33.37 

3.0 

Round 

.33 

7.77 

.33 

7.77 

.33 

7.77 

0.25 

0.25 

1.33 

.28 

1.33 

.28 

1.33 

.28 

0.3 

0.3 

3.17 

.95 

3.17 

.95 

3.17 

,95 

0.375 

0.375 

8.75 

4.11 

8.75 

4.11 

8.75 

4.11 

1. 

0.5 

.38 

.64 

.38 

.64 

.38 

.64 

1.25 

0.625 

.21 

.55 

.21 

.55 

.21 

.55 

1.25 

1.25 

1.67 

8.77 

1.71 

8.97 

1.73 

9.08 

1.5 

0.125 

.5 

.31 

.5 

.31 

.5 

.31 

1.5 

0.375 

5.0 

9.45 

5.0 

9.45 

5.0 

9.45 

1.5 

0.625 

2.42 

7.62 

2.42 

7.62 

2.42 

7.62 

1.5 

0.75 

1.71 

6.46 

1.71 

6.46 

1.71 

6.46 

1.75 

0.5 

.58 

1.70 

.58 

1.701 

.58 

1.70 

2.C 

0.75 

.     .58 

2.92 

.58 

2.92 

.58 

2.92 

2.0 

1.0 

.67 

4.50 

.67 

4.50 

.67 

4.50 

2.5 

0.188 

1.67 

2.62 

1.67 

2.62 

1.67 

2.62 

2.5 

1.25 

5.33 

55.95 

4.42 

46.41 

4.42 

46.41 

Hammered. 

2.75 

1.5 

_ 

.93 

12.89 

.93 

12.89 

Hammered. 

3.0 

0.625 

.93 

5.86 

.93 

5.86 

.93 

5.86 

3.5 

0.25 

.58 

1.70 

.58 

1.70 

.58 

1.70 

3.5 

0.375 

.58 

2.56 

.58 

2.56 

.58 

2.56 

3.5 

0.625 

.96 

7.04 

.96 

■  7.04 

.96 

7.04 

3.5 

2. 

.29 

6.82 

.29 

6.82 

.29 

6.82 

3.75 

2. 

.38 

9.57 

.38 

9.57 

.38 

9.57 

4.0 

0.25 

4.33 

14.54 

4.33 

14.54 

4.33 

14.54 

4.0 

0.5 

1.23 

8.26 

1.23 

8.26 

1.23 

8.26 

4.0 

0.625 

3.17 

26.63 

- 

- 

- 

- 

In  one  piece. 

4.0 

0.75 

3.06 

30.84 

- 

-     ' 

- 

- 

In  one  piece. 

Forward 

- 

423.13 

-     . 

m.84 

- 

383.69 

BILLS  OF  IRON.  29 

Summary  bills  of  iron  for  siege  gun  carriages — Continued. 


Width 

Thick- 
ness. 

- 

12-POUNDER. 

18-PO  UNDER. 

24-POUNDER. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Forw'd. 

- 

- 

423.13 

- 

377.84 

- 

383.69 

4.25 

0.625 

_ 

_ 

3.46 

30.86 

_ 

_ 

In  one  piece. 

4.25 

0.75 

_ 

_ 

3.13 

33.52 

_ 

_ 

Do 

4.75 

0.25 

.40 

1.60 

.40 

1.60 

.40 

1.60 

Do. 

4.75 

0.625 

_ 

3.38 

33.70 

Do. 

4.75 

0.75 

_ 

_ 

_ 

_ 

3.13 

37.46 

Do. 

5. 

0.625 

.42 

4.41 

.42 

4.41 

.42 

4.41 

5.75 

0.5 

.75 

7.24 

.75 

7.24 

.75 

7.24 

6.5 

0.25 

1.08 

5.89 

1.08 

5.89 

1.08 

5.89 

9.0 

0.5 

3.25 

49.14 

3.25 

49.14 

3.25 

49.14 

In  one  piece. 

5.75 

0.375 

0.79 

26.3 

0.79 

29.2 

0.79 

36.14 

Steel  for  shoe. 

r 

2  trunnion  plates. 

- 

16. 

- 

17.7 

- 

20.45 

2  cap  squares. 

Drafts I 

- 

222. 

- 

222. 

- 

222. 

!l  axletree. 

^ 

16.5 

- 

16.5 

_ 

16.5 

1  lunette. 

. 

- 

21.5 

- 

21.5 

- 

21.5 

1  shoe. 

793.71 

- 

817.4 

- 

839.72 

( 

_ 

43.5 

_ 

43.5 

_ 

43.5 

2  rondelles. 

Cast  iron.. 

- 

52.5 

- 

52.5 

- 

52.5 

4  rondelles. 

> 

- 

96. 

- 

96. 

- 

96. 

Cast  brass... 

" 

15.37 

- 

15.37 

- 

15.37 

Box  for  screw. 

Part  3—5 


so  PART    3. SIEGE    CARRIAGES. 

Summary  bill  of  iron  for  one  siege  carriage  wheel. 


Width. 

Thickness. 

Length. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.75 

Round 

4.33 

6.36 

0.25 

0.25 

2.12 

.44 

1.5 

0.375 

7.66 

14.48 

1.5 

0.75 

.87 

3.29 

1.75 

0.375 

6.08 

13.37 

2.5 

0.188 

1.46 

2.29 

4. 

0.75 

15.5 

156.24 

196.47 

Cast  brass 

24. 

IMfurp  Hnv 

Summary  bill  of  iron  for  one  siege  carriage  limber. 


Width. 

Thickness. 

Length. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.25 

Round 

2.92 

.47 

0.5 

Round 

14.83 

9.70 

0.75 

Round 

15.58 

22.90 

1.0 

Round 

1.5 

3.91 

1.25 

Round 

2.71 

11.08 

0.3 

0.3 

1.04 

.31 

0.375 

0.375 

1.83 

.86 

1.0 

0.5 

.17    i 

.28 

1.125 

0.25 

.09 

.08 

1.5 

0.5 

0.5 

1.26 

1.5 

0.625 

2.42    , 

7.62 

1.5 

0.75 

3.21 

12.13 

1.75 

0.5 

1.33 

3.91 

2. 

0.2 

.83    i 

1.11 

2. 

0.5 

1.33 

4.46 

2.5 

0.188 

3.33 

5.23 

2.5 

0.5 

.83  ; 

3.48 

Hammered . 

2.5 

0.625 

6.08 

31.92 

Hammered . 

2.5 

1.25 

.21      ! 

2.20 

2.5 

2.5 

.96 

20.16 

Hammered . 

2.75 

0.625 

5.33 

30.75 

3.0 

0.625 

3. 

18.90 

3.5 

0.625 

.96 

7.05 

Hammered . 

4.0 

0.75 

4.         1 

40.32 

5.5 

1. 

.83 

1 
J 

15.34 

222.00 

36.50 

Draft  for  axletree . 
Draft  for  pintle  plate. 

513.93 

BILLS    OF   IRON. 

bill  of  iron  for  one  mortar  wagon. 


31 


Width. 

Thickness 

.     Length. 

Weight. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.25 

Round 

.42 

0.06 

0.375 

Round 

8.79 

3.23 

0.5 

Round 

.62 

.40 

0.625 

Round 

17.46 

17.81 

0.75 

Round 

17.87 

26.27 

1. 

Round 

2.92 

7.62 

1.25 

Round 

.83 

3.39 

1.5 

Round 

2.75 

16.20 

1.625 

Round 

1.08 

7.46 

0.25 

0.25 

8.03 

1.68 

0.3 

0.3 

8.40 

2.53 

0.375 

0.375 

3.32 

1.56 

1. 

0.25 

.42 

.35 

1. 

0.5 

.37 

.62 

1.25 

0.2 

2.89 

2.43 

1.25 

0.625 

1.67 

4.37 

1.5 

0.375 

1.08 

2.04 

1.5 

0.5 

.58 

1.46 

1.5 

0.625 

2.42 

7.62 

1.5 

0.75 

4.21 

15.91 

2. 

0.125 

2. 

1.68 

2. 

0.75 

.58 

2.92 

2. 

2. 

.50 

6.72 

2.5 

0.188 

3.12 

4.90 

2.5 

0.375 

6. 

18.90 

2.5 

0.5 

1.67 

7.01 

5.5 

0.625 

.50 

2.62 

Hammered. 

2.75 

0.5 

5.17 

23.88 

3. 

1.5 

.29 

4.38 

3.375 

0.5 

7.33 

41.56 

3.5 

0.625 

.92 

6.56 

3.75 

0.75 

3.21 

30.33 

4. 

0.75 

.42 

4.23 

5. 

0.3 

.92 

4.63 

5.5 

0.3 

3.58 

19.83 

€. 

0.3 

1. 

6.04 

6. 

0.75 

.75 

11.34 

6.5 

0.25 

1.08 

5.89 

6.5 

0.3 

.60 

3.93 

8. 

0.5 

.80 

10.75 

222.00 

21.50 

Draft  for  axletree 
Draft  for  shoe. 

584.61 

5.75 

0.375 

0.79 

5.72 

Steel  for  shoe. 

3.5 

Brass,  for  two  journal  boxes. 

32  PART  3. — SIEGE  CARRIAGES. 

Re7narks  on  the  bills  of  iron. 

The  general  remarks  on  the  bills  of  iron,  in  Part  2,  page  92, 
apply  also  to  the  bills  of  iron  for  siege  carriages. 

The  drafts  of  pieces  which  are  to  be  hammered  to  peculiar 
shapes  are  represented  in  Plate  XIII,  together  with  some  of  the 
formers  required  for  shaping  the  iron  work. 

As  most  of  the  formers  for  siege  carriages,  such  as  ^those  for 
trunnion  plates,  cap  squares  and  understraps,  are  made  in  the 
same  manner  as  the  formers  for  similar  parts  of  field  carriages,  it 
is  not  considered  necessary  to  represent  them  separately.  Their 
shapes  and  dimensions  are  easily  deduced  from  the  drawings  of 
the  irons  themselves,  and  of  the  formers  for  field  carriages. 


ARTILLERY 


PART    FOURTH 


Correction— Par/  Third. 
Page?— Line  ''rivets  for  trail  plate,"  for  "0.9,"  read  "  1.15. 


FIELD   AND   SIEGE   CARRIAGES. 


f  •  L'l  B  ii  A  U  i     I 

TTNIV^RSITY   OF 


CALIFORNIA. 


1  848, 


PART   FOURTH 


ARTILLERY   HARNESS. 

The  construction  of  the  field  carriages  requires  a  harness  dif- 
lerent,  in  some  respects,  from  that  of  common  wagons.  The 
limber  having  no  sweep  bar,  the  pole  is  supported  directly  by 
the  wheel  horses,  by  means  of  a  chain  which  connects  the  hames 
with  the  pole  yoke  of  the  limber;  and,  in  order  to  diminish  the 
weight  at  the  end  of  the  pole,  the  leading  bars  are  dispensed 
with,  the  traces  of  the  leaders  being  attached  to  those  of  the 
wheel  horses. 

The  same  harness  is  perfectly  adapted  also  to  the  siege  carri- 
ages; but,  as  these  are  arranged  for  draught  in  the  ordinary  man- 
ner, common  wagon  harness  may  be  used  with  them,  if  necessary. 

Black  leathe)'  is  used  for  the  harness,  when  not  otherwise  speci- 
fied; it  should  be  of  the  best  quality,  and  the  strongest  leather  is 
selected  for  the  parts  which  are  exposed  to  the  greatest  strain, 
such  as  traces  and  breeching.  The  leather  is  sewed  with  strong 
waxed  thread,  in  doi^ble  stitch,  with  about  eight  stitches  to  the 
inch.  The  seam  along;  an  edge  is  .15  inch  or  .2  inch  from  the 
edge.  The  awls  should  be  small  for  the  thread.  The  ends  of 
the  thread  should  be  well  fastened  before  they  are  cut  off. 

Straps,  or  other  pieces  which  have  buckles  or  iron  loops  at- 
tached to  them,  are  generally  doubled  on  a  length  equal  to  twice 
their  width,  to  receive  the  buckle  or  loop,  which  is  fastened  by 
two  seams.     The  double  end  is  shaved  down. 

Standing  loops  are  placed  close  to  the  buckles.  Their  ends  are 
shaved  down,  brought  together,  and  fastened  between  the  two 
parts  of  the  strap,  if  it  is  doubled- 


2  PART    4. — ARTILLERY  HARNESS. 

The  tongue  holes  for  buckles  are  made  with  a  punch  corres- 
ponding to  the  size  of  the  tongue.  Their  distance  apart  is  gene- 
rally equal  to  the  width  of  the  strap,  and  the  first  hole  is  at  double 
that  distance  from  the  end  of  the  strap.  This  end  is  shaved 
down  and  reduced  in  width,  to  facilitate  its  entrance  into  the 
buckle. 

The  buckles,  loops,  rings  and  hooks  are  of  wrought  iron  japan- 
ned, (black.)     The  buckles  are  all  made  with  rollers. 

Note. — A  layer  is  a  piece  of  leather  sewed  upon  another  piece, 
to  strengthen  it. 

A  chape  is  a  piece  used  to  fasten  a  buckle  or[|a  loop  to  a  strap, 
or  other  piece  of  leather. 

A  billet  is  a  strap  which  enters  a  buckle. 

A  safe  is  a  piece  of  leather  placed  under  a  buckle,  &c.,  to  pre- 
vent it  from  chafing. 

Head  gear . — Plate  I. 

The  head  gear  is  made  of  strong,  black  bridle  leather,  not  less 
than  .  1  inch  thick. 

Halter.  One  crown  piece^  having  a  billet  at  each  end,  for  the 
buckles  of  the  cheek  straps. 

Two  cheek  straps.  Each  of  them  is  sewed  to  a  square  iron 
loop,  and  has  at  the  upper  end  a  buckle y  with  one  standing  and 
one  sliding  loop. 

One  brow  band,  having  a  loop  at  each  end,  through  which  the 
crown  piece  passes. 

One  nose  band,  sewed  to  the  same  loop  as  the  cheek  straps. 

Two  chin  straps.  They  are  double,  and  are  sewed  to  the  loops 
of  the  cheek  straps,  and  also  to  another  square  iron  loop  in  rear. 

One  throat  strap.  It  is  made  double  and  sewed  to  the  last  men- 
tioned iron  loop;  its  upper  end  is  formed  into  a  loop  to  receive 
the  throat  lash. 


MEAD    GEAR.  3 

One  tkroai  lash^  with  one  buckle^  one  standing  and  one  sliding 
loop  on  the  left  side.  It  passes  through  the  loops  in  the  brow 
band  and  the  throat  straps 

One  chain^  (common  halter  chain.)  It  consists  of  about  65 
links,  Noi  1,  connected  by  two  rings  and  a  swivel.  It  is  fastened 
by  a  ring  to  the  loop  which  connects  the  chin  straps  of  the  halter. 
The  other  end  of  the  chain  has  a  toggle  and  a  loose  ring^  to  hitch 
with.     Whole  length  of  chain,  4^  feet. 

Bridle.  One  crown  piece.  It  is  split  at  each  end,  so  as  to 
form,  at  one  end,  two  billets  for  the  buckles  of  the  cheek  straps, 
and  at  the  other,  one  billet  and  one  buckle  strap^  with  a  buckle 
and  a  standing  loop^  for  the  throat  lash. 

One  brow  bajid,  formed  into  a  loop  at  each  end  for  the  crown 
piece  to  pass  through* 

Two  cheek  straps.  Each  of  them  is  sewed  at  the  lower  end 
into  an  iron  loop,  and  has  at  the  upper  end  a  buckle,  with  one 
standing  and  one  sliding  loop,  to  fasten  it  to  the  crown  piece. 
Two  billets  for  attaching  the  bit  to  the  loops  of  the  cheek  straps. 
Each  billet  has  a  buckle  with  one  standing  and  one  sliding  loop. 

Two  reins.  Each  rein  is  sewed  to  a  billet,  which  has  a  buckle^ 
a  standing  and  a  sliding  loop^  for  attaching  it  to  the  bit*  The 
short  rein  is  on  the  near  side,  and  has  a  buckle,  a  standing  and  a 
sliding  loop,  for  the  billet  of  the  long  rein* 

The  bit*  It  is  made  of  iron,  tinned*  The  bars  are  riveted 
into  the  cheek  pieces.  There  may  be  different  degrees  of  severity 
in  the  curve  of  the  port  mouth;  that  represented  in  the  plate  being 
the  most  severe.  The  width  of  the  bit,  between  the  cheeks, 
also  varies  for  three  sizes,  viz:  4|  inch,  5  inch,  and  5\  inch; 
about  three-fifths  being  of  the  medium  size. 

The  curb  chain  consists  of  19  links,  diminishing  in  size  from 
the  middle  towards  each  end.  It  is  attached  by  an  S  to  the  right 
cheek  piece,  and  by  a  hook  to  the  left. 


PART   4. — ARTILLERY    HARNESS, 


Driver^ s  Saddle. — Plate  I 


The  TREE.  The  frame  is  made  of  beech,  and  consists  of  the' 
pommel,  the  cantle  and  two  side  bars,  which  are  notched  into  the 
pommel  and  cantle.  The  frame  is  covered  with  canvas,  which  is 
glued  on  and  painted. 

The  iron  parts  are :  Two  pommel  plates.  The  upper  one  is  fas- 
tened by  six  rivets  passing  through  both  plates;  the  lower  one  by 
two  additional  rivets  in  each  end,  one  of  which  holds  one  end  of 
the  stirrup  bar.  One  cantle  plate,  fastened  on  the  under  side  of 
the  cantle  and  the  side  bars  by  ten  rivets. 

Two  stirrup  bars.  The  front  end  fastened  to  the  pommel  by 
one  of  the  rivets  of  the  lower  pommel  plate;  the  rear  end  fastened 
to  the  side  bar  by  one  rivet.  The  stay  is  formed  of  a  piece  of  iron 
bent  round  the  stirrup  bar,  and  fastened  to  the  side  bar  by  one 
rivet.  There  is  a  roller  on  each  side  of  the  stay,  for  the  stirrup 
and  girth  billets  to  pass  over. 

Two  loops,  with  rollers;  one  fastened  to  the  pommel,  the  other 
to  the  cantle,  by  two  of.  the  rivets  which  hold  the  plates.  The 
saddle  tree  is  covered  with  hemp  webbing  and  strong  tow  hnen, 
stretched  on  and  nailed  to  the  tree. 

Leather  parts.  The  seat  is  covered  with  black  upper  lea- 
ther, and  stuffed  with  deer's  hair.  Two  skirts  are  sewed,  with 
welts,  to  the  cover  of  the  seat.  Two  iron  loops,  for  holster  straps, 
Tare  fastened  to  the  front  of  the  saddle  by  leather  loops  which  pass 
through  slits  in  the  skirts,  and  are  nailed  to  the  tree. 

Two  inner  skirts,  or  flaps,  nailed  to  the  side  bars,  protect  the 
pad  from  being  chafed  by  the  stirrup  and  girth  leathers.  The 
pad  is  made  of  russet  sheep  skin,  lined  with  strong  linen,  and 
faced  with  black  sheep  skin;  it  is  stuffed  with  deer's  hair,  and 
quilted. 

Two  iron  loops,  for  cloak  straps,  are  fastened  by  leather  loops 
which  are  nailed  to  the  under  side  of  the  cantle. 


SADDLES.  St 

One  billet,  for  the  collar  strap,  is  sewed  to  tlie  upper  loop  on 
the  pommel. 

Two  girth  billets,  and  two  billets  for  the  trace  loops,  are  sewed 
on  the  stirrup  bars,  behind  the  middle  stay. 

Two  stirrup  leathers  pass  over  the  stirrup  bars  in  front  of  the 
stay;  the  buckle,  with  one  standing  and  one  sliding  loop,  is  sewed 
to  the  thin  end  of  the  strap,  which  is  doubled  and  stitched,  on  a 
length  of  8  inches,  where  it  passes  through  the  eye  of  the  stirrup. 

The  girth  is  of  thick  black  leather.  It  has  a  buckle  and  a 
standing  loop  fastened  to  each  end  by  a  layer. 

The  pommel  and  the  cantle  are  plated  with  sheet  brasSy  No.  20, 
fastened  with  brass  tacks. 

Valise  Saddle. — Plate  I. 

The  tree.  The  frame  is  made  like  that  of  the  driver's  saddle, 
except  in  its  dimensions. 

The  lower  pommel  plate  is  fastened  by  ten  rivets,  six  of  which 
also  hold  the  upper  plate.  These  plates  have  holes  in  them  for 
the  shank  of  the  bridle  hook.  The  hole  in  the  upper  plate  is 
square;  that  in  the  lower,  round. 

The  cantle  plate  is  fastened  under  the  cantle  with  eight  rivets. 

The  hook  for  the  reins  is  fastened  to  the  top  of  the  pommel  by 
a  nut.     The  end  of  the  shank  should  be  riveted  over  the  nut. 

Two  loops,  for  the  collar  strap  and  the  crupper,  are  fastened  to 
the  pommel  and  cantle,  as  in  the  driver's  saddle.  Four  oval 
rings,  for  the  valise  straps,  are  fastened  by  staples  which  are  driven 
into  the  tree;  two  of  them  in  the  side  bars  and  two  in  the  cantle. 

The  seat  and  the  pad  are  formed  as  in  the  driver's  saddle,  but 
the  seat  is  not  stuffed.  The  skirts  are  joined  in  a  similar  manner 
to  the  cover  of  the  seat. 

The  girth  is  of  leather,  and  is  sewed  to  the  off  skirt  of  the 
saddle;  it  has  a  buckle  and  two  loops,  fastened  to  it  by  a  layer.  A 
billet  for  the  girth  is  sewed  to  the  near  skirt. 


6  PART   4. — ARTILLERY  HARNESS. 

Two  billets,  for  the  trace  loopsj  pass  through  the  skirts,  and  are 
nailed  to  the  side  bars. 

Two  valise  straps^  each  with  a  buckle^  a  standing  and  a  sliding 
loop. 

A  billet  for  the  collar  strap  is  sewed  to  the  iron  loop  on  the 
pommel. 

The  crupper  strap  is  double.  It  is  sewed  to  the  iron  loop  on 
the  cantle,  and  has  another  loop^  with  a  roller,  attached  to  the 
rear  end,  for  the  back  strap  of  the  crupper  to  pass  through,  so 
that  the  same  crupper  may  fit  both  saddles. 

Valise. — Plate  I. 

The  valise  is  made  of  black  bridle  leather,  and  lined  with  cot- 
ton ticken.  The  lining  is  pasted  to  the  inside  of  the  valise;  it  is 
sewed  round  the  borders  of  the  outer  cover,  forming  a  pocket 
which  has  an  opening  in  the  middle.  The  inner  flap  is  held 
down  by  a  strap  passing  through  six  staples  of  iron  wire.  No.  12, 
and  fastened  by  a  buckle  and  loop-^  a  strip  of  leather  is  stitched 
over  the  inner' ends  of  the  staples. 

The  ends  of  the  valise  are  double. 

The  cover  is  fastened  down  by  three  billets  and  three  buckle 
straps  and  loops.  The  handles  are  of  leather,  rounded  and  sewed 
into  the  ends.  Two  loops,  1  inch  wide,  for  the  valise  straps  to 
pass  through,  are  sewed  to  the  bottom  of  the  valise. 

TF%.— Plate  I. 

The  stock  is  of  hickory  or  of  raw  hide,  about  30  inches  long. 
It  is  covered  with  braided  leather.  A  loop  for  the  hand  is  fas- 
tened to  the  butt  of  the  whip. 

The  leather  should  be  well  fastened  together  at  the  small  end, 
A  lash  of  thread  is  tied  on,  and  not  plaited  in  with  the  leather. 


DRAUGHT  HARNESS.  I 

Leg  Guard.— Fleiie  II. 

The  body  is  made  of  stout  kip  leather;  two  layers  are  stitched 
to  the  upper  and  lower  parts.  The  under  strap,  to  pass  under  the 
foot,  is  sewed  to  the  bottom.  Four  leg  straps,  each  with  a  buckle 
and  a  loop,  are  fastened  to  the  body  of  the  leg  guard,  under  the 
plate.  The  billet  ends  of  these  straps  pass  through  slits  in  the 
body. 

The  plate  is  of  iron  .  1  inch  thick,  and  is  fastened  to  the  body 
with  five  rivets. 

Draught  Harness. — Plates  II  and  III. 

The  collar.  The  rim  is  made  of  bridle  leather,  and  stuffed 
with  uncut  rye  straw.  The  ielly,  made  of  upper  leather,  in  two 
pieces,  is  stuffed  with  straw  cut  into  pieces  not  longer  than 
\  inch.  The  collar  is  made  open  at  the  top,  and  the  size  is  regu- 
lated by  two  buckle  straps  and  two  billets  sewed  to  the  open  ends. 
A  pad,  made  of  black  sheep  skin,  stuffed  with  deer's  hair,  pro- 
tects the  neck  of  the  horse  from  being  chafed  by  these  straps. 

The  hames  are  made  of  iron,  and  painted  black.  The  branches 
have  studs  forged  on  them  to  receive  the  bolts  of  the  joint  loops 
for  the  trace  tugs;  these  loops  turn  freely  on  the  bolts.  Two 
links,  for  supporting  the  breast  strap,  are  welded  into  the  eyes  of 
the  bolts. 

Two  rings,  for  the  trussing  straps,  are  welded  into  the  rec- 
tangular eyes  at  the  upper  ends  of  the  branches.  The  branches 
are  joined  together,  at  the  lower  ends,  by  a  clasp  which  is  made 
fast  to  the  off  branch.  The  chain  and  toggle,  for  connecting  the 
pole  yoke  with  the  hames,  are  fastened  to  the  hames  clasp.  See 
Part  2,  Plate  XII. 

Two  leather  safes  are  sewed  round  the  branches,  under  the 
joint  loops,  to  protect  the  collar  from  being  chafed  by  the  trace  tugs. 


8  PART    4. ARTILLERY  HARNESS. 

Two  trace  tugs,  made  of  four  layers  of  leather,  .63  inch  thick, 
are  stitched  into  the  joint  loops  and  into  two  loop  rings  through 
whicli  the  traces  pass. 

Two  trussing  straps^  each  with  one  buckle,  one  standing  and  one 
sliding  loop,  pass  through  the  rings  in  the  upper  ends  of  the 
hames.     They  are  used  for  trussing  up  the  harness. 

One  hames  strap,  with  a  buckle  and  two  loops,  connects  the  two 
branches  together  at  the  top. 

One  collar  strap,  having  one  buckle  and  one  loop,  passes  round 
the  hames  strap,  and  is  buckled  to  the  billet  on  the  pommel  of 
the  saddle,  to  keep  the  collar  in  place. 

The  TRACES,  for  the  wheel  and  the  leading  harness,  are  alike, 
except  in  the  length  of  the  leather  part. 

The  leather  trace  is  made  of  three  layers  of  leather,  making  a 
thickness  of  .63  inch.  An  iron  loop  is  fastened  to  each  end  with 
three  rivets,  .25  inch  thick. 

The  trace  chains  are  made  of  iron  .3  inch  diameter.  The  front 
chain  has  Jive  links  and  a  toggle.  The  rear  chain  has  fourteen 
links,  four  rings,  (oYal,)  and  a  toggle. 

Two  trace  loops.  The  loop  is  formed  by  doubling  the  leather. 
It  has  at  the  upper  end  a  buckle  and  a  standing  loop,  by  means  of 
which  it  is  connected  with  the  billet  on  the  saddle.  At  the  lower 
end  of  each  trace  loop  is  an  iron  loop,  to  which  the  belly  band  is 
sewed.  The  belly  band  is  made  in  two  parts,  one  being  a  billet, 
and  the  other  having  a  buckle  and  a  standing  loop. 

One  loin  strap,  for  supporting  the  traces.  It  is  the  same  for 
the  wheel  and  the  leading  harness,  except  in  length.  A  layer  is 
sewed  under  the  middle  of  the  wheel  loin  strap,  forming  a  loop 
through  which  the  back  strap  of  the  crupper  passes.  Each  end 
of  the  loin  strap  is  buckled  into  a  loop,  like  those  just  described, 
through  which  the  trace  passes. 

The  CRUPPER.  The  dock  is  made  of  a  piece  of  leather,  3.5 
inches  wide  and  14  inches  long,  which  is  doubled  and  rounded. 


BREECHING.  iJ 

without  being  stuffed.  A  buckle  and  a  standing  loop  are  sewed  to 
each  end-  The  body  of  the  crupper  is  split,  at  the  rear  end,  into 
two  billets  which  connect  it  with  the  buckles  of  the  dock.  At 
the  other  end  are  a  buckle  and/owr  loops  for  the  billet  of  the  back 
strap.  A  layer,  10  inches  long,  is  sewed  on  the  body,  leaving  an 
opening  for  the  hip  strap  to  pass  through;  a  short  layer  is  in- 
serted, under  the  first,  in  rear  of  this  opening.  The  back  strap 
is  sewed  in  under  the  first  layer  in  front  of  the  opening  for  the 
hip  strap.  The  back  strap,  passing  through  the  loop  in  the  mid- 
dle of  the  loin  strap,  and  through  the  iron  crupper  loop  on  the 
saddle,  returns  to  the  buckle  on  the  body  of  the  crupper.  A 
sliding  loop  holds  the  two  parts  together,  near  the  saddle. 

Breeching-. 

The  breech  strap  is  made  of  thick  harness  leather.  A  laye?-, 
also  of  stout  leather,  is  stitched  on  the  outside  of  the  strap.  A 
buckle  and  three  standing  loops  are  fastened,  at  each  end,  by  both 
these  pieces  of  leather,  which  are  turned  back  three  or  four 
inches  and  stitched  down.  Two  iron  loops  are  fastened  by  chapes 
sewed  to  the  breech  strap. 

Four  tugs,  for  the  hip  straps,  are  fastened  to  the  breech  strap; 
two  of  them  in  the  buckles,  and  two  in  the  iron  loops.  These  tugs 
are  made  double,  and  have  each  a  buckle  and  three  standing  loops 
attached  to  them.  A  safe  is  sewed  to  the  inside  of  each  tug,  to 
prevent  it  from  chafing  the  horse. 

The  hip  strap  is  made  in  one  piece,  split  at  each  end  into  two 
billets  which  buckle  into  the  tugs  of  the  breech  strap. 

The  breast  strap  is  made  of  three  layers  put  together  in  such  a 

manner  as  to  make  the  strap  .63  inch  thick  in  the  middle,  and 

.5  inch  at  the  ends,  where  it  is  buckled  to  the  breech  strap.     The 

breast  strap  is  supported  by  the  iron  loops  on  the  hames,  and  by 

the  trace  loops  attached  to  the  saddle.     An  iron  loop,  with  an 

eye  for  the  pole  chain  hook,  slides  on  the  middle  part  of  the 
Part  4.-2 


10 


PART  4. — ARTILLERY  HARNESS. 


breast  strap;  it  is  covered  with  leather,  to  prevent  it  from  chafing 
the  strap. 

The  pole  chain  hook  is  like  the  trace  hook  of  the  limber;  it  is 
welded  into  the  eye  of  the  sliding  loop,  and  forms  a  direct  con- 
nection between  the  pole  and  the  breeching,  independently  of 
the  collar  and  hames. 

Plate  III  represents  the  harness  of  each  horse  complete.  It 
shows  the  manner  in  which  the  parts  are  put  together,  and  also 
the  manner  of  hitching  the  horses  to  the  carriage. 

Harness  required  for  each  horse. 


WHEELERS. 


Near 
side. 


Halter 

Bridle 

Driver^s  saddle 

Valise  saddle  and  valise 

Collar  and  hames 

i  wheel 

Traces,  < 

( leading 

Trace  loops  and  belly  band 

C  wheel. . 
Loin  straps  and  trace  loops,  < 

( leading 

Crupper 

Breeching,  hip  strap  and  breast  strap 

Leg  guard 

Whip 


Off 
side. 


Near 
side. 


Off 
side. 


DIMENSIONS, 


11 


Dimensions  of  the  principal  leather  parts  of  artillery  harness^  with 
the  number  and  size  of  buckles. 


Halter.  <I 


crown  piece. . 
cheek  straps. 
brow  band. . . 
nose  band. . . 
chin  straps. . . 
throat  strap . . 
throat  lash. . . 


Bridle. 


crown  piece. . . , 

throat  lash.... 
brow  band. . . . . 
cheek  straps . . , 
bit  billets , 

-'-.  ISv: 

billets  for  reins. 


Driver's 
Saddle. 


Valise 
Saddle. 


skirts 

billet  for  collar  strap . 

girth  billets 

trace  loop  billets. . . . , 

stirrup  leathers 

.girth 


Valise. 


skirts 

girth  billet 

girth 

trace  loop  billets 

billet  for  collar  strap. 

crupper  strap 

valise  straps 


body 

ends 

inner  flap 

strap  for  flap.... 

cover 

buckle  straps. .. 
^billets  for  buckle 


Width 


In. 

1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1. 

1.75 

.75 
1. 
1. 
1. 
1. 
1. 
1. 

7. 

15.5 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.5 
2.5 

11. 
2.5 
2.5 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1. 

18. 

6.25 

4. 
.88 
.10 


Cut. 


44 


Fin- 
ished. 


In. 

30 
8 

15 

14 

5.25 
6.25 

42 

31 

42 
16 

8 

9 
60 
40 

9 


18 

2 
7.5 


buckles. 


No.  Width 


In. 
1.25 


.75 

1 
1 

1 
1 


1.5 
1.25 


1.5 


1. 


12 


PART   4. ARTILLERY  HARNESS. 


Table  of  dimensions — Continued. 


Leg  Guard. 


Collar  and 
Hames. 


Traces  and 
Straps. 


body 

foot  strap, 
leg  straps. , 


collar  billets . . . 

trace  tugs 

trussing  straps, 
hames  strap. .. 
collar  strap . . . . 


wheel  traces., 
leading  traces . 
trace  loops. . . , 

belly  band. . . 


r  wheel . . . . 

loinstrapJj-tiijf:-:: 

1^ loops  ...  . 


dock . 


Crupper.  I  {^^y^y-f-yj^^^ 


back  strap. 


Breeching. 


''  breech  strap 

layer  for  breech  strap. 

tugs 

safes 

hip  strap 

breast  strap 


Width 


In. 

17 

.88 

.75 

1. 

1.75 

1. 

1.25 

1.25 

1.75 
1.75 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 

.3.5 
1.75 
1.25 
1.25 

2.5 

1.75 

1.25 

2.25 

2.5 

1.75 


Cut. 


In. 

20.5 

14 

26 

11 
17 
34 
21 
15 

50 
96 
21 
31 
16 
48 
60 
6 
23 

14 
20 
10 
31 

48 

50 

13 

6 

48 


Fin- 
ished. 


In. 


14 
24 

11 

7 
32 

18 
9 

50 
96 

9 

25 
13 
48 
60 

6 
10 

14 
20 
10 
31 

42 

42 

6 

6 

48 

150 


No.  Width 


In. 


.75 

1. 

2     1, 
1     1.25 
1     1.25 


1.25 
1.25 


1.25 

0.88 
1.25 


1.75. 
1.25 


ARTILLERY 


PART    FIFTH. 


GUN  CARRIAGE  AND  EaUIPMENTS 


FOR  THE    SERVICE    OP 


MOUNTAIN    ARTILLERY 


1848. 


PART    FIFTH 


MOUNTAIN    ARTILLERY. 


The  artillery  for  mountain  service  is  a  light  12-pounder  how- 
itzer, with  a  carriage,  adapted  to  transportation  on  pack  horses. 
For  occasional  draught,  when  the  roads  permit,  the  carriage  is 
furnished  with  shafts,  which  are  used  with  the  same  saddle  that 
carries  the  pack.     See  Plate  VI. 

The  gun  and  the  shafts  are  packed  on  one  horse,  and  the  car- 
riage on  another. 

The  ammunition  is  packed  in  small  chests,  two  of  which  form  a 
load  for  one  horse. 

Two  (#ests,  like  those  for  the  ammunition,  contain  a  set  of 
carriage-maker's  tools,  for  repairs. 

A  portable  forge,  an  anvil  and  other  smith's  tools,  adapted 
chiefly  to  shoeing  horses,  are  packed  in  two  chests,  and  form 
also  the  load  of  one  horse. 

GUN   CARRIAGE. 

Wood  work, — Plate  I. 

One  stock,  (white  oak.)  It  is  made  of  two  pieces,  put  to- 
gether with  two  dowels.  The  head  of  the  stock  is  hollowed  out, 
in  two  cylindrical  surfaces,  to  form  a  bed  for  the  howitzer,  the 
trunnions  being  lodged  in  the  sides  of  the  stock. 

The  corners  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  1  inch,  where  they 
are  not  covered  by  the  irons. 

One  axle  tree,  (tough  hickory.)  It  is  made  of  two  pieces, 
which  are  bolted  and  riveted  together,  having  an  iron  skean  be- 
tween them.  The  lower  corners  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of 
1  inch;  the  upper  corners,  outside  of  the  stock,  are  rounded  .4  inch. 


PART   5. MOUNTAIN    ARTILLERY 


Irons. — Plate  II, 


Two  assembling  bolts,  for  the  middle  and  trail  of  the  stock. 
Four  washers  and  two  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  assembling  bolt,  for  the  head  of  the  stock.  Two  washer 
hooks  (drag  hooks)  and  one  nut  for  this  bolt. 

Two  trunnion  plates.  Their  outer  corners  are  chamfered  .1  inch, 
from  each  end  up  to  the  cap  squares.  They  are  fastened  each 
by  three  bolts  and  three  nails.  The  sides  of  the  stock  are  dressed 
down  to  the  width  of  the  trunnion  plates. 

Two  chin  bolts,   )  The   edges   of  the   heads,  above   the   cap 

Two  key  bolts.  S  square,  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  Four  nuts 
for  these  bolts. 

Two  trunnion  plate  bolts.     Two  nuts  for  the  same. 

Two  cap  squares.  Their  upper  edges  are  chamfer^ .  1  inch. 
An  eye  pin  for  the  chain  is  riveted  to  each  cap  square. 

Two  cap  square  chains.  Each  chain  consists  of  Jive  links.  No.  1, 
and  two  rings.  No.  1,  B. 

Two  cap  square  keys. 

Two  key  chains.  Each  consists  of  three  links.  No.  1,  and 
two  rings,  No.  1,  B. 

Four  eye  pins,  No.  1,  for  the  cap  square  chains  and  the  key 
chains.     They  are  screwed  into  the  sides  of  the  stock. 

Two  handspike  hooks,  screwed  into  the  sides  of  the  stock,  near 
the  head. 

Two  staples,  for  handspike  straps.  They  are  driven  into  the 
sides  of  the  stock  near  the  trail,  and  serve  to  hold  two  leather 
straps  with  buckles,  by  means  of  which  the  handspike  and  the 
sponge  and  rammer  are  fastened  on  the  carriage.  The  handspike 
is  carried  on  the  left  side;  the  sponge  and  rammer  on  the  right  side. 

One  lunette.  The  plate  forms  a  shoe  for  the  trail;  its  edges  are 
chamfered  .  15.     The  part  which  is  turned  up,  above  the  end  of 


GUN    CARRIAGE.  6 

the  stock,  forms  a  pointing  ring  for  the  handspike.  The  outer 
and  inner  corners  of  this  ring  are  slightly  rounded. 

The  lunette  plate  is  fastened  to  the  stock  by  six  nails  and  by 
two  rivets,  which  are  riveted  into  the  trail  plate,  on  the  upper 
side  of  the  stock. 

One  trail  plate.  The  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  It  has  an 
oblong  opening  for  the  lower  end  of  the  pointing  handspike  to 
pass  through,  into  the  hollow  made  for  it  in  the  stock.  The  rear 
end  of  the  trail  plate  is  bent  upwards,  and  it  is  fastened  to  the 
lunette  plate  by  two  rivets,  which  also  serve  to  fasten,  on  the  rear 
of  the  lunette,  a  knee  containing  a  hole  for  the  key,  by  means  of 
which  the  shafts  are  connected  with  the  gun  carriage. 

The  trail  plate  is  fastened  to  the  stock  by  six  nails  and  by  the 
two  rivets  which  pass  through  the  lunette  plate. 

One  handspike  staple.  It  is  driven  into  the  stock,  through  two 
holes  in  the  trail  plate,  and  serves  to  confine  the  lower  end  of  the 
handspike  when  it  is  used  for  pointing. 

Two  friction  plates.  They  are  let  into  the  sides  of  the  stock, 
against  the  washers  of  the  trail  assembling  bolt,  and  are  fastened 
each  by  two  nails. 

These  plates  are  designed  to  protect  the  stock  from  being  chafed 
by  the  supporting  bar  on  the  rear  of  the  shafts,  when  the  carriage 
is  limbered  up. 

One  box,  for  the  elevating  screw.  The  upper  edges  are  cham- 
fered .15  inch.  The  lower  projecting  part  of  the  box  is  let  into 
the  stock,  and  it  is  fastened  by  two  bolts. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  elevating  screw  box.  Two  washers  and  two 
nuts  for  the  same. 

One  elevating  screw.  It  is  finished  in  the  same  manner  as  the 
screw  for  a  field  carriage.     The  screw  has  10  threads  to  an  inch. 

One  axle  skean.  It  is  a  plate  of  iron  placed  between  the  two 
pieces  of  wood  which  form  the  axletree,  and  extending  through 
its  whole  length,  between  the  linch  pin  holes.     It  is  fastened  by 


4  PART  5.— MOUNTAIN    ARTILLERY. 

one  bolt  and  four  rivets,  two  of  which  pass  through  the  ferrules 
on  the  ends  of  the  axletree. 

One  dolt,  for  the  middle  of  the  axletree.  Two  washers  and 
one  nut  for  the  same. 

l\uo  rivets,  for  the  axle  arms.  Four  burrs  lor  the  same.  The 
burrs  are  let  in  flush  with  the  wood. 

Two  Jhrules,  for  the  axle  arms.  They  are  let  into  the  wood 
their  whole  thickness,  forming  solid  caps  for  the  ends  of  the  axle- 
tree,  to  which  they  are  fastened,  each  by  one  rivet.  The  linch 
pins  pass  through  them.  Pieces  of  wood  are  inserted  in  the 
spaces  left  between  the  two  parts  of  the  axletree,  outside  of  the 
linch  pin  holes. 

Two  axle  bands.  The  outer  corners  are  chamfered  .1  inch. 
They  are  put  on  hot,  and  are  fastened  to  the  axletree,  each  by 
two  nails. 

Two  understraps.  Their  lower  corners  are  chamfered  .1  inch. 
They  are  fastened  by  the  chin  b9lts,  key  bolts  and  trunnion 
plate  bolts. 

Two  linch  pins.     The  stem  is  round;  the  corners  of  the  head 
are  slightly  chamfered. 
'       Two  wheels. 

WHEEL.  — PLATE    I. 

Wood  work. 
One  nave.     Twelve  spokes.     Six  fellies  and  six  dowels.     All  of 

WHITE  OAK. 

Irons. 

Four  nave  bands.  The  corners  are  slightly  rounded.  The 
bands  are  fastened,  each  by  three  nails. 

One  tire,  fastened  by  six  bolts. 

Six  tire  bolts.     Six  washers  and  six  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  nave  box,  (brass.)  It  is  driven  into  the  nave,  and  made 
fast  by  wooden  wedges. 


GUN    CARRIAGE.  O 

SHAFTS.— PLATE   II. 

Wood  work. 

Two  shafts,  (tough  oak  or  ash.)  They  are  flat  on  the  top 
and  bottom,  and  rounded  on  the  sides. 

One  cross  bar,  (oak.)  It  is  joined  to  the  shafts  by  tenon  and 
mortise,  the  tenons  passing  through  the  shafts.  The  corners  are 
chamfered  .5  inch,  where  they  are  not  covered  by  the  irons.  A 
sloping  notch  is  cut  in  the  rear  of  the  middle  part,  for  the  trail  of 
the  stock  to  rest  in. 

Trons. 

One  cross  bar  plate.  The  comers  are  chamfered  .  1  inch.  It 
is  fastened  to  each  shaft  by  one  bolt,  two  rivets  and  two  screws, 
and  to  the  cross  bar  by  seven  screws. 

One  supporting  bar.  It  is  attached  to  the  shafts  by  the  bolts 
and  rivets  which  fasten  the  cross  bar  plate.  The  middle  part  of 
the  bar  is  bent  upwards,  at  right  angles,  to  form  a  loop  which  fits 
on  the  stock  of  the  gun  carriage.  The  corners  of  the  bar  are 
slightly  chamfered. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  cross  bar  plate.     Two  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  key,  for  connecting  the  shafts  with  the  trail  of  the  gun  car- 
riage.    It  is  attached  to  the  cross  bar  plate  by  a  chain  and  eye  pin. 

One  key  chain.  It  consists  of  eight  links.  No.  1,  and  two  rings. 
No.  1,  A. 

One  eye  pin,  No.  1.     It  is  riveted  into  the  cross  bar  plate. 

Two  staples,  for  the  shafts.  The  branches  pass  through  the 
shafts  and  are  riveted  into  four  burrs  on  the  upper  side. 

In  attaching  the  shafts  to  the  gun  carriage  the  supporting  bar  is 
laid  on  the  trail  plate,  near  the  handspike  staple,  and  the  knee  in 
rear  of  the  lunette  rests  on  the  cross  bar  plate,  the  holes  for  the 
key  in  these  two  pieces  corresponding  with  each  other. 


6  PART   5. MOUNTAIN    ARTILLERr. 

Implements . — Plate  III . 

One  handspike^  (hickory  or  oak.)  At  the  small  end  it  has  a 
strap  fastened  by  two  rivets,  forming  a  loop  by  which  to  hang  the 
handspike  on  its  hook.  At  eight  inches  from  the  other  end  there 
is  a  stop  like  that  on  the  handspike  of  a  field  carriage.  A  loop  of 
rope  fastened  in  two  holes  at  the  middle  of  the  handspike  serves 
to  assist  in  placing  the  gun  on  the  pack  saddle. 

One  sponge  and  rammer.  The  staff  (ash)  has  a  tenon  at  one 
end  for  the  rammer  head,  which  is  fastened  by  one  wooden  pin, 
and  at  the  other  for  the  sponge  head,  fastened  by  two  pins.  The 
rammer  head  is  countersunk  at  the  end,  to  avoid  striking  the  fuze 
in  ramming  a  shell.  The  neck  has  a  copper  band,  fastened  by 
three  nails. 

Near  the  rammer  head  an  eye  pin  is  riveted  into  the  staff,  for 
the  purpose  of  attaching  the  implement  to  the  carriage,  and  in 
the  middle  of  the  staff  is  a  loop  of  rope,  like  that  in  the  handspike, 
and  for  a  similar  use. 


GUN  CARRIAGE.  7 

BoltSy  rivets,  nails  and  screws  for  the  mountain  howitzer  carriage. 


1 
S 

1 

Kind. 

! 

WASHERS. 

DESIGNATION. 

1 

d 
^ 

REMARKS. 

Gun  carriage. 
Bolts. 

C  trail 

For  the  stock,  <  middle 

^head 

"  trunnion  plates 

"  chin  bolts 

1 
1 

1 
2 
2 
2 
1 
1 
1 

No.4,D. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  4. 

Do. 
No.  2,  D. 
No.l,C. 

Do. 

In. 

5.53 

8.88 
12.63 

9.2 
12.1 

7.8 

5.47 

7. 

8. 

1 
1 

1 

1 
1 

1 
1 
1 

^  Nuts  .63  in. 
C     thick. 

Plate  II. 

'*  key  bolts 

"  axletree 

* '   box  of  elevating  screw  j 

Rivets. 

For  lunette  and  trail  plate. . . 
"  axletree  arms 

2 
2 
2 
2 

No.  3,  C. 
No.  3,  B. 

No.  2. 
Do. 

5.6 
3.75 
3. 
2. 

- 

4 

"  ferrules 

"  handspike  strap 

J^ails. 
For  lunette  plate 

6 
6 
6 
4 
4 

No.  2,  C. 
No.l,C. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

2.5 

2. 

2. 

1.5 

1.5 

"  trunnion  plates 

"  trail  plate 

"  friction  plates 

"  axle  bands 

One  wheel. 
Bo/fs,  for  tire 

6 
12 

No.l.H. 
No.l,C. 

2T 

- 

6 

Miils,  for  nave  bands 

Shafts. 
Bolts,  for  plate 

2 

4 

11 

No.  2,  D. 
No.  2,  B. 
No.  14. 

3.15 

3. 

1.5 

- 

- 

Rivets,  for  supporting  bar. . . 
Screws,  for  plate. 

8  PART   5. MOUNTAIN   ARTILLERY. 

AMMUNITION   CHEST.— PLATE   III. 

Wood  work. 

Two  endsy     ~]  They  are  made  of  poplar,  each  in  one  piece. 
Two  sides,     J>The  ends  and  sides  are  dovetailed  and  glued  to- 
One  bottom. )  gether.     The  bottom  is  let  into  the  sides  and 
ends,  and  fastened  by  nails. 

One  panel,   ^^^^^  ^j^^  ^^^^^      (Poplar  or  white  pine.) 

Two  clamps,  3 

The  panel  is  joined  to  the  clamps  by  three  tenons,  glued  ana 
fastened  with  wooden  pins. 

Two  beckets,  for  the  handles.  (Oak,  or  other  hard  wood.) 
Their  outer  corners  are  rounded  .  15  inch.  They  are  fastened  to 
the  chest,  each  with  four  screws.  The  handles  are  loops  of  inch  rope. 

Irons. 

One  brace.  It  is  made  of  round  iron  flattened  at  the  ends  and 
bent  at  right  angles.  It  is  fastened  to  the  back  of  the  chest  by 
one  screw,  and  to  the  front  by  a  rivet,  which  also  fastens  the  turn- 
buckle  stud  plate. 

One  stud  plate.  The  stud  for  the  turnbuckle  is  riveted  into  the 
plate,  which  is  let  into  the  front  of  the  chest  and  fastened  by  ome 
rivet  and  one  screw. 

One  turnbuckle,  (brass.)  It  turns  freely  on  the  stud  which  is 
riveted  over  the  turnbuckle. 

Four  corner  plates.  They  are  made  of  sheet  iron,  No.  18,  and 
fastened  to  the  chest,  each  by  ten  screws. 

Two  hinges.  The  short  straps  are  let  into  the  underside  of  the 
cover  to  which  they  are  fastened,  each  by  four  screws. 

The  outer  corners  of  the  long  straps  are  chamfered  .  1  inch. 
The  straps  pass  round  the  bottom  of  the  chest,  and  are  fastened 
each  by  nine  screws  and  by  the  two  rivets  which  hold  the  lashing 
chain. 


AMMUNITION  CHEST.  V 

Two  lashing  chains,  for  attaching  the  chest  to  the  pack  saddle. 
Each  chain  consists  of  four  links;  it  is  fastened  to  the  chest  by  a 
bridle  which  is  held  by  two  rivets  passing  through  the  hinge  strap. 

One  hasp.  The  strap  is  let  into  the  underside  of  the  cover  and 
fastened  to  it  hy  four  screws. 

One  covering,  of  stout  linen.  It  is  well  painted,  and  is  fastened 
on,  after  the  wood  has  been  painted,  with  copper  tacks.  A  strip 
of  leather  is  put  under  the  heads  of  the  tacks. 

Two  leather  loops,  for  a  linstock.  They  are  fastened  to  the 
front  of  the  chest,  each  by  four  screws. 

Interior  divisions. 

Sixteen  cleats,  (poplar.)  Eight  on  each  side  of  the  chest. 
They  are  glued  on  and  fastened  to  the  sides;  the  long  cleats  by 
four  nails  in  each;  the  others  by  one  screw  and  two  nails  each. 

Rivets,  screws,  and  nails  for  one  ammunition  chest. 


DESIGNATIOK. 

No. 

Kind. 

Length. 

REMARKS. 

Jji.*,|[< 

)r  hin&res ............. 

4 
1 

No.2,B. 
No.  2. 

In. 

1.4 
1. 

Wire  riveted. 

Screws^ 

'  for  corner  plates 

"  linstock  straps. . . . 

"  hinges j 

"  hasp 1 

"  stud  plate 

«  brace 

40 

i 

2 
2 
1 
1 

4 
4 

8 

No.  7. 

Do. 
No.  9. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  12. 

Do. 
No.  14. 
No.  7. 

0.63 
.63 
.75 
.63 
.75 
.63 
.63 
.75 
.75 

1.25 
.63 

«  brackets | 

"  interior  divisions. . 

^  .,    (for  the  linen  cover 

•^""*'  \   "  interior  divisions. . . . 

160 

48 

3d. 

.75 

Copper  tacks. 
Cut  nails. 

Part  5—2 


10  MOUNTAIN   ARTILLERY. 

AMMUNITION. -PLATE  Ml. 

The  ammunition  for  the  mountain  howitzer  consists  of  shells, 
spherical  case  shot  and  canisters,  all  of  which  are  fixed;  the  car- 
tridge and  the  projectile  being  attached  to  the  same  sabot.  The 
forms  and  dimensions  of  the  sabots  and  of  the  finished  ammuni- 
tion are  shown  in  the  plate. 

Spherical  case  shot  are  fixed  in  the  same  manner  as  shells. 

The  canister  is  filled  with  musket  balls. 

The  charge  of  powder  is  8  ounces,  for  all  kinds  of  ammunition. 
The  fuze  holes  of  shells  and  spherical  case  shot  are  stopped  with 
tow,  and  the  fuze  is  inserted  at  the  time  of  loading  the  piece. 

The  fuze  is  the  same  as  for  other  shells  for  field  service. 

PACK   SADDLE.  — PLATE   IV. 

Ash  or  beach  is  suitable  for  the  wood  work. 

Two  arcs,  for  the  frame.  They  are  made  each  of  three  pieces, 
halved  together,  glued  and  fastened  by  six  screws  in  the  front  arc, 
and  eight  screws  in  the  rear  arc. 

Two  transoms.  They  have  circular  notches  for  the  trunnions 
of  the  gun  to  lie  in.  They  are  fastened  to  the  arcs  by  bolts  which 
traverse  their  whole  length,  and  by  one  screw  in  each  end. 

One  cross  bar.  It  is  let  into  the  transoms  .38  inch,  and  is  fas- 
tened to  them  by  two  screws  in  each  end.  A  circular  notch  is 
cut  in  it,  of  the  same  depth  as  that  in  the  front  arc. 

Two  inner  side  bars.  They  are  let  into  notches  on  the  inside 
of  the  arcs,  and  the  inner  surfaces  of  the  bars  are  curved  to  cor- 
respond with  the  form  of  the  arcs.  They  are  fastened  to  the  arcs 
by  three  screws  in  each  end. 

Two  outer  side  bars.  They  are  mortised  into  the  arcs.  Each 
of  these  bars  has  a  piece  of  leather  nailed  on  the  outside,  where 
the  lashing  rope  passes  round  it,  for  securing  the  pack  on  the 
saddle. 


PACK   SADDLE.  11 

Two  round  bars.  They  connect  the  lower  ends  of  the  arcs,  to 
which  they  are  joined  by  round  tenons  and  mortises,  and  fastened 
by  one  screw  in  each  end.  This  screw  serves  also  to  strengthen 
the  bearing  notch  for  the  ammunition  chest. 

Two  arc  plates.  They  are  fastened  on  the  outside  of  the  arcs, 
each  by  two  rivets  and  by  the  assembling  bolts.  They  have  hooks 
at  each  end,  for  attaching  the  lashing  chains  of  the  ammunition 
and  tool  chests.  Each  plate  has  a  staple  riveted  to  it  in  the 
middle.  To  the  staple  on  the  front  plate  a  wooden  button  is 
strapped,  to  hook  the  bridle  on.  The  crupper  strap  is  attached 
to  the  staple  on  the  rear  plate. 

T\uo  assembling  bolts.  They  pass  through  the  transoms,  con- 
necting the  front  and  rear  arcs  together.  Two  nuts  for  these 
bolts.     The  heads  and  nuts  are  octagonal. 

Four  staples,  for  confining  the  lashing  straps.  They  are  fas- 
tened to  the  arcs  by  two  nuts  in  each. 

Four  billets,  for  lashing  straps.  They  are  fastened  near  the 
head  of  the  arcs,  each  by  one  screw  and  a  staple. 

Four  buckle  straps,  for  the  same.  They  are  fastened  to  the 
inside  of  the  arcs,  at  the  lower  end,  each  by  one  screw. 

Two  buckle  straps,  for  the  billets  of  the  shoulder  straps.  They 
are  fastened  to  the  front  arc,  each  by  one  screw  and  two  nails. 

One  cover,  (bridle  leather.)  It  is  stretched  over  the  inner  side 
bars  and  nailed  to  the  inside  of  the  arcs.  A  strip  of  thin  leather 
is  put  under  the  heads  of  the  nails.  Two  flaps,  of  harness 
leather,  are  sewed  to  the  lower  ends  of  the  cover. 

Two  thill  straps.  They  pass  over  the  round  bars  and  form 
loops  for  the  shafts  of  the  gun  carriage. 

One  lining,  (thick  black  leather.)  It  is  nailed  to  the  inside  of 
the  arcs  and  sewed  to  the  flaps  of  the  cover,  below  the  round 
bars. 

Six  girth  billets.  They  are  sewed  to  the  lining,  three  on  each 
side  of  the  saddle. 


12 


PART  5. MOUNTAIN    ARTILLERY. 


Four  iron  loops,  for  the  breeching  and  breast  straps.  They 
are  held  by  leather  loops  which  are  sewed  to  the  lining. 

One  girthy  (strong  hemp  webbing.)  It  has  three  buckles 
sewed  to  each  end,  with  leather  loops. 

One  pad.  The  upper  side  is  made  of  sheep  skin;  the  lining,  of 
strong  canvass.  It  is  stuffed  with  straw  and  deer's  hair  and 
stitched  in  the  usual  manner.  The  pad  is  fastened  to  the  lining 
of  the  saddle  with  ten  leather  thongs. 

Bolts,  rivets,  nails  and  screws  far  the  pack  saddle. 


DESI6KATI0N. 

S 

Kind. 

Length. 

REMARKS. 

Assemt 
Rivets, 

ling  bolts 

2 
4 

8 

No.  1. 
No.2,B. 

In. 

17.75 
1.4 
1.25 

[  for  arc  plates.  •••..••... 

octagonal. 

'   "  staples 

Wire,  No.  II. 

f  for  transoms ........... 

4 

4 
4 
12 
14 
2 
8 

No.  20. 
No.  16. 

Do. 
No.  14. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

3. 

2.5 

2.5 

1.25 

1. 

1. 

1. 

"  cross  bar. 

"  round  bars* 

Bcrews,' 

"  sidebars 

«  arcs 

"  front  buckle  straps.. 
"  lashing  straps 

JVai&,fc 

\t  the  leathers 

320 

10  oz. 

- 

Iron  tacks. 

HARNESS.  13 

HARNESS.  — PLATE    V. 

The  same  harness  is  used  for  the  packs  and  for  draught,  except 
that  the  lashing  girth  and  lashing  rope  are  not  required  for  the 
latter  purpose. 

The  harness  is  made  of  black  leather,  like  that  for  field  artillery. 

Bridle. 

One  crown  piece.  One  end  is  split  into  two  billets,  and  the 
other  into  a  billet  and  buckle  strap,  for  the  throat  lash  and  cheek 
pieces. 

One  buckle  and  one  standing  loop,  for  the  throat  lash. 

One  buckle  and  loop,  attached  to  the  top  of  the  crown  piece, 
for  the  billets  of  the  winker  straps. 

One  brow  band.  It  is  formed  into  a  loop  at  each  end,  through 
which  the  crown  piece  passes. 

Two  cheek  straps.  Each  strap  has  two  buckles  and^ve  standing 
loops.  The  upper  end  of  the  strap  is  buckled  to  the  billet  of  the 
crown  piece;  the  lower  end  passes  through  the  ring  of  the  bit. 

Two  winkers.  They  are  sewed  to  the  cheek  straps  and  sup- 
ported at  the  front  part  by  two  straps  which  are  fastened  in  the 
buckle  at  the  top  of  the  crown  piece. 

One  leading  rein.  It  is  sewed  into  the  ring  on  the  right  end 
of  the  bit,  and  passes  through  the  other  ring.  A  wooden  button 
is  sewed  into  a  loop  at  the  loose  end  of  the  rein,  with  a  leather 
washer  inside  of  it. 

One  bit.  It  consists  of  a  bar  and  two  rings,  made  of  iron  and 
tinned. 

Halter. 

The  halter  and  its  chain  are  like  those  used  for  the  field  artillery. 


14  PART  5. — MOUNTAIN   ARTILLERY. 

Crupper. 

The  dock,  with  a  buckle  and  loop  at  each  end,  by  which  it  is 
connected  with  the  body  of  the  crupper,  the  rear  end  of  the  latter 
being  split  into  two  billets  for  that  purpose. 

The  back  strap.  It  is  sewed  to  the  crupper  and  passes  through 
the  staple  on  the  rear  arc  plate  of  the  saddle.  One  buckle,  with 
three  standing  loops  and  a  sliding  loop,  for  the  billet  of  the  back 
strap. 

The  loin  strap  passes  between  the  back  strap  and  the  body  of 
the  crupper.  The  ends  are  two  billets  to  which  the  breeching  is 
buckled. 

Breeching. 

The  breech  strap.  To  each  end  of  it  is  sewed  a  side  strap,  with 
a  buckle  and /owr  standing  loops.  These  side  straps  pass  through 
two  iron  loops  on  the  pack  saddle,  or  through  the  staples  in  the 
shafts,  when  the  harness  is  used  for  draught. 

Two  buckle  straps.  Each  strap  has  a  buckle  and  three  standing 
loops.  It  is  fastened  to  the  breech  strap  by  an  iron  loop  and  a 
chape.     A  safe  is  sewed  under  each  strap,  its  whole  length. 

These  buckle  straps  receive  the  billets  of  the  loin  strap  which 
support  the  breeching. 

Breast  Strap. 

The  breast  plate.  A  billet  strap,  with  a  buckle  and  three  loops, 
is  sewed  to  each  end  of  the  breast  plate.  These  billets  are 
buckled  into  the  front  iron  loops  on  the  pack  saddle,  or  into  the 
staples  on  the  shafts,  when  the  harness  is  used  for  draught. 

Two  shoulder  straps.  They  are  sewed  to  the  breast  plate, 
which  they  support  by  means  of  the  buckle  straps  on  the  front  of 
the  pack  saddle. 


FORGE.  15 

Lashing  Girth. 

This  is  a  broad  piece  of  thick  leather,  to  each  end  of  which  an 
iron  hook  is  securely  fastened. 

The  lashing  rope  is  a  piece  of  2^  inch  rope,  10  feet  long,  which 
is  used,  with  the  lashing  girth,  to  secure  the  pack  on  the  saddle. 
The  ends  of  the  rope  are  served  with  twine. 

PACKS.  — PLATE  VI. 

The  figures  in  the  plate  show  the  manner  in  which  the  load  of 
each  horse  is  attached  to  the  pack  saddle,  and  also  the  arrange- 
ment of  the  gun  carriage  and  harness  when  adjusted  for  draught. 

FORGE.-PLATE   VII. 

The  hearth  is  of  sheet  iron.  No.  13,  bent  into  a  hollow  form 
and  riveted  to  an  iron  frame.  The  back  of  the  hearth  is  bent 
under  the  bottom  and  riveted  to  it.  The  border  of  the  hearth  is 
bent  round  the  back,  and  is  riveted  to  it  and  to  the  frame.  The 
back  of  the  fire-place  is  of  sheet  iron.  No.  13,  connected  with  the 
back  of  the  hearth  by  two  brass  hinges,  which  are  riveted  to  each. 
The  edges  of  both  the  back  pieces  are  stiffened  by  strips  of  sheet 
iron  riveted  to  them.  An  air  back  is  formed  by  a  piece  of  sheet 
iron.  No.  7,  bent  hot  into  a  convex  shape  and  riveted  to  the 
inside  of  the  back  plate  of  the  fire-place.  A  button,  turning  on 
an  axis  which  is  riveted  to  the  outside  of  the  back  plate,  serves 
to  fasten  this  plate  to  a  stud  in  the  front  border  of  the  hearth, 
when  the  pack  is  turned  down  on  its  hinges. 

The  frame  is  supported  by  three  legs,  which  are  connected  with 
it  by  bolts,  so  that  they  can  be  folded  up  close  to  the  frame.  The 
front  leg  is  divided  into  two  branches,  which  are  bolted  to  two 
eye  pieces  that  are  riveted  to  the  sides  of  the  frame.  The  two 
other  legs  are  connected  together  by  a  cross  bar,  with  a  nut  at 


16  PART   5. MOUNTAIN  ARTILLERY. 

each  end.  This  bar  supports  also  the  fork  in  which  the  bellows 
handle  works.  The  legs  of  the  frame  have  round  tenons  at  the 
lower  ends,  with  shoulders  which  rest  on  three  socket  plates  at- 
tached to  the  side  of  the  forge  chest,  for  the  forge  to  stand  on 
when  set  up  for  use. 

The  bellows  handle  is  a  bent  bar  of  iron  with  a  wooden  head. 
It  is  attached  to  a  joi^k  which  fits  in  a  square  hole  in  the  cross 
bar  joining  the  rear  legs  of  the  frame.  The  lower  end  of  the 
handle  is  hooked  into  a  connecting  rod  attached  to  the  rear  end  of 
the  bellows;  it  is  fastened  to  this  rod  by  a  sliding  catch  which 
is  secured  by  a  thumb  screw.  When  the  bellows  is  dismounted, 
this  rod  is  hooked  into  an  eye  on  the  upper  side  of  the  bellows, 
to  keep  it  closed. 

Th  J  BELLOWS.  The  frame  consists  of  an  upper,  a  lower y  and  a 
middle  plank,  (walnut)  and  two  ribs,  (poplar,)  connected  by  a 
cross  head,  as  in  a  common  smith's  bellows.  There  are  valves  in 
the  middle  and  the  lower  plank. 

A  bar  of  iron,  attached  to  the  middle  plank,  terminates  in  two 
journals,  which  support  the  bellows,  fitting  in  the  joints  of  the 
rear  legs  of  the  frame  of  the  forge. 

The  nozzle,  of  sheet  iron,  is  inserted  into  the  cross  head,  above 
the  middle  plank.  It  enters  into  an  iron  pipe  which  is  attached 
to  the  rear  of  the  forge  back  by  means  of  a  bridle  bolted  to  the 
back  plate  of  the  hearth. 

A  handle  is  attached  to  a  plate  which  is  fastened  on  the  upper 
bellows  plank.  A  leaden  weight  of  one  pound  is  attached  to  the 
inside  of  the  lower  plank  by  the  rivets  which  hold  the  eye  plate 
on  the  connecting  rod. 

The  bellows  leather  (calfskin)  is  fastened  to  the  planks  by 
small  bellows  nails,  in  the  manner  represented  in  the  plate. 

The  forge  bucket  is  of  sheet  iron,  stiffened  with  a  band  at 
top,  and  furnished  with  a  handle. 


TOOL    CHESTS.  17 

The  anvil  is  fitted  into  a  block  of  tough  oak,  or  other  hard 
wood,  and  fastened  by  an  iron  pin.  The  block  has  a  band  round 
the  top.     Two  rings  fastened  by  staples  serve  for  handles. 

The  coal  sack  is  made  of  strong  leather.  It  is  14  inches  in 
diameter  and  18  inches  high;  it  is  closed  at  the  top  by  a  leather 
strap  passing  through  slits  in  the  sack.  Weight  of  sack  filled 
with  charcoal,  24  lbs. 

TOOL    CHESTS. 
Chests  for  the  forge  and  smith'* s  tools. 

The  forge  and  the  smith's  tools  are  packed  in  two  chests,  which 
are  aHke,  except  in  the  interior  divisions.  The  forge  chest  alone 
has  socket  plates,  for  the  legs  of  the  forge  to  stand  on. 

Wood  work,  (walnut.)  Two  ends  and  two  sides,  dovetailed 
together.  One  bottom  let  into  the  ends  and  sides  and  fastened  by 
thirty-two  nails.  One  lid,  made  with  two  end  clamps,  like  that  of 
the  ammunition  chest. 

Irons.  Four  corner  plates,  of  sheet  iron,  No.  18,  fastened 
each  by  eighteen  screws,  0.63  inch.  No.  7. 

Two  handles.  The  straps  are  turned  under  the  bottom  of  the 
chest.     They  are  fastened  each  by  one  rivet  and  fotir  screws. 

Two  hinges.  The  short  strap  is  fastened  to  the  inside  of  the 
lid  by  one  rivet  and  three  screws.  The  long  straps  are  bent  under 
the  bottom  of  the  chest  and  fastened,  each  by  three  rivets  and 
eleven  screws.  Two  of  these  rivets  hold  the  bridle  for  the  lashing 
chain,  which  is  placed  at  the  same  distance  from  the  bottom  as  in 
the  ammunition  chest. 

One  hasp.  The  strap  is  let  into  the  inside  of  the  cover  and 
fastened  with  four  screws. 

One  hasp  staple  dind  plate.  The  staple  is  riveted  into  the  plate^ 
which  is  fastened  to  the  box  with  ttvo  riveUf    - 

Pabt  5.-3  <^   ttlJi  II 


18  PART   5. MOUNTAIN    ARTILLERY. 

One  linen  covering,  like  that  of  the  ammunition  chest. 

Three  socket  plates,  fastened  on  the  back  of  the  forge  chest, 
each  by  four  screws.  They  have  holes  in  them  for  the  legs  of 
the  frame  of  the  forge  to  stand  in,  when  it  is  mounted  for  use. 

Contents  of  the  forge  chest  and  manner  of  packing. 
Plate  VII. 

The  legs  are  folded  up  close  to  the  frame,  and  the  back  of  tlie 
fire-place  is  turned  down  on  the  hearth  and  fastened  by  its  catch. 

The  bellows  is  closed  and  fastened  by  the  connecting  rod,  the 
handle  being  detached. 

The  fire-place  and  frame  are  placed  against  the  back  of  the 
chest,  the  hearth  outwards.  They  are  kept  in  place  by  a  clamp 
which  fits,  over  the  top  of  the  frame,  into  an  iron  staple  fastened 
by  two  screws  to  the  back  of  the  chest. 

The  bellows  is  placed  on  its  side,  with  its  top  against  the  front 
of  the  chest.  One  journal  goes  into  a  hole  in  a  cleat  screwed  to 
the  bottom.  The  nozzle  is  supported  by  a  notched  board  which 
is  framed  into  a  cleat  screwed  on  the  bottom  of  the  chest,  and  it 
is  held  fast  by  a  buckle  strap  passing  through  a  staple  in  the 
board.  A  clamp,  with  a  hole  for  the  upper  journal,  goes  across 
the  top  of  the  bellows,  and  is  held  by  staple  plates  screwed  to  the 
front  and  back  of  the  chest. 

The  bellows  handle  hangs  on  a  cleat  in  the  front  of  the  box,  to- 
wards the  right  hand,  the  hook  downwards. 

One  wrench,  (for  nuts  Nos.  1  and  4,)  in  two  iron  brackets  on 
the  right  end  of  the  chest,  near  the  front. 


One  hand  hammer, 
One  riveting  hammer 
One  fore  pu 
One  creaser. 


I  With  handles. 

One  fore  punch, ')  ^  ,       „ 

>-0n  same  handle. 


Placed    upright    near 
the  wrench. 


TOOL  CHESTS.  19 

Ten  pounds  of  horse  shoe  nails,  in  two  strong  linen  bags,  packed 
in  tow,  in  the  vacant  space  to  the  right  of  the  bellows. 

Contents  of  smithes  tool  chest  and  manner  of  packing. 
Plate  VII. 

The  forms  of  the  tools  and  some  of  their  principal  dimensions 
are  represented  in  the  plate.  Most  of  them  are  lighter  than  those 
of  the  same  kind  which  accompany  the  travelling  forge,  and 
which  are  represented  in  the  plates  of  Part  10. 

The  anvil  and  its  block  are  placed  in  the  bottom  of  the  chest; 
the  head  of  the  anvil  in  a  mortise  made  in  a  cleat  screwed  on  the 
bottom.  The  block  rests  also  on  a  notched  cleat  screwed  on  the 
bottom,  and  it  is  fastened  by  a  leather  strap  and  buckle  to  an  iron 
staple  in  the  bottom  of  the  chest. 

One  water  bucket,  (iron,)  on  the  anvil  block,  resting  on  a 
moveable  cleat  which  is  hollowed  out  to  fit  the  block  and  the 
bucket. 

One  pair  shoeing  pincers,   ">  In  a  wooden  cleat,  on  the  front  of 
One  vice.  S     the  chest. 


In  iron  brackets^  against  the  front  of  the 
chest. 


One  nailing  hammer, 

One  shoeing  hammer. 

One  flitting  chisel. 

One  pair  tongs,    >  In   a   triangular    cleat,   in   the    left    front 

One  pritchel,        S      corner. 

One  hardie,  ^ 

One  clinching  iron,     [>In  a  wooden  rack,  on  the  left  end. 

One  shoeing  knife.       J 

One  poker,  ^ 

One  shovel. 

One  rake, 

One  nail  punch. 


»-In  two  wooden  racks,  on  the  back  of  the  chest. 


29  PART   5. — MOUNTAIN    ARTILLERY. 

One  buttress,  hung  on  two  hooks  in  the  front  of  the  upper 
shovel  rack,  and  held  fast  by  a  wooden  button. 

One  toe  knife,  in  two  cleats,  on  the  back  of  the  chest,  near  the 
t(^. 

One  rasp,  ")  In  two  racks,  on  the  back  of  the  chest,  near 

One  square  file,    j      the  left  end. 

Two  flat  files,  fastened  by  two  cleats  and  a  button  to  the  inside 
of  the  lid. 

Ten  pounds  of  horse  shoe  nails,  in  two  bags;  one  on  the  bottom 
at  the  left  end,  the  other  in  the  water  bucket. 


Arrangement  for  transportation. 

The  forge  chest  and  its  tool  chest  are  carried  by  one  horse,  on 
the  same  kind  of  pack  saddle  that  is  used  for  the  other  parts  of 
the  equipments;  except  that  these  chests,  being  larger  than  the 
ammunition  chests,  require  longer  lashing  straps  to  go  round  them. 

The  weight  of  each  of  the  chests  packed  is  about  100  pounds. 

The  bags  of  horse  shoe  nails  should  be  distributed  in  the  two 
chests  so  as  to  equalize  and  adjust  the  weight  on  each  side. 
They  should  be  packed  in  tow,  to  prevent  injury  to  the  tools. 

The  coal  sack  is  strapped  on  the  top  of  the  pack  saddle,  be- 
tween the  tool  chests. 


TOOL    CHESTS. 


21 


Carriage  maker'' s  tools. 

The  tools  and  stores  for  the  use  of  carriage  makers,  in  repairing 
the  carriages  and  equipments,  are  packed  in  two  chests,  which 
are  like  those  for  the  ammunition,  but  without  the  interior  divisions. 

The  hasp  and  hasp  staples  are  like  those  of  the  forge  chest. 

The  two  chests  are  designated  by  the  letters  A  and  B. 

List  of  carriage  maker'* s  tools  and  stores. 


CHEST  A. 

CHEST  B. 

1  claw  hatchet, 

1  hand  axe, 

1  nailing  hatchet, 

1  claw  hatchet. 

2  firmer  chisels,  i  and  %  inch, 

1  nailing  hatchet, 

1  tryine  square. 

2  firmer  chisels, 

1  bevel, 

1  firmer  gouge, 

2  augers,  g  and  \  in.,  and  one  handle, 

1  pair  compasses, 

1  riveting  hammer, 

1  trying  square,  six  inches, 

1  hand  saw. 

1  scriber. 

1  jack  plane. 

1  riveting  hammer. 

1  screw  driver 

1  mallet, 

1  rule,  (two  feet,) 

3  gimlets, 

3  gimlets, 

2  hand  saw  files, 

1  screw  driver, 

1  wood  rasp. 

2  wood  files,  twelve  inch. 

1  oil  stone, 

2  sickles, 

6  brad  awls, 

1  gunner's  gimlet, 

2  sickles, 

1  priming  wire. 

1  gunner's  gimlet, 

1  gunner's  pincers. 

1  priming  wire. 

2  papers  of  sprigs,  1  inch  and  U  in., 

2  papers  tacks,  8  oz.  and  12 
i  lb.  twine, 

oz., 

2  papers  of  tacks,  8  oz.  and  12  oz., 

60  wood  screws,  \  inch,  No.  9, 

25  leather  thongs. 

2  lbs.  sash  cord, 

36  wood  screws,  li  in.  &  1  in. 

,No.  14. 

1  lb.  twine. 

12           do.                      2  in. 

,  No.  16. 

12  nuts,  No.  1;  2,  No.  2;  6, 

No.  4. 

12  washers,  No.  1. 

The  sickles  are  fastened  to  the  front  and  back  of  the  chests, 
(inside,)  with  small  cleats  at  the  necks  and  points.  The  other 
articles  are  securely  packed  in  tow,  the  edges  of  the  cutting  tools 
being  carefully  wrapped  up,  to  prevent  injury. 

Each  chest  packed  weighs  about  45  pounds. 


n 


PART    5. MOUNTAIN    ARTILLERY. 


Bill  of  timber  for  mountain  howitzer  carriage,  Sfc. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 

1 

DIMENSIONS  OP  EACH 
PIECE. 

REMARKS. 

! 

}  Length. 

Width 

Thick- 
ness. 

Crun  carriage  body. 
Stock       

2 
2 

2 
24 
12 

2 

1 

2 
1 

1 

1 

1 
1 
1 
2 

1 

In. 

!      66. 
44. 

11 

20. 

21. 

72. 
33. 

44. 
36. 
66. 

50. 

20. 

14 

42. 

20 

50 

In. 

9. 
5. 

9. 

2.5 

5.5 

3. 
3.5 

11. 

7. 
8. 

12. 
12. 

6. 
12. 

1.5 

2.5 

In. 

7. 
3. 

Round 
1.5 
2.5 

2.25 
2.25 

1. 
1. 
1. 

1.25 
1.75 
1.25 
0.75 
1.5 

2.5 

Oak. 

Young,  tough 

Tioo  wheels. 
Nave 

hickory. 
Oak. 

Spokes 

Do. 

Fellies 

Do. 

One  pair  of  shafts. 
Shafts 

Ash. 

Cross-bar 

Do. 

One  ammunition  chest. 

Poplar. 

Bottom 

Cover  and  partitions 

One  pack  saddle. 

Do. 

Transoms.. 

Do. 

Cross  bar 

Do. 

Side  bars 

Do 

Round  bars 

Hickory. 
Hickory. 

One  handspike ^.,. 

BILL    OF    IRON.  '23 

Bill  of  iron  for  mountain  howitzer  carriage,  Sfc. 


NAMES    OF  PARTS. 


Gun  carriage  body. 

Cap  square  and  key  chains 

Rivets  No.  2,  nails  No.  1,&  staples 

Nails  No.  2 

Handspike   staple,  bolts  No.    1,  ) 

and  rivets  No.  3 ^ 

Implement  hooks,  and  bolt  No.  3  . 

Bolts  No.  4 

Eye  pins  No.  1 

Elevating  screw 

Nuts  No.  1 

Handspike  strap  and  linch  pins.. . 

Washers  No.  1 

Axle  bands 

Cap  square  keys 

Nut  No.  3 

Heads  of  key  and  chin  bolts 

Nuts  No.  4 

Ferrules  for  axletree 

Washer  hooks 

Understraps 

Handles  for  elevating  screw 
Trunnion  plates  and  cap  squares 

Washers  No.  4 

Knee  of  lunette 

Trail  plate 

Axle  skean 

Lunette 


Box  for  elevating  screw 

Two  wheels. 

Band  nails  No.  1 0.25    Round    48. 

Tire  bolts  No.  1 

Brow  bands 

Nuts  No.  1 i  0.75 

End  bands I  1. 

Washers  No.  1 <  1.25 

Tires !  2.00 


Nave  boxes, 


Chains  No.  1. 


Hammered. 


Hammered. 
Hammered. 


Cast  brass. 


Cast  iron. 


24 


PART   O. MOUNTAIN    ARTILLRRY. 


Bill  of  iron  for  mountain  hovntzer  carriage,  S(c. 


NAMES  OF    PARTS. 


Shafts 

Key  chain 

Rivets  No.  2 

Staples 

Bolts  No.  2 

Key.... 

Supporting  bar 

Cross  bar  plate 


Ammunition  chest. 

Chains,  and  rivets  No.  2. 
Hinges  and  hasp  strap. . . . 

Bridles  and  brace 

Hasp 

Turn  buckle  plate 

Corner  plates 

Turnbuckle 


Pack  saddle. 

Staples  and  rivets 

Bolts 

Nuts 

Arc  plates , 


Width 


Thick- 
ness. 


In.        In. 


I 
0.15  iRound 
0.25  ;   Do. 
0.375 
0.5     I 
0.75 
1. 


2.75 


0.25 

1. 

1. 

1. 

1.5 

2.4 


Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
0.5 
0.25 


.A 
to 


Round 
0.375 
0.5 
0.625 

i  0.1 

|No.l8. 


In. 


12. 
12. 
26. 

7. 

4. 
48. 
30. 


43. 

38. 
4. 
3.5 
3.5 

40. 


'  I 

0.25  Round! 
0.375  Do.  I 
0.75  I  0.375 
1.25     0.2 


12. 
37. 

1.25 
36. 


Lbs. 


0.06 
0.16 
0.80 
0.38 
0.49 
6.72 
5.78 


14.39 


0.60 
4.00 
0.56 
0.61 
0.15 
1.35 


7.27 


0.10 


0.16 
1.13 
0.10 
2.52 

3.91 


Chain  No.  1. 


Russia  sheet 
iron. 


Cast  brass. 


ARTILLERY 


PART    SIXTH, 


Corrections — Part  Fifth. 

Page   2 — 9th  line  from  the  bottom,  for  ♦'  two  handspike  hooks,  screwed  into  the 

sides,"  read  "  one  sponge  and  rammer  hook,  screwed  into  the  right 

side." 
"      3— 4th  line  from  the  bottom,  for  "  10,"  read  "  5." 
**     11— 16th  line,  for  "  nwte,"  read  rivets.'' 
"     11 — after  the  16th  line,  insert :  "  Four  notch  plates.    They  are  let  into  the 

bearing  notches  of  the  arcs,  and  are  fastened,  each  by /our  screws, 

1  inch.  No.  14." 
*'     23 — last  line,  for  ^^  iron,''  read  ^^  brass."" 


1848. 


PART    SIXTH. 


BARBETTE    CARRIAGES. 

The  carriages  used  for  mounting  the  following  pieces  of  ord- 
nance, in  barbette  batteries,  are  similar  to  each  other  in  their  con- 
struction, viz: 'For  the  12-pounder,  18-pounder,  and  24-pounder 
siege  and  garrison  guns;  the  32-pounder  and  42-pounder  sea^ 
coast  guns;  the  8-inch  and  10-inch  sea  coast  howitzers. 

The  plates  show  the  form  and  the  dimensions  of  these  carriages 
and  of  their  parts,  in  detail,  with  the  exception  of  the  carriage 
for  the  10-inch  howitzer.  This  has  not  been  engraved,  as  but 
few  of  these  carriages  will  probably  be  made.  The  carriage  is 
like  that  for  the  42-pounder  gun,  with  such  obvious  variations  in 
width,  &c.,  as  are  required  by  the  differences  in  the  general 
dimensions  of  the  gun  and  howitzer. 

Each  of  these  barbette  carriages  consists  of  a  gun  carriage  and 
a  chassis,  or  traversing  carriage. 

The  timber  for  garrison  and  sea-coast  carriages  (barbette  and 
casemate)  should  be,  as  far  as  possible,  free  from  centre  heart.  In 
pieces  of  very  large  size,  which  cannot  be  procured  free  from 
heart,  it  is  better  that  the  heart  should  be  nearly  central,  and  it 
must  be  perfectly  sound.  When  circumstances  render  it  neces- 
sary to  make  these  parts  of  two  pieces,  instead  of  one,  they 
should  be  joined  with  dowels  and  fastened  together  by  a  number 
of  rivet  bolts,  according  to  the  length  of  the  piece.  See  also  the 
remarks  relative  to  the  wood  work  of  artillery  carriages :  Part  2, 
page  10. 

The  roundings  of  the  corners  of  the  wood  w^ork  of  these  car- 
riages are  shown  in  the  plates. 

White  oak  is  used  for  all  the  w^ood  work. 


2  PART    6. BARBETTE    CARRIAGES. 

GUN   CARRIAGES.  — PLATES   I   to  VII. 

Wood  mark. 

Two  uprights,  '^ These  pieces  form  the  cheeks  of  the  carriage;. 

Two  braces.  S  they  are  joined  together  by  two  tenons  and 
mortises;  the  circular  cut  for  letting  in  the  trunnion  plate  is 
traced  by  the  trunnion  plate,  after  the  cheek  is  framed. 

One  front  transom.  The  corners  are  rounded,  and  the  transom 
is  let  into  the  cheeks,  as  represented  in  the  drawing. 

One  middle  transom.  The  ends  are  let  into  the  braces,  the  full 
size  of  the  transom. 

One  rear  transom.  It  is  connected  by  tenons  and  mortises  with 
the  braces,  and  by  two  dowels  with  the  transom  and  axle  tie. 
The  transom  is  notched  out,  on  the  lower  side,  to  fit  the  tongue 
of  the  chassis.  If  the  hole  for  the  elevating  screw  comes  over 
the  transom,  a  notch  is  cut  out  of  the  front  of  the  transom,  or  a 
hole  is  bored  obliquely  through  the  front  part  of  it,  (as  repre- 
sented in  the  sections  of  the  transom  and  tie,)  in  order  to  let  off 
any  water  which  may  enter  the  screw  hole. 

One  transom  and  axle  tie.  It  is  connected  with  the  rear  tran- 
som by  two  dowels,  and  is  let  into  the  bottom  of  the  middle 
transom. 

One  elevating  bed.  It  is  connected  with  the  transom  and  axle 
tie  by  two  dowels,  and  is  let  into  the  rear  of  the  middle  transom. 
The  elevating  bed  of  the  8-inch  howitzer  carriage  is  made  higher 
than  the  others,  in  order  to  allow  the  handles  of  the  elevating 
screw  to  clear  the  middle  transom. 

One  axle  body.  The  roundings  of  the  corners  are  shown  by 
the  drawings  of  the  wood  work  and  of  the  irons;  the  ends  are 
chamfered  .15  inch. 

The  axle  body  is  notched  into  the  transom  and  axle  tie,  as  rep- 
resented in  the  plates. 


GUN  CARRIAGES.  3 

In  putting  this  carriage  together,  the  uprights  and  braces  are 
first  assembled,  forming  the  two  cheeks,  in  which  the  trunnion 
holes  are  cut.  The  rear  transom,  the  tie,  the  middle  transom, 
and  the  elevating  bed,  are  then  joined  together  and  assembled 
with  the  cheeks,  (the  front  transom  being  inserted  at  the  same 
time,)  after  which  the  axle  body  is  put  in  its  place. 


Irons, — Plates  VI  and  VII. 

Two  trail  rivet  bolts.  Their  heads  are  let  into  the  upper  side 
of  the  braces.     Two  washers  and  two  nuts  for  the  same. 

Two  rivet  bolts,  fdr  uprights.  Four  washers  and  two  nuts  for 
the  same. 

Two  cheek  bolts.  Two  flat  washers  for  the  heads  of  these  bolts; 
two  beveled  washers,  (cast  iron;)  two  nuts. 

One  lunette.  The  plate  is  let  into  the  under  side  of  the  tran- 
som and  axle  tie,  and  it  is  fastened  by  the  rear  transom  and  tie 
bolt. 

Four  assembling  bolts.  Two  through  the  front  transom,  one 
through  the  middle  transom,  and  one  through  the  rear  transom. 
Eight  washers  and /owr  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

For  calibres  above  the  24-pounder,  there  are  two  additional 
bolts,  one  for  the  middle  transom  and  one  for  the  rear  transom, 
with  ybttr  washers  and  two  nuts. 

One  bolt,  for  the  rear  transom  and  tie.  The  head  is  let  into  the 
bottom  of  the  notch  in  the  rear  transom,  .1  inch  more  than  the 
thickness  of  the  head.      One  washer  and  one  nut  for  this  bolt. 

In  the  8-inch  howitzer  carriage,  there  are  two  of  these  bolts, 
with  two  washers  and  two  nuts. 

One  bolt,  for  the  rear  transom  and  tie  and  the  bed  plate  of  ele- 
vating screw.  The  head  is  let  in  like  the  preceding.  One  nut 
for  this  bolt. 


4  PART  6. — BARBETTE  CARRIAGES. 

One  boltf  for  elevating  bed  plate.  One  washer  and  one  nut. 
For  the  8-inch  howitzer,  there  are  two  bolts,  two  washers,  and  two 
nuts. 

One  bed  plate,  for  elevating  screw.  It  is  the  same  for  all  the 
carriages  except  the  8-inch  howitzer.     See  Plate  VI. 

One  nut,  for  elevating  screw,  (brass.)  Four  handles  for  the 
same,  screwed  into  the  nut. 

One  elevating  screw.  The  screw  has  a  slot  in  nearly  its  whole 
length,  which  fits  on  a  feather  in  the  bed  plate;  so  that  by  turn- 
ing the  nut,  the  screw  is  worked  up  and  down,  without  turning 
round. 

One  axle  tree.     Plate  VI. 

Two  axle  stirrups,  ")  The  stirrups  are  made  of  such  a 

Two  bridles.  Four  nuts.  3  length  as  to  leave  an  opening  of 
about  .25  inch  between  the  bridle  and  the  shoulders  of  the  stirrup, 
in  order  to  allow  for  the  shrinking  of  the  axle  body. 

One  clamj)  washer,  for  12  and  18-pounder  carriages;  or, 

On£  axle  and  tie  brace,  for  the  larger  calibres. 

Two  axle  and  tie  bolts.  The  heads  are  underneath  the  axle 
body,  resting  on  the  clamp  washer,  or  on  the  brace. 

One  double  washer  and  two  nuts,  for  these  bolts. 

One  bolt,  for  middle  transom  and  tie.  In  the  12  and  18-pounder 
carriages,  this  bolt  has  two  washers;  in  the  other  carriages,  except 
the  8-inch  howitzer,  it  has  but  one  washer,  as  the  brace  takes  the 
place  of  a  washer  under  the  nut.  In  the  8-inch  howitzer  car- 
riage,  it  has  no  washer,  the  head  of  the  bolt  being  let  into  the  top 
of  the  middle  transom,  in  order  to  clear  the  handles  of  the  ele- 
vating screw.     One  nut  for  this  bolt. 

Two  mancBUvring  bolts,  with  collars,  cheek  plates,  nuts,  and 
washers — Plate  VII,  In  the  12,  18,  and  24-pounder  carriages,  there 
is  a  cheek  plate  and  a  collar  on  the  front  end  of  the  bolt  only;  in 
the  other  carriages,  each  end  of  the  bolt  has  a  cheek  plate  and  a 
collar  and  a  washer.     Each  of  the   cheek  plate,'^  is  fastened  by 


GUN  CARRIAGES.  0 

one  wood  screw  and  by  the  manoeuvring  bolt.  The  washers  at 
the  outer  ends  of  the  collars  are  rounded,  instead  of  being  cham- 
fered, on  the  edges. 

The  bolts  are  made  of  square  iron,  and  the  corners  are  flattened 
with  the  hammer. 

The  collars  are  welded  on  a  mandril,  and  turned  on  the  outside. 

Two  mancBuvring  staples.  They  are  driven  hard  into  the  under 
side  of  the  braces. 

Two  trunnion  plates.     Plate  VII. 

Four  bolts,  for  trunnion  plates.     Four  nuts  for  the  same. 

The  nuts  are  let  into  the  cheeks  from  the  inside,  and  the  mor- 
tise is  closed  with  a  piece  of  wood. 

Two  rollers,  (cast  iron.)  Plate  VI.  The  pipe  for  the  axle 
tree  is  reamed  out  and  faced  at  the  ends;  the  octagonal  part  is 
dressed  by  a  gauge. 

The  rollers  are  of  two  sizes;  one  for  the  12,  18,  and  24-pounder 
carriages,  and  one  for  the  larger  calibres. 

Two  shoulder  washers,  for  the  axle  tree.  They  are  let  in  .2 
inch  into  the  ends  of  the  axle  body;  they  are  applied  hot  and 
shrunk  on. 

Two  linch  washers. 

Two  linchpins. 

Two  wheels.     They  are  alike  for  all  the  carriages. 

WHEEL.  — PLATE   VI. 

Wood. — Ten  spokes.  They  are  driven  in  hard,  nearly  to  the 
bottom  of  the  sockets  in  the  nave. 

Irons. — One  nave,  (cast  iron.)  The  octagonal  opening  in 
the  nave  should  be  dressed  out  by  a  gauge,  so  that  the  rollers  and 
naves  may  fit  together  indiscriminately. 

One  tire.  The  tire  is  shrunk  on  the  wheel,  in  the  usual  man- 
ner, before  boring  the  nail  holes. 

Ten  tire  nails. 


6  PART   6. BARBETTE    CARRIAGES. 

CHASSIS.  — PLATES  VIII  to  XII. 

Wood  work. 
l\uo  rails. 

Two  hurtersy  ">  Wood  not  easily  split  is  selected  for 

Two  counter  hurters.  3  them.     They  are  notched  into  the  top 
of  the  rails,  and  fastened  each  by  two  nails. 
One  front  transom, 


One  middle  transom, 
One  rear  transom. 
One  tongue. 
One  prop. 


The  drawings  show  the  manner  in  which 
the  transoms  are  connected  with  the 
rails  and  tongue. 


/rows.— Plate  XII. 

Two  rail  plates.  They  are  let  into  the  outside  of  the  rails,  .2 
inch  below  the  top,  and  they  are  fastened  to  the  rails,  each  by 
two  bolts  and  fifteen  wood  screws. 

Four  rail  plate  bolts.     Four  washers  and /owr  nuts. 

Four  rivets  and  four  burrs,  for  hurters  and  counter  hurters. 

Six  rivet  bolts,  for  front  and  middle  transoms.  Six  washers 
and  six  nuts. 

One  friction  plate.  It  is  let  in  flush  with  the  lower  surface  of 
the  front  transom,  and  fastened  by  the  two  transom  and  rail  bolts, 
and  by  ten  nails. 

In  the  chassis  for  carriages  above  the  24-pounder,  a  transom 
and  tongue  brace  is  connected  with  the  friction  plate. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  hurters  and  rails.  Four  washers  and  two 
nuts. 

Two  bolts,  for  front  transom  and  rails.     Two  nuts  for  the  same. 

Two  bolts,  for  middle  transom  and  rails.  Two  washers  and  two 
nuts. 

In  chassis  for  32-pounder  and  heavier  calibres,  there  are  four 
of  these  bolts,  with/ow/'  washers  dudfour  nuts. 


CHASSIS.  7 

Four  bolts,  for  counter  hurters,  rails  and  fork  plates.  Four 
nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  fork  sockets.  They  are  made  of  plate  iron  welded  on  a 
mandril;  the  ends  are  filed  to  the  proper  slope,  so  as  to  fit 
against  the  fork  plate  when  the  axis  of  the  socket  is  vertical. 
The  sockets  are  driven  hard  into  their  mortises. 

Two  fork  plates.  They  are  fastened  to  the  under  sides  of  the 
rails,  each  by  six  nails  and  three  bolts. 

Two  bolts,  for  rear  transom  and  fork  plates.  The  heads  are  let 
into  the  upper  side  of  the  transom.     Two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

One  manceuvring  loop.  Fastened  to  the  rear  end  of  the  tongue 
by  two  nails  and  o?ie  bolt.      One  nut  for  loop  bolt. 

One  bolt,  for  front  transom  and  tongue.  The  head  of  this  bolt 
is  2.25  inches  diameter;  it  is  let  into  the  transom  in  the  bottom 
of  the  pintle  hole.      One  washer  and  one  nut  for  this  bolt. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  tongue  and  the  middle  and  rear  transoms. 
The  heads  are  let  into  the  upper  side  of  the  tongue.  Two  washers 
and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  prop  plates,  fastened  to  the  prop,  each  by  two  nails. 

One  prop  bolt.      One  key  for  this  bolt. 

Two  forks.  They  may  be  made  from  hammered  shapes,  or 
of  bar  iron,  of  which  the  two  parts  are  welded  together  to  form 
the  stem. 

The  stem  is  finished  with  the  file,  to  fit  in  the  sockets  indis- 
criminately; the  corners  are  slightly  rounded. 

Two  fork  bolts.  Twd  nuts,  octagonal.  The  heads  of  the  fork 
bolts  are  elongated,  to  serve  for  manoeuvring  bolts. 

Two  traverse  wheels,  (cast  iron.)  The  hole  for  the  bolt  is 
reamed  out,  and  the  hub  is  faced  to  the  proper  thickness. 

For  chassis  of  32-pounder  and  heavier  calibres,  add : 

Four  pipes,  (cast  iron.)  The  ends  should  be  faced  in  the 
lathe,  to  the  proper  length. 

Two  pipe  bolts.     Four  washers  and  two  nuts. 


8  Part  6. — baIibette  carriages. 

PINTLE  CROSS,  BOLSTER  AND  TRAVERSE  CIRCLE. 

In  permanent  batteries,  the  pintle  is  fixed  in  a  block  of  stone, 
and  the  traverse  circle  is  an  iron  plate,  set  also  on  stone. 

For  temporary  batteries,  the  pintle  is  attached  to  a  wooden 
bolster,  which  is  covered  by  a  circular  cast  iron  plate,  and  at- 
tached by  four  bolts  to  a  wooden  cross  picketed  firmly  into  the 
ground. 

The  traverse  circle  is  formed  of  planks  pinned  to  sleepers  and 
fastened  by  pickets,  or  secured  to  string  pieces  which  connect 
the  traverse  circle  with  the  pintle  cross. 

The  two  kinds  of  pintle  are  shown  in  Plate  XIL 

Plate  XIII  represents  a  12-pounder  gun  carriage,  mounted  on  a 
Wooden  pintle  block  and  platform. 

Plate  XIV  represents  a  32-pounder  gun  carriage,  mounted  on 
a  stone  pintle  block  and  traverse  circle. 

JSTails  and  screws  for  barbette  carriages. 


DESIGNATION. 


Gun  carriage. 


J^ails,  for  tire  of  2  wheels 

o   ^.„-  S  ^^^  cheek  plates,  12, 18,  and  24-p'rs 


JVaib, 


Chassis. 

for  hurters  and  counter  hurters.. 

friction  plate 

fork  plates 

manceavring:  loop , 


Screws,  for  rail  plates 


prop 
)la 


20 
2 
4 


8 

10 

12 

2 

4 

30 


Kind. 


No.  4,  C. 
No.  20. 
Do. 


No.  2,  C. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  20. 


Length. 


4.5 
2.5 
2.5 


3.5 

3.5 

3.5 

3. 

2.5 

2.5 


BOLTS. 


Bolts  and  rivets  for  barbette  carriages. 


DESIGNATION. 


Kind. 


12-p'r. 


18-p'r 


24-p'r. 


ffl 


Gun  carriage. 

For  connecting  the  uprights  ( 
and  braces > 

"  manoeuvring  collars...  \ 

"  assembling  the  cheeks . . . 

"  axle  body  and  tie 

"  elevating  bed  plate 

"  middle  transom  and  tie. . 
"  middle  transom  and  brace 
"   rear  transom  and  bed  plate 

"   rear  transom  and  tie 

"  trunnion  plates 


No.  5,  A. 
No.  6,  A. 
No.  5.t 
No.  6.t 
No.  5,  A. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  5,  B. 

Do. 
No.  4,  E. 
No.  4,  A. 
No.2,G 


In. 


28. 

21.38 

25.28 
16.36 
16.94 

18.88 

21.3 

20.47 

4. 

16.88 
12. 


In. 


28. 

21.38 

27.28 
16.36 
16.94 

18.88 

21.22 

20.47 

4. 

16.88 
12. 


In. 


29.3 

22.25 
28.98 
16.36 
16.94 

19.19 
21.13 
20.3 
4.5 
17.63 
12.63 


Chassis. 

For  hurters  and  rails 

*•  middle  transom  and  rmls. 
"  front  transom  and  tongue 
"  middle  transom  &  tongue 
"  rear  transom  and  tongue. 
"  rear  transom  &  fork  plates 
"  counter  hurters,  rails,  ( 

and  fork  plates ( 

**  front  transom  and  rails. . 

"  rail  plates 

"  manoeuvring  loop 

"  prop '. 

«'-'"»"=- ISe""""""- 

Rivets    for     hurters    and ) 

counter  hurters. . .  \ 


No.  5,  A. 
No.  5,  B. 

Do.§ 

Do. 

Do 

Do. 
No.  5.** 

Do.** 

Do.** 
No.  2,  C. 
No.  2,  B. 
No.  2.  ** 
No.  2,  F. 

Do. 

No.  4,  B. 


14.83 

16.19 

13.25 

18.19 

14.19 

8.6 

12.75 

16.55 

15.9 

6.63 

9.9 

8.35 

8.63 

6.63 

6. 


14.83 

16.19 

13.25 

18.19 

14.19 

8.6 

12.75 

16.55 

15.9 

6.63 

9.9 

8.35 

8.63 

6.63 

6. 


15.83 

17.19 

14.25 

19.19 

15.19 

8.6 

13.75 

17.55 

16.9 

7.63 

10.9 

9.35 

8.63 

7.63 


2* 

2* 

2 

2 

4 

It 


4 
2 

4tt 


*  Bevel  washers.       f  Plate  VII.       \  Double  washer.       ||  Nuts  not  chamfered. 
§  Head  2.25  inches  diameter.       **  Plate  XII.       ft  Burrs. 


10 


PART   6. BARBETTE  CARRIAGES. 


Bolts  and  rivets  for  barbette  carriages. 


DESIGNATION. 


Gun  carriage. 

For  connecting  the  uprights 

and  braces 

"   manoeuvring  collars . . . 
"  assembling  the  cheeks . . . 
"  axle  body  and  tie 

"  elevating  bed  plate. ...  5 

"  mid.  transom  and  brace 

"  rear  transom  and  bed  plate 

*'  rear  transom  and  tie, 

"  trunnion  plates , 

Rivet  bo.t.4f--^p^^-::; 


Kind. 


No.  7,  A. 

No.  7.t 
No.  5,  A. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  4,  A. 
No.  5,  A. 
No.  5,  B. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  5,  E. 
No- 5,  A. 
No.2,G. 


32-p'r, 


In. 


31.35 

27.25 
33.2 
16.44 
16.94 

20.88 

21.13 
20.3 

5. 

18.38 
14.13 


8-inch 
how'r. 


In. 


31.35 

27.25 

33.2 

16.44 

18.7 

20.7 

21.3 

21.65 

5. 

18.38 
14.13 


42-p'r. 


In. 


32.45 

28. 
35.48 
16.41 
16.94 

21.7 

21. 
20.2 

5 

19.13 
14.63 


WASHERS 


Chassis. 

For  hurters  and  rails 

"  pipes 

"  middle  transom  and  rails. 

"  front  transom  and  tongue 

"  tongue  and  brace 

"  middle  transom  &  tongue 

"  rear  transom  and  tongue. 

"  rear  transom  &  fork  plates 

*'  counter  hurters,  rails,  ( 
and  fork  plates ( 

"  front  transom  and  rails. . 

"  rail  plates 

"  manoeuvring  loop 

"  prop 

Rivet  bolts  for  front  and  V 

middle  transoms. . . .  ( 

Rivets    for    hurters    and  / 

counter  hurters. . .  \ 


No.  5,  A. 
Do. 

No.  5,  B. 

Do.  II 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  5.  * 

Do.* 

Do.* 
No.  2,  C. 
No.  2,  B. 
No.  2.* 

No.  2,  F. 
No.  4,  B. 


16.8 

52.68 

19.19 

15.19 

12.5 

21.19 

16.19 

9.6 
14.75 
18.55 
17.85 

8.63 
11.9 
10.35 

10.63 

8. 


16.8 

52.68 

19.19 

15.19 

12.5 

21.19 

16.19 

9.6 
14.75 
18.55 
17.85 

8.63 
11.9 
10.35 


17.8 

54.88 

21.19 

16.19 

13.5 

23.19 

17.19 

9.6 
15.75 
19.55 
18.85 

9.63 
12.9 
11.35 


10.63   10.63 


8. 


9.00 


4tt 


Bevel  washers.       f  Plate  VJI.       J  Double  washer.       §  Nuts  not  chamfered. 
II  Head  2.25  inches  diameter.       **  Plate  XII.       ft  Burrs. 


BILLS    OF  TIMBER. 


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BILLS    OF    IRON.  15 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  12-pr.  or  one  IS-pr.  barbette  gttn  carriage. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Wide. 


Thick. 


Long. 


2  trail  rivet  bolts 

2  rivet  bolts  for  up-  (  Heads.. . 

rights I  Bodies. . 

12  heads  for  bolts  No.  5 

2  cheek  bolts — bodies 

2  bevel  washers 

]  lunette 

4  assembling  bolts-  (  12-pr... . 

bodies (  18-pr... . 

1  rear  transom  and  tie  bolt — 

body 

1  bed  plate  bolt — body 

1  bed  plate  bolt — body 

1  bed  plate  forelevatingscrew  < 

1  nut  for  elevating  screw 

]  elevating  screw 

1  axletree 

2  axle  stirrups 

2  bridles 

1  clamp  washer 

2  bolts  for  axle  and  tie — bodies 
1  double  washer. 

1  bolt  for  middle  transom  and 

tie— body 

2  manoeuvring  bolts  I  gj^^f^^;; 

2  collars 

2  cheek  plates 

2  manoeuvring  staples 

2  trunnion  plates. 

4  trunnion  plate  bolts 

2  rollers 

4  axle  washers 

2  linch  pins 

2  washers  No.  2 

4  washers  No.  4 

18  washers  No.  5 

2  nuts  No.  2 

10  nuts  No.  4 

14  nuts  No.  5 

f    2  naves 

2  wheels..  <    2  tires 

(20  nails 


In. 

0.5 

1.5 

0.75 

2. 

1. 

4. 
1. 
1. 


1. 
1. 

4. 
2. 

2.375 

2. 
2. 
3. 
1. 
3. 


2. 

]. 

4. 

3.25 

0.75 

4.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.625 

2.5 

3.25 

1. 

1.5 

2. 

4.5 
0.5 


In. 

Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 

1.5 

Round 
Round 

Round 

Round 
Round 

1. 

1. 

Round 

0.75 

0.75 

.5 

Round 

1. 

Round 

Round 

1. 

0.5 

0.25 
Round 

0.5 

1.5 

0.5 

0.75 

0.125 

0.188 

0.188 

0.5 

0.75 

1. 

0.875 
0.5 


In. 

27. 
4. 
27.78 
36. 

48. 

14. 

85.12 

93.12 

16.47 

17.3 

12.94 

9.5 

10.5 

21. 

40. 
22. 
15.5 
24.72 
4.5 

14.88 

6. 
34. 
14.25 
19.5 
30. 
47.25 
12. 

62. 
10. 

3.25 
10. 
57.5 

2. 
15. 
28. 

272. 
95. 


Cast  iron. 


Cast  brass. 
Draft. 


Cast  iron. 


Cast  iron. 
In  two  pieces. 


16  PART  6. BARBETTE  CARRIAGES. 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  M-pounder  barbette  gun  carriage. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


2  trail  rivet  bolts 

2  rivet  bolts  for  up-  (  Heads... 
rights (  Bodies, . 

2  bevel  washers 

1  lunette 

10  heads  of  bolts  No.  5 

4  assembling  bolts — bodies. 
1  rear  transom  and  tie  bolt — 

body 

1  bed  plate  bolt — body 

1  bed  plate  bolt — body 

1  bedplate  for  elevating  screw 

1  nut  for  elevating  screw. .... 
]  elevating  screw , 

1  axletree , 

2  axle  stirrups 

2  bridles 

1  axle  and  tie  brace 

2  axle  and  tie  bolts — bodies.. . 
1  double  washer 

1  middle    transom    and    tie 

bolt — body 

2mancBuvringbolts|f^^^f;^-;; 

2  collars 

2  cheek  plates 

2  manoeuvring  staples 

2  trunnion  plates 

4  trunnion  plate  bolts 

2  rollers 

4  axle  washers 

2  linchpins 

2  washers  No.  2 

4  washers  No.  4 

11  washers  No.  5 

6  washers  No.  6 

2  nuts  No.  2 

10  nuts  No.  4 

10  nuts  No.  5 

4  nuts  No.  6 

2  naves 

2  wheels. .  {   2  tires 

20  nails 


Wide. 


Thick. 


In. 
0.5 
1.5 
0.75 
2.25 
1.125 

4. 
2. 
1. 

1. 

1. 
1. 

4. 
2. 

2.375 

2. 
2. 
3. 
1. 
3. 

1. 

2.25 

1.125 

4. 

3.5 

0.75 

4.75 

1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.625 
2.5 
3.25 
3.625 
1. 

J.5 
2. 
2.25 

4.5 
0.5 


In. 

Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 

1.5 
Round 
Round 

Round 

Round 
Round 

1. 

1. 

Round 

0.75 
0.75 
0.5 
Round 
1. 

Round 

Round 
1.125 
0.5 
0.25 

Round 
0.5 
1.5 

0.5 

0.75 

0.125 

0.188 

0.188 

0.188 

0.5 

0.75 

1. 

1.125 


Long. 


0.875 
0.5 


In 

28.25 

4. 
29.26 

6.5 
50.6 

14. 

30. 

100. 

16.3 

17.13 

12.94 

9.5 

10.5 

21. 

40. 
22. 
37.25 
24.72 
4.5 

15.19 

6.5 
35.75 
15.28 
19.5 
30. 
49.75 
12. 

62. 
10. 

3.25 
10. 
35.25 
21.5 

2. 
15. 
20. 
10. 


Cast  iron. 


Cast  brass. 
Draft. 


Cast  iron. 


272. 
95. 


Cast  iron. 
In  two  pieces. 


I 


BILLS    OF    IRON.  1*7 

Bill  ofirmf&r  one  S2-pr.  or  one  S-in,  how^r  barbette  g^m  carriage. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Wide. 


2  trail  rivet  bolts 

14  headsofboltsNo.5,for32-pr. 

13  heads  of  bolts  No.  5,  for  8-in. 

2  rivet  bolts  for  uprights,  bodies 

2cheekboits..|»'^Y;^-;::;; 

2  bevel  washers 

1  lunette 

6  assembling  bolts — bodies . . . 

1  rear  trans.  &  tie  bolt,  for  32-pr 

2  rear  trans.  &  tie  bolts,  for  8-in 

2  bed  plate  bolts — for  (  Heads . 
8-inch \  Bodies. 

1  bed  plate  for  elevating  screw  \ 

1  nut  for  elevating  screw 

1  elevating  screw 

1  axletree 

2  axle  stirrups  and  bridles. . . . 

1  axle  and  tie  brace 

2  axle  and  tie  bolts — bodies. . . 
1  double  washer 

1  middle  transom  and  tie  bolt.. 

2ma„CBUvringboIta|H^»f;^;; 

4  collars 

4  cheek  plates 

2  manoeuvring  staples 

2  trunnion  plates 

4  trunnion  plate  bolts 

2  rollers 

4  axle  washers 

21inch  pins 

2  washers  No.  2 

2  washers  No.  4 — for    8-inch. 

19  washers  No.  5 — for  32-pr.. 
18  washers  No.  5 — for    8-inch. 

6  washers  No.  7 

2  nuts  No.  2 

4  nuts  No.  4 — for  32-pounder. 

6  nuts  No.  4— for  8-inch  . . . . 
18  nuts  No.  5 — for  32-pounder. 
17  nuts  No.  5 — for    8-mch  . . . . 

4  nuts  No.  7 

i    2  naves 

2  wheels..  <    2  tires 

f  20  nails 


Thick. 


Long. 


In. 
0..5 
2. 
2. 
1. 
2.5 
1.25 

4. 

1. 

1. 

1. 

1. 

1. 

1.5 

0.75 

4. 

2. 

2.375 

2. 

3. 

1. 

3. 

1. 

2.5 

1.25 

4. 

4.25 

0.75 

5.5 

2. 

1.5 

1.5 

1.625 

2.5 

3.25 

3.25 

4.125 

1. 

1.5 

1.5 

2. 

2. 

2.5 

4.5 
0.5 


In. 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 

1.5 

Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 

1. 

1. 


In. 

31.25 
42. 
39. 
28.76 

7. 
54.7 

14. 
165.2 
16.3 
34.95 
17.13 
12.94 

4. 
31.4 

9.5 
10.5 


Round 

0.75 

0.5 
Round 

1. 
Round 
Round 

1.25 

0.5 

0.25 
Round 

0.5 

2. 

0.5 

0.75 

0.125 

0.188 

0.188 

0.188 

0.25 

0.5 

0.75 

0.75 

1. 

1. 

1.25 

0.875 
0.5 


Cast  iron. 


21. 

62. 
37.25 

24.88 
4.5 

16.88 
7. 

45.75 

29. 

39. 

30. 

.54.75 

14. 

62. 
10. 

3.25 

5 

60.75 
57.5 
24.5 

2. 

6. 

9. 
36. 
34. 
10. 

272. 
95. 


7.  5  for  8-inch. 
Cast  brass. 
Draft. 


Cast  iron. 


Cast  iron. 
In  two  pieces. 


Part  6—3 


18  PART   6. — BARBETTE    CARRIAGES. 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  i'H-pounder  barbette  gun  carriage. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Wide. 


2  trail  rivet  bolts 

14  heads  for  bolts  No.  5 

2  rivet  bolts  for  uprights,  bodies 

2  cheek  bolts..  I  H'l^;^-;;:; 

2  bevel  washers 

1  lunette 

6  assembling  bolts — bodies. . . . 
1  rear  transom  &  tie  bolt,  body 

1  bed  plate  bolt — body 

1  bed  plate  bolt — body 

1  bed  plate  for  elevating  screw  < 

1  nut  for  elevating  screw 

1  elevating  screw 

1  axletree 

2  axle  stirrups 

2  bridles 

1  axle  and  tie  brace 

2  axle  and  tie  bolts — bodies. . . 
1  double  washer 

1  middle  trans,  and  tie  bolt — 

body 

2  manoeuvring  bolts..  |  g^^^^^ 

4  collars 

4  cheek  plates , 

2  manoeuvring  staples. ... 

2  trunnion  plates 

4  trunnion  plate  bolts. ... 

2  rollers 

4  axle  washers 

2  linch  pins 

2  washers  No.  2 

19  washers  No.  5 

6  nuts  No.  7 , 

2  nuts  No.  2 

4  nuts  No.  4 

18  nuts  No.  5 

4  nuts  No.  7 

C   2  naves  .... 

2  wheels..  <    2  tires 

f  20  nails 


Thick.  Long. 


In. 

0.5 

2. 

1. 

2.5 

1.25 

4. 
1. 
1. 
1. 
1. 
4. 
2. 

2.375 

2. 
2. 
3. 
1. 
3. 

1. 

2.5 

1.25 

4. 

4.75 

0.75 

6. 

2. 

1.5 

1.5 

1.625 

3.25 

4.125 

1. 

1.5 

2. 

2.5 

4.5 
0.5 


In. 

Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 

1.5 

Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 

1. 

1. 

Round 

0.75 
0.75 
0.5 
Round 
1 

Round 

Round 
1.25 
0.5 
0.25 

Round 
0.5 
2. 

0.5 

0.75 

0.125 

0.188 

0.25 

0.5 

0.75 

1. 

1.25 

0.875 
0.5 


In. 

32.25 

42. 

30.26 

7. 
56.9 

14. 

188.88 
16.2 
17. 
12.94 
9.5 
10.5 

21. 

40. 
22. 
37.25 

24.82 
4.5 

17.7 

7. 

47.25 
29. 
39. 
30. 
55. 
14. 

62. 
]0. 

3.25 
60.75 
24.5 

2. 

6. 
36. 
10. 

272. 
95. 


Cast  iron. 


Cast  brass. 
Draft. 


Cast  iron. 


Cast  iron. 
In  two  pieces. 


BILLS    OF    IRON. 


19 


Bills  of  iron  for  barbette  chassis,  for  l2-pounder,  IS-pounder  and 
'2\i-pounder  carriages. 


Width. 

i 

LENGTH. 

KAMES    OF    PARTS. 

l2-pr.& 

18-pr. 

24-pr. 

2  rail  plates • 

In. 

2. 

0.5 

0.5 

1.5 

0.5 

5. 

3.5 

2. 

1. 

1. 
1. 
1. 
1. 
1. 

1. 

6.625 

8. 

2. 

0.5 

1.5 

0.5 

0.75 

3. 

2.375 

1.625 

3.25 

2! 
0.25 

In. 

0.25 
Round 
Round 

0.375 
Round 

0.5 

0.5 
Round 
Round 

Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 

Round 

0.25 

1. 

0.4 
Round 

0.3 
Round 

0.125 

1.25 
Round 

0.125 

0.188 

0.5 

1. 

0.25 

In. 

220.3 
30.52 
32. 
6. 

59.78 
8. 

33.5 
45. 
21.66 

23.8 

24.38 

42.6 

8.2 

9.25 

24.38 

19.9 

19. 

14.5 

11.4 

19.75 
9.85 
1.5 

66. 

16. 

16. 

28.75 

11. 

34. 

93. 

In. 

218.94 

34.5 

36. 

6. 

61.78 
8. 

34.5 
45. 
22.66 

24.8 
25.38 
46.6 
8.2 
10.25 

26.38 

19,9 
19. 
14.5 
12.4 
19.75 
10.85 
1.5 
66. 
16. 
16. 
28.75 
11. 
34. 
93. 

4  bolts  for  rail  plates 

4  rivets  for  hurters  and  counter  hurters 
4  burrs  for  rivets 

€  rivet  bolts  for  transoms 

-  »  .  , .        ,  .        C  Middle. ••■« 

ifnction  plate..  Ie^jJs.. :;:;;:;;;: 

15  heads  of  bolts  No.  5 

2  bolts  for  hurters  and  rails — bodies. . 

2  bolts  for  front  transom  and  rails—  ) 

bodies \ 

2  bolts  for  middle  transom  and  rails—  \ 
bodies \ 

4  bolts  for  rails  and  fork  plates —  ) 
bodies \ 

2  bolts  for  rear  transom  and  fork) 
plates — bodies \ 

1  bolt  for  front  transom  and  tongue —  ) 

body \ 

2  bolts  for  middle  and  rear  transom  ) 

and  tongue — bodies \ 

2  fork  sockets 

2  fork  plates 

1  manoeuvring  loop 

1  loop  bolt * *,. 

2  prop  plates ^ .  * 

1  prop  bolt t 

1  key  for  prop  bolt 

2  forks 

2  fork  bolts 

10  washers  No.  2 

9  washers  No.  5 

11  nuts  No.  2 

17  nuts  No.  5.... 

28  nails  No.  1.. . ., 

2  traverse  wheels— cast  iron . 

Part  6 — 4 


20 


PART   6. BARBETTE    CARRIAGES. 


Bills  of  iron  for   barbette   chassis,  for   S2-pounder,  S-inck  and 
^L^-pounder  carriages. 


NAMES  OP  PARTS. 


2  rail  plates 

4  bolts  for  rail  plates 

4  rivets  for  hurters  and  counter  hurters 

4  burrs  for  rivets 

6  rivet  bolts  for  transoms 

C  Middle... 
1  friction  place  and  brace.  <  Ends  .... 

(  Brace... . 
20  heads  of  bolts  No.  5 

1  bolt  for  tongue  and  brace — body. . , . 

2  bolts  for  hurters  and  rails — bodies, . 
2  bolts  for  front  transom  and  rails — 

bodies 

4  bolts  for  middle  transom  and  rails — 

bodies 

4  bolts  for  rails  and  fork  plates — 

bodies 

2  bolts  for  rear  transom  and  fork  ) 

plates — bodies ^ 

1  bolt  for  front  transom  and  tongue^- ) 

body I 

2  bolts  for  middle  and  rear  transom  > 

and  tongue — bodies ) 

2  bolts  for  pipes — bodies 

2  fork  sockets 

2  fork  plates ■ 

1  manoeuvring  loop 

1  loop  bolt 

2  prop  plates 

1  prop  bolt 

1  key  for  prop  bolt 

2forks 

2  fork  bolts 

10  washers  No.  2 

15  washers  No.  5 

11  nuts  No.  2 

22  nuts  No.  5 , 

28  nails  No.  1 

4  pipes — cast  iron, 

2  traverse  wheels — cast  iron. 


Width, 


In. 

2. 

0.5 

0.5 

1.5 

0.5 

7. 

3.5 

3. 

2. 

1. 

1. 

1. 


1. 

1. 

1. 

6.625 

8. 

2. 

0.5 

1.5 

0.5 

0.75 

3. 

2.375 

1.625 

3.25 

1. 

2. 

0.25 


In. 

0.25 
Round 
Round 

0.375 
Round 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 
Round 
Round 
Round 

Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 

Round 

Round 

0.25 

1. 

0.4 
Round 

0.3 
Round 

0.125 

1.25 
Round 

0.125 

0.188 

0.5 

1. 

0.25 


32-pr.  & 
8-inch. 


In. 

217.92 
38.52 
40, 

6. 
75.78 

8. 

39.8 
35.83 
60. 

8.5 
25.6 

27,7 

68.76 

50.6 

11.2 

11.19 

29.38 

97.36 
19.9 
19. 
14.5 
13.4 
19.75 
11.85 
1.5 
66. 
16. 
16. 
48. 
11. 
44. 
93. 


42-pr. 


In. 

217.6 
42.52 

44. 

6. 
75.78 

8. 
41. 
35.83 
60. 

9.5 
26.6 

28.7 

76.76 

64.6 

11.2 

12.19 

32.38 

101.76 
19.9 
19. 
14.5 
14.4 
19.75 
12.85 
1.5 
66. 
16. 
16. 
48. 
11. 
44. 
93. 


BILLS    OF   IRON.  21 

Summary  bill  of  iron  for  one  \%-pr.  or  one  \S-pr.  barbette  carriage. 


SIZE  OP  IRON. 

CHASSIS. 

TOTAL. 

GUNCARRIAGB. 

REMARKS. 

Wide. 

Thick. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.5 

Round 

2.25 

1.47 

11.96 

7.82 

14.21 

9.29 

0.75 

Round 

4.82 

7.08 

_ 

._ 

4.82 

7.08 

1. 

Round 

18.28 

47.72 

12.85 

33.53 

31.13 

81.25 

Add8in.forl8-pr 

1.5 

Round 

.33 

1.94 

— 

_ 

.33 

1.94 

2. 

Round 

3.5 

36.64 

3.75 

39.26 

7.25 

75.90 

2.375 

Round 

1.75 

25.83 

1.33 

19.63 

3.08 

45.46 

Hammered. 

0.25 

0.25 

- 

_ 

7.75 

1.63 

7.75 

1.63 

0.5 

0.5 

7.92 

6.65 

- 

_ 

7.92 

6.65 

0.75 

0.125 

_ 

_ 

.12 

.03 

.12 

.03 

1.0 

0.5 

.17 

.28 

.92 

1.54 

1.09 

1.82 

1.0 

1.0 

2.83 

9.50 

, 

_ 

2.83 

9.50 

1.5 

0.3 

_ 

_ 

1.64 

2.49 

1.64 

2.49 

1.5 

0.375 

- 

_ 

.50 

.94 

.50 

.94 

1.5 

0.5 

5.17 

13.02 

_ 

_ 

5.17 

13.02 

1.5 

0.75 

2.08 

7.86 

_ 

_ 

2.08 

7.86 

1.5 

1.5 

1.00 

7.56 

_ 

-. 

1.00 

7.56 

1.625 

0.125 

.27 

.18 

1.33 

.90 

1.60 

1.08 

2.0 

0.25 

_ 

18.36 

30.84 

18.36 

30.84 

2.0 

0.4 

_ 

_ 

1.21 

3.24 

1.21 

3.24 

2.0 

0.75 

5.17 

26.05 

_ 

5.17 

26.05 

2.0 

1. 

3.20 

21.50 

2T83 

19.02 

6.03 

40.52 

2.5 

0.188 

.83 

1.30 

_ 

_ 

.83 

1.30 

3.0 

0.5 

1.30 

6.55 

_ 

_ 

1.30 

6.55 

3.0 

1.0 

.37 

3.73 

_ 

_ 

.37 

3.73 

3.0 

1.25 

_ 

_ 

5.5 

69.30 

5.5 

69.30 

3.25 

0.188 

4.80 

9.79 

2.40 

4.89 

7.20 

14.68 

3.25 

0.25 

1.62 

4.42 

- 

- 

1.62 

4.42 

3.5 

0.5 

- 

2.80 

16.46 

2.80 

16.46 

4.0 

0.5 

1.19 

7.99 

_ 

_ 

1.19 

7.99 

4. 

1.0 

.79 

10.61 

_ 

_ 

.79 

10.61 

4. 

1.5 

1.16 

23.41 

_ 

_ 

1.16 

23.41 

4.5 

0.5 

3.94 

29.78 

- 

3.94 

29.78 

4.5 

0.875 

22.67 

299.69 

- 

22.67 

299.69 

2  pieces,  11  ft.  4  in. 

5. 

0.5 

_ 

_ 

1.6 

13744 

1.6 

13.44 

6.625 

0.25 

_ 

_ 

1.62 

9.0 

1.62 

9.0 

8. 

1. 

_ 

- 

1.58 

42.47 

1.56 

42.47 

141. 

- 

- 

- 

141. 

Draft  for  axletree. 

751.55 

- 

316.43 

- 

1067.98 

Add  1.751b  for  18p 

f 

- 

4. 

- 

_ 

— 

4. 

2  bevel  washers. 

j 

- 

270. 

-. 

_ 

_ 

270. 

2  rollers. 

Cast  iron.. .  < 

- 

206. 

- 

- 

- 

206. 

2  naves. 

- 

- 

- 

130. 

- 

130. 

2  traverse  wheels. 

1 

- 

480. 

- 

130. 

- 

610. 

Cast  bi 

ass.... 

- 

11. 

- 

- 

- 

11. 

Nut  for  screw. 

22  PART    6. — BARBETTE    CARRIAGES. 

Summary  bill  of  iron  for  one  2i'pounder  barbette  carriage. 


SIZE  OF  IRON. 

TOTAL. 

GUN  CARRIAGE. 

CHASSIS. 

REMARKS. 

Wide. 

rhick. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.5 

Round 

2.35 

1.54 

12.96 

8.47 

15.31 

10.01! 

075 

Round 

4.94 

7.26 

_ 

_ 

4.94 

7.26 

1.0 

Round 

15.52 

40.50 

13.69 

35.73 

29.21 

76.23! 

1.125 

Round 

4.21 

13.93 

_ 

_ 

4.21 

13.93 

1.5 

Round 

.33 

1.94 

_ 

_ 

.33 

1.94 

2. 

Round 

2.5 

26.17 

3.75 

39.26 

6.25 

65.43 

2.25 

Round 

1.08 

14.31 

_ 

_ 

1.08 

14.31 

2.. 375 

Round 

1.75 

25.83 

1.33 

19.63 

3.08 

45.46 

Hammered. 

0.25 

0.25 

_ 

- 

7.75 

1.62 

7.75 

1.62 

0.5 

0.5 

7.92 

6.65 

_ 

- 

7.92 

6.65 

0.75 

0.125 

_ 

- 

.12 

0.03 

.12 

.03 

1.0 

0.5 

.16 

.27 

.91 

1.52| 

1.07 

1.79 

1.125 

1.125 

3.14 

13.34 

_ 

3.14 

13.34 

1.5 

0.3 

_ 

- 

1.64 

2T49 

1.63 

2.49 

1.5 

0.375 

- 

- 

0.5 

.94 

.5 

.94 

1.5 

0.5 

5.16 

13. 

_ 

- 

5.16 

13.00 

1.5 

0.75 

2.92 

11.03 

_ 

_ 

2.92 

11.03 

1.5 

1.5 

1.0 

7.56 

_ 

_ 

1.0 

7.56 

1.625 

0.125 

.27 

.18 

1.33 

.90 

1.60 

1.08 

2.0 

0.25 

_ 

_ 

18.25 

30.66 

18.25 

30.66 

2.0 

0.4 

_ 

_ 

1.21 

3.24 

1.21 

3.24 

2.0 

0.75 

5.17 

26.05 

_ 

_ 

5.17 

26.05 

2.0 

1.0 

2.54 

17.07 

2.83 

19.01 

5.37 

36.08 

2.25 

1.125 

.83 

7.05 

_ 

- 

.83 

7.05 

2.5 

0.188 

.83 

1.30 

_ 

_ 

.83 

1.30 

3.0 

0.5 

3.10 

15.62 

"~ 

_ 

3.10 

15.62 

3.0 

1.0 

.37 

3.73 

_ 

.37 

3.73 

3.0 

1.25 

_ 

— 

5.5 

69.30 

5.5 

69.30 

3.25 

0.188 

2.94 

5.99 

2.39 

4.88 

5.33 

10.87 

3.5 

0.25 

1.62 

4.76 

_ 

- 

1.62 

4.76 

3.5 

0.5 

_ 

- 

2.87 

16.87 

2.87 

16.87 

3.625 

0.188 

1.8 

4.10 

_ 

- 

1.8 

4.10 

4. 

0.5 

1.27 

8.53 

_ 

_ 

1.27 

8.53 

4. 

1.0 

.8 

10.75 

_ 

_ 

.8 

10.75 

4. 

1.5 

1.17 

23.61 

_ 

_ 

1.17 

23.61 

4.5 

0.875 

22.67 

299.69 

_ 

- 

22.67 

299.69 

2pieces,  lift.  4in. 

4.75 

0.5 

4.15 

33.11 

- 

- 

4.15 

33.11 

5. 

0.5 

_ 

- 

1.6 

13.44 

1.6 

13.44 

6.625 

0.25 

_ 

_ 

1.66 

9.23 

1.66 

9.23 

8.0 

1.0 

_ 

_ 

1.58 

42.48 

1.58 

42.48 

147. 

- 

- 

- 

147. 

Draft  for  axletree. 

791.87 

- 

319.7 

- 

1111.57 

r 

- 

6. 

_ 

- 

- 

6. 

2  bevel  washers. 

Cast  iron...' 

_ 

270.* 
206. 

_ 

ISO.f 

400. 
206. 

*2  rollers,  ]2  wh'Is 
2  naves. 

- 

482. 

- 

130. 

- 

612. 

Cast  b 

rass . . . 

11. 

- 

- 

- 

11. 

Nut  for  screw 

BILLS  OF  IRON.  23 

Summary  bill  of  iron  for  one  S^-pounder  barbette  carriage. 


SIZE  OP  IRON. 

1 

i               n.« 

GU  NT  CARRIAGE. 

CHASSIS. 

1          TO'iAi.. 

REMARKS. 

Wide. 

Thick. 

! 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.5 

Round 

2.60 

1.70 

14.96 

9.78 

17.56 

11.48 

0.75 

Round 

2.50 

3.67 

_ 

_ 

2.50 

3.67 

1.00 

Round 

23.51 

61.36 

27.52 

71.82 

51.03 

133.18 

1.25 

Round 

4.56 

18.65 

_ 

_ 

4.56 

18.65 

2. 

Round 

3.50 

36.64 

5.0 

52.35 

8.50 

88.99 

2.375 

Round 

1.75 

25.83 

1.33 

19.63 

3.08 

45.46 

Hammered. 

2.5 

Round 

1.17 

19.14 

_ 

1.17 

19.14 

0.25 

0.25 

_ 

.77 

.16 

.77 

.16 

0.5 

0.5 

7.92 

6.65 

_ 

_ 

1     7.92 

6.65 

0.75 

0.125 

_ 

.14 

.04 

i       -14 

.04 

1.0 

0.5 

.16 

.27 

.91 

1.52 

1.07 

1.79 

1.25 

1.25 

3.81 

20.00 

_ 

3.81 

20.00 

1.5 

0.3 

_ 

_ 

lT64 

2.49 

1.64 

2.49 

1.5 

0.375 

_ 

_ 

.50 

.94 

.50 

.94 

1.5 

0.5 

5.17 

13. 

_ 

_ 

5.17 

13. 

1.5 

0.75 

1.33 

5.02 

_ 

_ 

1.33 

5.02 

1.625 

0.125 

.27 

.18 

1.33 

.90 

1.60 

1.08 

2.0 

0.25 

18.16 

30.51 

18.16 

30.51 

2.0 

0.4 

_ 

_ 

1.21 

3.24 

1.21 

3.24 

2.0 

0.75 

5.17 

26.05 

_ 

5.17 

26.05 

2.0 

1.0 

3.87 

26.00 

3.67 

24.66 

7.54 

50.66 

2.0 

2.0 

1.17 

15.72 

_ 

„ 

1.17 

15.72 

2.5 

1.25 

.83 

8.71 

_ 

_ 

.83 

8.71 

3.0 

0.5 

3.10 

15.62 

2.98 

15.01 

6.08 

30.63 

3.0 

1. 

.44 

4.44 

_ 

_ 

.44 

4.44 

3.0 

1.25 

_ 

_ 

5.5 

69.30 

5.5 

69.30 

3.25 

0.188 

5.06 

10.32 

4. 

8.16 

9.06 

18.48 

3.5 

0.5 

3.32 

19.52 

3.32 

19.52 

4.0 

0.5 

2.42 

I6T26 

_ 

_ 

2.42 

16.26 

4.0 

1.0 

.79 

10.62 

_ 

_ 

.79 

10.62 

4.0 

1.5 

1.17 

23.61 

_ 

_ 

1.17 

23.61 

4.125 

0.25 

2.04 

7.06 

_ 

_ 

2.04 

7.06 

4.25 

0.25 

3.25 

11.60 

_ 

_ 

3.25 

11.60 

4.5 

0.875 

22.67 

299.69 

- 

- 

22.67 

299.69 

2pieces,llft.4iii. 

5.5 

0.5 

4.56 

42.13 

_ 

- 

4.56 

42.13 

6.625 

0.25 

_ 

« 

1.66 

9.23 

1.66 

9.23 

7.0 

0.5 

_ 

_ 

.67 

7.88 

.67 

7,88 

8.0 

1.0 

- 

- 

1.58 

42.48 

1.58 

42.48 

205. 

- 

- 

- 

205. 

Draft  for  axletree. 

934.94 

- 

389.62 

- 

1324.56 

■ 

- 

7.5* 

_ 

50. t 

_ 

57.5 

*2  wash's,!  4  pipes 

Cast  iron... -^ 

~ 

292.+ 
206. 

- 

130.11 

- 

422. 
206. 

12  rollers,  ||2wh'ls 
2  naves. 

I 

- 

505.5 

- 

180. 

685.5 

Castbi 

ass.... 

- 

11. 

- 

- 

- 

11. 

Nut  for  screw. 

24  PART    6. BARBETTE    CARRIAGES. 

Summanj  bill  of  iron  for  one  S-inc/i  howitzer  barbette  carriage. 


SIZE  OB-  IRON. 

CHASSIS. 

TOTAL. 

GUN  CARRIAGE 

REMARKS. 

Wide. 

Thick. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.5 

Round 

2.60 

1.70 

14.96 

9.78 

17.56 

11.48 

0.75 

Round 

5.12 

7.53 

5.12 

7.53 

1.0 

Round 

22.55 

58.85 

27.52 

71.83 

50.07 

130.68 

1.25 

Round 

4.56 

18.65 

_ 

_ 

4.56 

18.65 

1.5 

Round 

.33 

1.94 

_ 

_ 

.33 

1.94 

2.0 

Round 

3.25 

34.03 

5.0 

52.35 

8.25 

86.38 

2.375 

Round 

1.75 

25.83 

1.33 

19.63 

3.08 

45.46 

Hammered. 

2.5 

Round 

1.17 

19.14 

_ 

_ 

1.17 

19.14 

0.25 

0.25 

_ 

_ 

.77 

.16 

.77 

.16 

0.5 

0.5 

7.92 

6.65 

_ 

7.92 

6.65 

0.75 

0.125 

- 

_ 

.14 

.04 

.14 

.04 

1.0 

0.5 

.16 

.27 

.91 

1.52 

1.07 

1.79 

1.25 

1.25 

3.81 

20.00 

3.81 

20.00 

1.5 

0.3 

_ 

_ 

1.64 

2.49 

1.64 

2.49 

1.5 

0.375 

_ 

_ 

.50 

.94 

.50 

.94 

1.5 

0.5 

.52 

1.31 

.52 

1.31 

1.5 

0.75 

.16 

.60 

_ 

_ 

.16 

.60 

1.625 

0.125 

.27 

.18 

1.33 

.90 

1.60 

1.08 

2.0 

0.25 

18.16 

30.51 

18.16 

30.51 

2.0 

0.4 

- 

_ 

1.21 

3.24 

1.21 

3.24 

2.0 

0.75 

5.17 

26.05 

_ 

_ 

5.17 

26.05 

2.0 

1.0 

3.71 

24.93 

3.67 

24.66 

7.38 

49.59 

2.0 

2.0 

1.17 

15.72 

_ 

_ 

1.17 

15.72 

2.5 

0.188 

.42 

.66 

_ 

_ 

.42 

.66 

2.5 

1.25 

.83 

8.71 

_ 

_ 

.83 

8.71 

3.0 

0.5 

3.10 

15.62 

2.98 

15.01 

6.08 

30.63 

3.0 

1.0 

.37 

3.73 

_ 

_ 

.37 

3.73 

3.0 

1.25 

_ 

_ 

5.5 

69.30 

5.5 

69.30 

3.25 

0.188 

4.79 

9.77 

4.0 

8.16 

8.79 

17.93 

3.5 

0.5 

_ 

3.32 

19.52 

3.32 

19.52 

4.0 

0.5 

2.42 

16.26 

_ 

2.42 

16.26 

4.0 

1.0 

.62 

8.33 

_ 

_ 

.62 

8.33 

4.0 

1.5 

1.17 

23.61 

_ 

- 

1.17 

23.61 

4.125 

0.25 

2.04 

7.06 

_ 

_ 

2.04 

7.06 

4.25 

0.25 

3.25 

11.60 

_ 

_ 

3.25 

11.60 

4.5 

0.875 

22.67 

299.69 

_ 

_ 

22.67 

299.69 

2  pieces,  11  ft.  4  in. 

5.5 

0.5 

4.56 

42.13 

_ 

_ 

4.56 

42.13 

6.625 

0.25 

_ 

1.66 

9.23 

1.66 

9.23 

7.0 

0.5 

_ 

„ 

.67 

7.88 

.67 

7.88 

8.0 

1.0 

_ 

_ 

1.58 

42.48 

1.58 

42.48 

205. 

- 

205. 

Draft  for  axletree. 

915.55 

- 

389.63 

- 

1305.18 

' 

_ 

7.5* 

_ 

50. t 

_ 

57.5 

*2  wash's,  14  pipes 

Cast  iron. . .  < 

- 

292.t 
206. 

- 

130.11 

- 

422. 
206. 

+2rollers,||2wh'ls 
2  naves. 

I 

- 

505.5 

- 

180. 

- 

685.5 

Cast  br 

ass.... 

I~ 

11. 

- 

- 

- 

11. 

BILLS   OF   IRON.  25 

Summary  bill  of  iron  for  one  ^^-pounder  barbette  carriage. 


SIZE  OF    IRO 

M. 

~    GUN  CARRIAGE. 

CHASSIS. 

TOTAL. 

REMARKS. 

Wide. 

ThLc 

k. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.5 

Rour 

d      2.69 

1.76 

15.80 

10.33 

18.49 

12.09 

0.75 

Rour 

d      2.5 

3.67 

_ 

2.5 

3.67 

1.0 

Rour 

d    25.65 

66.95 

30.31 

79.11 

55.96 

146.06 

1.25 

ROUK 

d      4.74 

19.38 

_ 

_ 

4.74 

19.38 

2.0 

Roun 

d      3.5 

36.64 

5. 

52.35 

8.5 

88.99 

2.375 

Roun 

d      1.75 

25.83 

].33 

19.63 

3.08 

45.46 

Hammered. 

2.5 

Roun 

d      1.17 

19.14 

_ 

1.17 

19.14 

0.25 

0.2i 

>          - 

_ 

7.75 

1.63 

7.75 

1.63 

0.5 

0.5 

7.92 

6.65 

_ 

_ 

7.92 

6.65 

0.75 

O.IS 

55        - 

_ 

.14 

.04 

.14 

.04 

1.0 

0.5 

.17 

.28 

_ 

.17 

.28 

1.25 

1.2f 

)       3.94 

20.68 

_ 

_ 

3.94 

20.68 

1.5 

0.3 

1.64 

2.49 

1.64 

2.49 

1.5 

0.3' 

5       - 

_ 

.5 

.94 

.5 

.94 

1.5 

0.5 

5.17 

13.02 

.92 

2.32 

6.09 

15.34 

1.5 

0.7£ 

»       1.33 

5.02 

_ 

_ 

1.33 

5.02 

1.625 

1.25 

.27 

.18 

1.33 

.90 

1.60 

1.08 

2.0 

0.25 

- 

18.13 

30.45 

18.13 

30.45 

2.0 

0.4 

_ 

1.21 

3.24 

1.21 

3.24 

2.0 

0.75 

1    57l7 

26.05 

_ 

_ 

5.17 

26.05 

2.0 

1.0 

3.87 

26.00 

3.67 

24.66 

7.54 

50.66 

2.0 

2.0 

1.17 

15.72 

_ 

_ 

1.17 

15.72 

2.5 

1.25 

.83 

7.05 

_ 

_ 

.83 

7.05 

3.0 

0.5 

3.10 

15.62 

2.99 

15.01 

6.09 

30.63 

3.0 

1.0 

.37 

3.73! 

_ 

_ 

.37 

3.73 

• 

3.0 

1.25 

_ 

-    1 

5.5 

69.30 

5.5 

69.30 

3.25 

0.18 

8     5.06 

10.32 

4.0 

8.16 

9.06 

18.48 

3.5 

0.5 

3.42 

20.11 

3.42 

20.11 

4.0 

0.5 

2.42 

16.26 

_ 

_ 

2.42 

16.26 

4.0 

1.0 

.79 

10.62 

_ 

_ 

.79 

10.62 

4.0 

1.5 

1.17 

23.611 

- 

_ 

1.17 

23.61 

4.125 

0.25 

2.04 

7.06 

- 

_ 

2.04 

7.06 

4.5 

0.87 

5    22.67299.69 

_ 

_ 

22.67 

299.69 

2pieces,llft.  4in. 

4.75 

0.25 

3.25 

12.97i 

_ 

_ 

3.25 

12.97 

6. 

0.5 

4.58 

46.16 

_ 

_ 

4.58 

46.16 

6.625 

0.25 

_ 

_ 

1.66 

9.23 

1.66 

9.23 

7. 

0.5 

- 

_ 

.67 

7.881 

.67 

7.88 

8. 

1.0 

- 

- 

1.58 

42.48 

1.58 

42.48 

213. 

- 

- 

213. 

Draft  for  axletree. 

953.06 

- 

400.26! 

- 

1353.32 

- 

7.5* 

_ 

49. t 

_ 

56.5 

*2  wash's,  t4  pipes 

Cast  iron...  • 

- 

292.1 
206. 

- 

130.11 

- 

422. 
206. 

:2  rollers,  ||2wh'la 
2  nares. 

- 

505.5 

- 

179. 

- 

684.5 

Cast  br 

ass... 

. 

11. 

-   i     -    1 

- 

11. 

Nut  for  screw. 

^  PART    6. BARBETTE    CARRIAGES. 

Remarks  on  the  bills  of  iron . 

The  bar  iron  in  the  above  bills  is  all  rolled  iron,  except  that  for 
the  elevating  screws,  for  which  hammered  iron  is  preferable. 

No  hammered  drafts  are  required,  except  for  the  axle  trees, 
the  dimensions  of  which  are  readily  obtained  from  the  drawings 
of  finished  axle  trees,  and  by  reference  to  the  drafts  of  those  for 
siege  carriages.  Part  3.  It  is,  therefore,  considered  unnecessary 
to  represent  the  drafts  for  the  barbette  axle  trees. 

Formers  are  required  for  shaping  the  trunnion  plates  and  forks 
of  these  carriages;  but  as  these  formers  are  similar  to  those  for 
other  carriages,  of  which  numerous  examples  are  given  in  the 
plates  of  Parts  2,  3  and  7,  and  as  their  dimensions  are  easily  de- 
duced from  the  drawings  of  the  finished  irons,  they  are  not  rep- 
resented in  the  plates  of  this  part. 


ARTILLERY. 


PART    SEVENTH. 


Corrections — Part  Sixth, 

Page  10— in  table  of  bolts  for  chassis,  2d  column,  lines  9,  11,  and  14,  for"  *," 
read  "**;'♦  and  in  line  10,  for  "  *,"  read  "  B." 
19— 1st  line  of  table,  for  "  220.3,"  read  "  225.8." 
19— 1st  line  of  table,  for  "  218.94,"  read  "  224.44." 
20— 1st  line  of  table,  for  "217.92,"  read  "  223.42." 
20— 1st  line  of  table,  for  "217.6,"  read  "223.1." 
21— iron  2.0  by  0.25,  for  "  18.36,"  read  "  18.80." 
21— iron  2.0X0.25,  for  "30.84,"  read  "31.61." 
"18  25,"  read  "18.71." 
"30.66,"  read  "31.43." 
for  "18.16,"  read  "18.62." 
30.51,"  read  "31.28." 
18.13,"  read  "18.59." 
30.45,"  read  "31.22." 
Make  corresponding  corrections  in  the  total  weights  of  wrought  iron. 


22— 

do. 

for 

22— 

do. 

for 

23  and  24— 

do. 

for 

23  and  24— 

do. 

for 

25— 

do. 

for 

25— 

do. 

for 

1848 


/c- 


r 


■-■'•^.-,    ^^^ 


PART  SEVENTH.        "^Jv^     ^^ 


CASEMATE    CARRIAGES. 

The  carriages  for  the  24,  32  and  42-pounder  guns,  and  for  the 
8-inch  columbiad,  are  similar  to  each  other,  differing  only  in 
their  dimensions. 

A  special  carriage  is  arranged  for  mounting  the  24-pounder 
howitzer  in  the  flanks  of  casemate  batteries. 

The  general  remarks  relative  to  the  wood  work  of  barbette 
carriages  apply  also  to  casemate  carriages. 

Each  of  these  carriages  consists  of  a  gun  carriage  and  a  chassis. 

GUN   CARRIAGE.  — PLATES   I   to   V. 
Wood  iDork. 

Two  cheeks.  Each  cheek  consists  of  two  pieces,  which  are 
notched  trgether  and  fastened  by  two  dowels,  as  shown  in  the 
plates;  the  dowels  are  placed  parallel  to  the  short  sides  of  the 
notches. 

One  front  transom.  The  ends  are  joined  to  the  cheeks  with 
tenons  and  mortises.  The  top  of  the  transom  is  hollowed  out, 
to  admit  of  elevating  and  depressing  the  gun;  the  edges  are 
rounded  with  a  radius  of  .5  inch. 

One  rear  transom  and  slide.  These  may  be  made  in  one  piece, 
but  on  account  of  the  large  size  they  are  better  made  of  two,  or 
even  of  four  pieces.  The  upper  piece,  which  is  the  transom 
proper,  contains  the  tenons  which  connect  it  with  the  cheeks; 
the  lower  piece  is  the  slide,  which  bears  on  the  chassis  and  is 


2  PART    7. CASEMATE  CARRIAGES. 

notched  out  to  lit  the  tongue;  the  notch  is  made  .1  inch  wider  at 
the  bottom  than  at  the  top;  the  transom  and  slide  are  joined  to- 
gether by  two  dowels. 

Instead  of  cutting  the  notch  out  of  the  transom,  it  may  be  ad- 
vantageously formed  by  adding  on  the  bottom  of  the  slide  two 
transverse  pieces  of  the  depth  of  the  notch,  (2  inches,)  fastened 
each  by  6  nails,  No.  3,  C,  thus  forming  the  whole  transom  in  four 
pieces,  which  are  held  together  by  the  two  bolts  of  the  elevating 
bed  plate  and  by  two  bolts  for  the  rear  transom  and  slide.  If 
timber  of  the  proper  width  is  not  at  hand,  the  slide  itself  may  be 
made  of  two  pieces,  which  will  be  held  together  by  the  roller 
bolts,  in  addition  to  the  four  other  bolts  just  mentioned. 

Orie  axle  tree.  Tough,  young  oak  should  be  selected  for  it. 
The  axle  tree  is  let  into  notches  in  the  cheeks;  there  is  an  inter- 
val of  .  1  inch  between  the  bottom  of  the  front  transom  and  the 
top  of  the  axle  tree. 

Two  guides.  They  are  fastened  to  the  front  transom  and  the 
axle  tree,  each  by  two  bolts.  They  are  cut  to  fit  the  flare  of  the 
cheeks  and  the  understraps,  as  represented  in  the  drawings;  the 
inside  of  the  guides  being  parallel  to  the  axis  of  the  carriage. 

Irons. — Plate  V. 

The  forms  and  dimensions  of  the  iron  parts  of  these  carriages 
are  fully  exhibited  in  the  plate. 

Six  cheek  bolts,  No.  6,  B.  Their  heads  are  let  into  the  upper 
sides  of  the  cheeks.     Six  washers  and  six  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  cheek  bolts,  No.  5,  A.     Four  washers  and  two  nuts  for  th 
same. 

Two  trunnion  plates.  They  are  made  on  formers  which  give 
them  the  proper  set,  to  correspond  with  the  flare  of  the  cheeks. 

Four  bolts,  for  trunnion  plates  and  understraps.  Four  nuts 
for  the  same. 


GUN    CARRIAGE.  6 

One  bed  plate y  for  elevating  screw,  (cast  iron.)  The  pattern 
is  the  same  for  all  the  carriages;  the  bolt  holes  are  13  inches 
apart  for  the  24-pounder,  and  14  inches  for  other  calibres;  a  fea- 
ther of  wrought  iron  is  dovetailed  in  one  side  of  the  hole  for  the 
screw,  to  prevent  the  screw  from  turning  when  it  is  worked  up 
or  down.  The  holes  for  the  shaft  and  the  seat  for  the  box  of  the 
elevating  screw  are  reamed  out. 

One  nut,  for  elevating  screw,  (brass.)  The  upper  part  of  the 
nut  forms  a  beveled  wheel  of  41  teeth,  by  means  of  which  the 
screw  is  worked.  To  facilitate  dressing  out  these  teeth  a  groove, 
about  .2  inch  wide,  is  cut  round  the  inner  ends  of  the  teeth,  as 
represented  in  the  drawing. 

One  elevating  screw.  A  slot  cut  in  the  threads  of  the  screw, 
to  fit  the  feather  in  the  bed  plate,  prevents  the  screw  from  turn- 
ing with  its  nut;  a  stop  is  inserted  in  the  lowest  groove  of  the 
thread,  in  such  a  position  as  to  prevent  the  screw  from  being 
turned  out  clear  of  the  feather  in  the  bed  plate. 

One  pinion,  (brass.)  It  has  15  teeth,  fitting  those  of  the  bev- 
eled wheel  on  the  nut.  The  pinion  is  connected  with  the  shaft 
by  means  of  a  slot  and  feather. 

One  shaft,  for  the  elevating  screw.  To  prevent  the  shaft  from 
working  out  of  its  place,  a  set  screw,  with  a  square  head,  is  in- 
serted in  the  projecting  ear  on  the  bed  plate,  and  the  point  of  the 
screw  enters  into  a  groove  turned  in  the  shaft. 

07ie  cheek  washer,  for  the  shaft,  (not  represented  in  the  plate.) 
It  is  3.5  in.  diameter  and  .19  in.  thick,  with  a  hole  1.5  in.  diameter. 
It  is  fastened  on  the  outside  of  the  right  cheek,  over  the  hole  for 
the  shaft,  by  three  screvjs. 

One  handle,  for  the  elevating  screw,  (cast  iron.)  It  fits  on  a 
square,  at  the  outer  end  of  the  shaft.  One  washer  and  one  nut  for 
the  shaft,  to  keep  the  handle  in  place.  The  arms  of  the  handle 
should  be  cast  smooth,  so  as  not  to  require  turning  in  the  lathe. 


4  PART   7. CASEMATE  CARRIAGES. 

Two  bolts,  for  elevating  bed  plate.  They  pass  through  the 
rear  transom  and  the  slide,  the  heads  of  the  bolts  being  under- 
neath the  slide.     Two  washers  and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  rear  transom  and  slide.  The  heads  are  let 
into  the  upper  side  of  the  transom.  Two  washers  and  two  nuts 
for  the  same. 

One  roller,  (cast  iron.)  The  outer  surface  is  turned,  the 
ends  are  faced,  and  the  interior  is  reamed  out  at  each  end  to  re- 
ceive the  shaft;  a  small  oil  hole  is  bored  near  each  end  of  the 
roller.  The  length  of  the  roller  is  equal  to  the  width  of  the 
tongue  of  the  chassis. 

One  roller  shaft.  It  is  accurately  turned,  to  form  journals  for 
the  roller;  the  ends  are  squared,  forming  shoulders  for  the  ec- 
centrics. 

Two  eccentrics,  for  the  roller  shaft.  They  are  forged,  each  in 
one  piece,  and  turned  to  the  proper  form.  Each  of  them  has  a 
square  hole  for  the  shaft,  and  a  round  one  for  the  handspike 
which  works  the  eccentric. 

Two  roller  bolts.  Each  bolt  has  an  eye  in  which  the  journal 
of  the  eccentric  turns.  The  bolts  pass  horizontally  through  the 
slide  under  the  rear  transom,  in  which  they  are  placed  so  that 
the  eyes  shall  just  clear  the  rear  of  the  slide,  the  axis  of  the  bolts 
being  2.5  inches  above  the  notch  in  the  slide,  which  bears  on 
the  tongue  of  the  chassis. 

By  means  of  a  small  handspike  acting  on  the  eccentrics,  the 
trail  of  the  carriage  is  lifted  until  the  slide  clears  the  tongue  of 
the  chassis  .5  inch,  and  the  roller  is  thus  brought  into  action.  A 
cylindrical  groove  is  cut  in  the  rear  of  the  slide  for  the  roller  to 
lie  in  when  in  this  position. 

Two  washers  and  two  nuts,  for  the  roller  bolts. 

Two  trail  handles. 

Four  assembling  bolts;  two  through  the  front,  and  two  through 
the  rear  transom.     Four  washers  and  four  nuts  for  the  same;  the 


GUN  CARRIAGE.  0 

trail  handles  serving  as  washers  for  the  bolts  that  pass  through 
the  rear  transom. 

Eight  axle  skeans.  Their  outer  surfaces  are  finished  with  the 
same  curvature  as  that  of  the  axle  arms,  and  they  are  let  in  flush 
with  the  arms  of  the  axle  tree.  The  inner  ends  of  the  lower 
skeans  and  of  the  sid«  skeans  are  confined  by  the  axle  straps;  the 
upper  skeans,  by  the  shoulder  plates.  The  outer  ends  are  held 
by  the  axle  bands,  and  the  skeans  are  also  fastened  to  the  axle 
arms,  each  by  two  nails. 

Two  shoulder  plates.  They  are  let  in  flush  with  the  shoulders 
of  the  axle  tree,  and  fastened  to  them,  each  hy  jive  nails. 

Two  axle  bands.  They  are  let  in  flush  with  the  surface  of  the 
axle  arms,  and  are  fastened  to  the  arms,  each  by  four  nails. 
The  ends  of  the  skeans  are  turned  up  and  lodged  in  notches  in 
the  outer  edges  of  the  bands. 

The  nails  used  for  fastening  the  skeans,  the  shoulder  plates 
and  the  bands,  have  round  stems;  they  are,  in  other  respects, 
like  the  nail  No.  1,  C. 

Two  understraps.  They  are  fastened  by  the  trunnion  plate 
bolts. 

Four  bolts,  for  the  guides.  Two  of  these  bolts  pass  through 
the  front  transom  and  two  through  the  axle  tree.  The  heads  are 
on  the  inside  of  the  guides.  Eight  washers  and  eight  nuts  for 
these  bolts. 

Two  truck  wheels  J  (cast  iron.)  They  are  reamed  out  and 
faced  in  the  lathe. 

Two  linch  pins. 


6  PART    7. — CASEMATE  CARRIAGES. 

CHASSIS.  — PLATES  VI   to  X. 
Wood  iDork. 

The  drawings  show  the  form  and  dimensions  of  all  the  parts, 
the  manner  of  framing  them  together,  and  the  roundings  of  the 
edges. 

Two  rails.  The  rail  is  made  in  one  piece,  and  the  rabbet,  for 
the  wheel  to  run  in,  is  cut  out  of  the  solid  wood. 

Two  counter  hurters.  They  are  connected  with  the  rails,  each 
by  two  dowels. 

One  front  transom. 

One  rear  transom. 

One  tongue. 

One  prop.  It  is  connected  with  the  tongue  by  two  tenons, 
and  fastened  by  two  wooden  pins. 

Irons. — Plate  X. 

Two  bolts,  for  rear  transom  and  rails.  The  heads  are  let  into 
the  upper  side  of  the  transom.  Two  washers  and  two  nuts  for 
these  bolts.  As  the  centre  of  the  bolt  hole  is  only  about  1.25  in. 
from  the  box  of  the  traversing  wheel,  it  is  necessary  to  cut  off  a 
segment  of  the  washer,  and  also  the  corners  of  the  nut,  to  let  it 
turn,  as  is  shown  in  the  plans  of  the  under  side  of  the  chassis. 

Two  bolts,  for  front  transom  and  rails.  Two  washers  and  two 
nuts  for  these  bolts.  The  heads  of  these  bolts  are  on  the  under 
side  of  the  transom.  For  a  similar  reason  to  that  just  given  with 
regard  to  the  rear  transom  and  rail  bolts,  a  segment  of  the 
washer  is  cut  off,  except  in  those  for  the  8 -inch  columbiad  chas- 
sis,  as  shown  in  the  plans  of  the  underside  of  the  front  transom. 

Two  bolts,  for  counter  hurters  and  rails.  The  head  of  the  bolt 
is  let  into  the  bottom  of  the  mortise  for  the  rear  traversing  wheel, 


CHASSIS.  / 

SO  as  to  clear  the  rim  of  the  wheel  about  .  15  inch.  Two  washers 
and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  rivet  bolts,  for  the  tongue-  The  heads  are  let  into  the 
upper  side  of  the  tongue.  One  double  washer  and  two  nuts  for 
these  bolts. 

One  bolt,  for  the  front  transom  and  tongue.  The  head  is  let 
into  the  upper  side  of  the  tongue.  One  washer  and  one  nut  for 
the  same. 

One  bolt,  for  the  tongue  fork  and  front  transom.  The  head  is 
on  the  under  side  of  the  transom.  One  washer  and  one  nut  for 
the  same. 

One  tongue  fork.  It  is  let  in,  its  whole  thickness,  into  the 
under  side  of  the  notch  at  the  front  end  of  the  tongue,  and  is  fas- 
tened by  the  two  preceding  bolts. 

One  front  transom  strap.  It  is  let  into  the  upper  side  of  the 
tongue,  its  whole  thickness,  and  is  fastened  by  three  of  the  bolts 
which  pass  through  the  front  transom. 

One  bolt,  for  the  rear  transom  and  tongue. 

One  bolt,  for  the  tongue  and  brace. 

The  heads  of  both  these  bolts  are  let  into  the  upper  side  of  the 
tongue. 

One  rear  transom  and  tongue  brace.  It  is  fastened  by  the  two 
preceding  bolts.     Two  nuts  for  those  bolts. 

Eight  Journal  boxes,  for  traverse  wheels,  (brass.)  The  box 
is  let  in,  so  that  the  axis  of  the  wheel  shall  be  in  the  plane  of  the 
underside  of  the  transom. 

Four  traverse  wheels,  (cast  iron.)  The  journals  of  these 
wheels  are  of  wrought  iron.  A  groove  is  made  in  the  middle  of 
the  journal,  to  hold  it  in  place,  the  wheel  being  cast  on  it.  The 
journal  is  turned,  and  the  wheel  is  also  turned  concentric  with  it, 
and  faced  in  the  lathe.  Semi-circular  mortises  are  cut  in  the 
front  and  rear  transoms,  for  the  traverse  wheels  to  turn  in. 


8 


PART    7. CASEMATE    CARRIAGES. 


Eitrhf  caps,  for  the  journal  boxes.  They  are  fastened  each  by 
two  screws^  w^hich  also  hold  the  boxes  in  place. 

Two  rail  plates.  They  are  fastened  to  the  rails,  each  by  o?ie 
holt,  four  screws,  and  twenty-seven  nails.  Two  washers  and  two 
nuts  for  rail  plate  bolts. 

One  tongue.  It  is  better  forged  in  two  parts,  which  are 
welded  together  to  make  the  exact  length. 

Two  tongue  bolts.  They  connect  the  iron  tongue  and  the  fork. 
The  bolt  has  a  feather  under  the  head  to  prevent  it  from  turning 
when  screwed  up,  and  there  is  a  corresponding  slot  in  the  bolt 
hole  of  the  fork.      Two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

One  pintle,  (cast  iron.)  The  pintle  should  be  cast  suffi- 
ciently accurate  and  smooth  not  to  require  dressing  over  in  the 
lathe.  A  wrought  iron  eye  is  cast  in  the  head  of  the  pintle,  to 
facilitate  drawing  it  out  of  the  pintle  hole  of  the  embrasure. 


J^ails  and  screws  for  a  casemate 

carriage. 

Designation. 

B 

Kind. 

to 

Remarks. 

Gun  carriage. 

r  For  axle  skeans 

n.- .,      1    "    shoulder  plates 

^a»«-   <    «    axle  bands 

16 

10 

8 

12 

No.  1,  C. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.3,C. 

In. 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
4.5 

)  These  nails  have 
I    round  stems. 

[  "    slides 

Screws,  for  cheek  washer 

3 

No.  14. 

1.25 

Chassis. 
^aiht    for  rail  nlates 

54 

No.  2,  C. 

2.5 

^            (  For  rail  nlates 

8 
16 

No.  20. 
No.  24. 

2.5 
3.5 

nemos.  J   „    traverse  wheel  boxes 

BOLTS. 

Bolts  for  casemate  carriages. 


U  1 

|:    Kind. 

1 

LENGTH. 

WASHERS. 

DESIGNATION. 

24-p'r. 

32-p'r. 

42-p'r. 

8-in. 
col'd. 

3 
^ 

Bolts  for  Gun  carruige. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

2 

No.  5,  B. 

21.7 

22.88 

23.59 

23.59 

- 

2 

For  the  cheeks • 

2 
2 

Do. 
Do. 

18.2 
15.2 

18.98 
15.78 

19.49 
16.09 

19.49 
16.09 

- 

2 
2 

2 

No.5,A. 

26.88 

28.08 

28.78 

28.78 

2 

2 

"  trunnion  plates 

4 

Do. 

27.5 

28.7 

29.4 

29.4 

- 

- 

«  assem-|^^°"^*''^^°™ 

2 

Do. 

29.2 

33.48 

35.7 

38.48 

2 

2 

^^^"g-lrear       «      | 

1 

Do. 

32.1 

37.15 

39.38 

38.8 

- 

- 

1 

Do. 

32.75 

37.85 

40.1 

38.8 

- 

_ 

"  guides  &  front  transom 

2 

Do. 

11.38 

11.88 

12.38 

12.38 

2 

2 

"  guides  and  axle  tree. . . 

2 

Do. 

12.38 

12.38 

12.38 

12.38 

2 

2 

"  elevating  bedplate.... 

2  No.  4,  A. 

13.44 

13.44 

13.44 

13.44 

2 

- 

"  rear  transom  and  slide. 

2'no.  4,  B. 

12.58 

12.58 

12.58 

12.58 

- 

2 

♦'  roller 

2N0.4.* 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2 

Bolts  fvr  Chassis. 

For  front  transom  and  rails. 

2 

No.  5,  A. 

14.4 

14.4 

14.4 

14.4 

2 

_ 

"  fronttransom&  tongue 

1 

Do. 

14.75 

14.75 

14.75 

14.75 

1 

- 

"  rear  transom  and  rails. 

2;No.5,B. 

16.15 

16.15 

16.15 

16.15 

_ 

2 

"  counter  hurter  and  rails 

2 

Do. 

12.3 

12.3 

12.54 

12.79 

- 

2 

"  tongue,  (rivet  bolts).. 

2 

Do. 

12.19 

13.69 

14.19 

14.19 

- 

If 

*'   tongue  fork 

1 

Do. 

14.8 

14.8 

14.8 

14.8 

1 

"  tongue  and  brace 

1 

Do. 

12.5 

14. 

14.5 

14.5 

_ 

"  tongue  &  rear  transom. 

1 

Do. 

20.6 

20.6 

20.6 

20.6 

- 

- 

"  rail  plates 

2 

No.  2,  C. 
No.  5.t 

7.25 

8.75 

8.85 

8.85 

2 

"  iron  tongue  and  fork. . 

2 

3. 

3. 

3. 

3. 

- 

*  Plate  V. 

Part  7.-2 


t  Double  washer— Plate  X. 


I  Plate  X. 


10  PART   7. CASEMATE  CARRIAGES. 

24-POUNDER  HOWITZER  CARRIAGE. 

This  carriage  is  designed  for  mounting  the  iron  24-pounder 
howitzer  in  the  flanks  of  casemate  batteries,  for  the  defence  of 
the  ditch.  It  consists  of  a  gun  carriage  and  a  chassis.  The  front 
part  of  the  chassis  lies  on  the  sole  of  the  embrasure,  the  interior 
opening  of  which  is  sufficiently  large  to  admit  the  head  of  the 
carriage  within  the  embrasure. 

The  wood  work  of  the  carriage  and  chassis  is  of  white  oak. 

GUN    CARRIAGE. 

Wood  work. 

Two  cheeks.  The  bottom  of  the  trail  has  the  same  slope  as  the 
upper  surface  of  the  chassis  on  which  it  rests,  and  the  bottom  of 
the  front  part  of  the  cheek  is  traced  with  reference  to  the  same 
plane;  the  head  of  the  cheek  is  perpendicular  to  the  bottom;  the 
end  of  the  trail  is  vertical,  and  its  upper  side  horizontal. 

The  corners  of  the  upper  side  and  the  ends  are  rounded  with 
a  radius  of  .2  inch,  where  the  irons  permit  it. 

Irons. 

Two  trail  handles.     Four  washers  and  four  nuts  for  the  same. 

Two  manceuvring  rings.  They  are  welded  into  the  eyes  of  two 
eye  bolts  which  pass  through  the  cheeks.  Two  nuts  for  these 
bolts.  The  nuts  are  let  into  the  inside  of  the  cheeks;  they  are 
made  circular,  and  are  turned  in  with  a  forked  screw  driver. 

Two  trail  plates.  They  are  let  into  the  rear  ends  of  the 
cheeks,  and  are  fastened  each  by  four  nails. 

Two  cheek  bolts,  for  the  trail.  The  heads  are  let  into  the  bot- 
tom of  the  cheeks.     Two  washers  and  two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  trunnion  plates.     All  the  bolt  holes  in  them  are  square. 


24-POUNDER  HOWITZER  CARRIAGE.  11 

Two  bolts  for  the  trunnion  plates  and  cheeks.  Two  washers  - 
and  two  nuts  for  the  same. 

Four  key  bolts.  They  pass  through  the  trunnion  plates  and  the 
understraps.     Four  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  front  transom,  (cast  iron.)  It  has  a  tenon  at  each  end, 
which  is  let  into  a  notch  in  the  bottom  of  the  cheek,  and  one  at 
the  bottom,  which  serves  for  a  guide  to  the  carriage  on  the  chassis. 

One  rear  transom,  (cast  iron.)  It  has  a  tenon  at  each  end, 
which  is  let  into  the  cheek.  The  elevating  screw  passes  through 
the  middle  of  the  transom,  which  is  bored  and  countersunk  to  re- 
ceive the  box,  the  pinion  ana  the  shaft  of  the  elevating  apparatus; 
the  upper  surface  of  the  box  is  let  in  flush  with  that  of  the  transom. 
A  feather  is  set  into  the  lower  part  of  the  hole  in  the  transom,  to 
fit  a  slot  in  the  screw  which  prevents  it  from  turning  with  the  box. 

Recesses  are  left  in  the  rear  of  the  transom  for  the  eccentrics 
and  the  flanch  of  the  roller  to  lie  in,  when  the  roller  is  brought  into 
action. 

Three  assembling  bolts.  Two  of  them  pass  through  the  rear 
transom,  and  one  through  the  front.  Six  washers  and  three  nuts 
for  these  bolts. 

Two  understraps.  They  are  fastened  to  the  bottom  of  the 
cheeks  by  the  key  bolts;  they  have  square  holes  for  the  stems 
of  the  roller  forks  to  pass  through. 

Two  roller  fwks.  The  bolt  hole  in  one  branch  of  the  fork  has 
a  slot  for  the  feather  under  the  head  of  the  roller  bolt.  The  stem 
is  inserted  in  a  square  mortise  in  the  bottom  of  the  cheek  of  the 
carriage;  it  is  kept  in  place  by  a  key  which  passes  through  the 
cheek,  close  to  the  understrap. 

Two  rollers,  (brass.)  They  have  shoulders  in  the  centre,  to 
fit  the  opening  of  the  forks. 

Two  fork  bolts.  The  bolt  has  a  feather  under  the  head,  like 
the  fork  bolt  of  the  barbette  carriage,  to  prevent  it  from  turning. 
Two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 


12  PART   7. CASEMATE  CARRIAGES. 

Two  keys,  for  fastening  the  forks  in  the  cheeks. 

Two  cap  squares.  They  have  mortises  for  the  heads  of  the  key 
bolts. 

Four  eye  pins,  No.  1,  for  the  key  chains.  They  are  riveted 
into  the  cap  squares,  near  the  outer  edges. 

Four  cap  square  keys. 

Four  key  chains,  each  consisting  of  six  links,  No.  1,  and  two 
rings,  No.  1,  A. 

One  roller,  for  the  trail,  (cast  iron.  )  It  is  turned  and  faced 
in  the  lathe.  The  flanches  in  the  middle  serve  to  guide  the  trail 
of  the  carriage  on  the  chassis. 

One  journal,        i  for  the   roller.      These  parts   are   put  to- 

Two  eccentrics,  )  gether  like  the  similar  parts  of  other  case- 
mate carriages.  A  segment  is  cut  off  from  the  eccentric,  to  give 
room  for  turning  it  in  against  the  rear  transom. 

Two  journal  plates,  (brass.)  They  are  let  into  the  inside  of 
the  cheeks,  and  fastened,  each  by  two  screws. 

One  roller  handspike.  It  is  made  with  two  branches,  to  act  on 
both  eccentrics  at  the  same  time. 

One  elevating  screw.  A  slot  .3  in.  wide  is  cut  in  the  screw,  to 
receive  the  feather  in  the  transom  which  prevents  the  screw  from 
turning. 

One  box,       "j  for  the  elevating  screw,  (brass.)     They  are  fit- 

One  pinion,  y  ted  up  like  the  similar  parts  of  the  elevating  ap- 
paratus of  other  casemate  carriages.  The  wheel  on  the  box  has 
35  teeth,  and  the  pinion  13  teeth. 

One  shaft.  It  is  fitted  to  the  pinion,  as  in  the  other  elevating 
apparatus,  and  is  retained  in  its  place,  in  a  similar  manner,  by  a 
set  screw  in  the  transom,  the  point  of  which  enters  the  groove  cut 
in  the  shaft. 

One  handle.  It  is  made  like  the  handle  of  the  elevating  screw 
of  the  field  gun  carriage;  it  is  fitted  on  the  shaft  with  a  tenon  .6 
in.  square,  and  is  held  on  by  a  screw  in  the  end  of  the  shaft. 


24-POUNDER  HOWITZER  CARRIAGE.  13 

One  cheek  washer.  It  is  .  12  in.  thick,  and  is  fastened  on  the 
outside  of  the  right  cheek,  over  the  hole  bored  for  the  shaft,  by 
three  screws. 

When  this  carriage  is  mounted  on  its  chassis,  in  battery,  the 
trail  and  the  front  transom  bear  on  the  chassis,  the  front  wheels 
just  clearing  the  rails;  so  that  the  recoil  of  the  carriage  is  checked 
by  its  friction  on  the  chassis.  When  the  trail  is  raised,  by  the 
action  of  the  eccentrics,  the  carriage  rests  on  the  roller  and  on 
the  front  wheels,  and  is  thus  easily  worked  by  hand  to  or  from 
battery. 

CHASSIS. 
Wood  work. 

Two  rails.  The  inclination  of  the  chassis  is  indicated  by  its 
height,  at  the  pintle  and  at  the  traverse  wheels,  above  the  ground 
line;  it  is  3°  20'.  The  under  part  of  the  front  end,  which  rests 
on  the  sole  of  the  embrasure,  is  horizontal.  The  comers  are 
rounded  with  a  radius  of  .2  inch. 

One  front  transom.  It  is  fastened  by  four  dowels  .75  in. 
square  and  1.5  in.  long,  and  by  the  front  assembling  bolt. 

Two  middle  transoms.  They  are  framed,  with  tenons  and  mor- 
tises, into  the  rails,  and  fastened  with  four  wooden  pins,  .75  in. 
diameter  and  6  in.  long,  driven  in  from  the  under  side. 
^  One  rear  transom.  It  is  fastened  hy  four  dowels,  .5  inch  diam- 
eter and  1.5  inch  long,  and  by  the  rear  assembling  bolt.  The 
transom  is  hollowed  out  in  front,  between  the  rails,  for  the  flanches 
of  the  trail  roller  to  lie  in  when  the  carriage  recoils  to  the  coun- 
ter hurters. 


14  PART  7. CASEMATE  CARRIAGES. 


Irons. 


Three  assembling  bolts.  Six  washers  and  three  nuts  for  the 
same. 

One  collar,  for  the  middle  assembling  bolt. 

One  pintle  plate.  It  is  .5  in.  thick,  and  is  let  into  the  upper 
side  of  the  chassis. 

One  lower  pintle  strap.  It  is  .5  in.  thick,  and  is  let  into  the 
lower  side  of  the  chassis. 

Five  bolts,  for  pintle  plate  and  strap.  Their  heads  are  counter- 
sunk in  the  lower  strap.  Five  nuts  for  these  bolts.  The  nuts  for 
the  two  rear  bolts,  which  are  in  the  track  of  the  rollers  for  the  car- 
riage, are  countersunk  in  the  pintle  plate;  they  are  circular,  and 
are  turned  in  with  a  forked  screw  driver. 

One  hurter  plate.  It  is  let  into  the  rear  end  of  the  front  tran- 
som, and  is  fastened  by  four  screws. 

Two  counter  hurter  plates.  They  are  .25  in.  thick;  they  are 
let  in  flush  with  the  upper  surface  of  the  rails,  and  are  fastened 
each  h  J  four  screws ~ 

Two  counter  hurters.  They  pass  through  square  holes  in  the 
plates,  and  through  the  rails.  Two  washers  and  two  nuts  for  the 
same. 

One  prop.  The  upper  part  is  divided  into  two  branches,  which 
are  bolted  to  the  rails;  the  lower  end  forms  a  socket  for  the  stem 
of  the  traverse  wheel  fork. 

Two  prop  bolts.  Their  heads  are  let  in  flush  with  the  upper 
side  of  the  rails.     Two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

One  brace,  for  the  prop. 

One  brace  bolt.  Its  head  is  let  into  the  upper  side  of  the  rear 
middle  transom.     One  nut  for  the  same. 

One  fork,  for  the  traverse  wheels.  The  stem  is  connected 
with  the  prop  by  two  bolts,  one  of  which  also  holds  the  lower  end 


24-POUNDER  HOWITZER  CARRIAGE.  15 

of  the  brace.  The  branches  which  hold  the  traverse  wheels  are 
bent  towards  the  axis  of  the  pintle,  so  that  the  wheels  may  stand 
perpendicular  to  the  radius  of  the  traverse  circle. 

The  radius  of  the  circle  described  by  the  centre  of  the  traverse 
wheels  is  ten  feet. 

Two  bolts,  for  the  fork  and  prop.     Two  nuts  for  the  same. 

The  prop  and  the  fork  may  be  forged  in  one  piece;  in  which 
case  one  of  these  bolts  can  be  dispensed  with. 

Two  traverse  wheels,  (cast  iron.)  They  are  necessarily  made 
slightly  conical;  the  diameter  of  the  inner  face  is  5.95  inches; 
that  of  the  outer,  6.05  inches. 

Two  fork  holts.  They  are  made  like  those  of  the  gun  carriage 
rollers.     Two  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  pintle.  It  is  made  of  wrought  iron.  On  the  under  side  of 
the  head  are  two  slots,  to  facilitate  drawing  the  pintle  out  of  its 
hole,  in  the  masonry  of  the  embrasure. 


1^  PART  7. CASEMATE  CARRIAGES. 

Bolts,  nails  and  screws,  for  ^i-pounder  howitzer  carriage. 


»4 

1 

Kind. 

! 

WASHERS. 

DESIGNATION. 

t3 

tri 

1 

REMARKS. 

Gun  carriage. 

Bolts. 

For  trunnion  plates  and  cheeks 
"  assembling  the  cheeks. . . 
"  roller  forks 

2 
3 
2 
2 
2 
2 

1 

No.  5,  A. 
Do. 

No.  4,  A. 
No.  2,  B. 
No.  5. 

Do. 
No.  4. 

Do. 

Inche^ 

15.75 

20.82 

4.25 

9.65 

16.1 

15.64 

4.19 

3.25 

3 

2 
3 

2 

4 

*'  trail  of  cheeks.  • 

«  key  bolts | 

"  trail  handles 

I  Plate  XIII. 

"  manoeuvring  rings 

J  Nuts  round. 

For  trail  olates  ••••••••••••• 

8 

No.2,C. 

2. 

Screws. 

15'nr  innrnal  niatfia.  -.. ••• 

4 
3 

No.  12. 
Do. 

1.5 
1.25 

Chassis. 

BoUs, 

For  assembling  the  rails 

"  prop  and  fork } 

"   fork  and  traverse  \if heels . 

"  pintle  plate  and  strap. .  < 

"  prop •••....... 

3 
1 

1 
2 
1 
2 
2 
2 
1 
2 

No.  5,  A. 
No.  4,  A. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  4,  C. 

Do. 

Do. 
No.  4,  B. 

Do. 
No.  5. 

23.38 
2.65 
3.15 
4.15 
5.9 
6.25 
5.9 
8.5 
5.75 
8.19 

3 

3 

_ 
2 

Nuts  round. 

**    Drace. ..••......••*.... 

Plate  XIII. 

Screws. 

4 

8 

No.  14. 
No.  16. 

1.5 

2. 

"  counter  hurter  plates. . . . 

BILLS    OF  TIMBER. 


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Part  7 


18 


PART    7. — CASEMATE    CARRIAGES. 


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PART  7. CASEMATE  CARRIAGES. 


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BILLS    OF    IRON. 

Bills  of  iron  for  casemate  carriages. 


%\ 


KAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Gun  carriages. 


f24-pounder 
32-pounder 
^^i«i..*3.   I  42-pounder 

{  8-inch 

0  1  C  24-pounder 

Sunder-     >  ga.^^under 

straps.     ^42.J5r.  and  8-inch. 

1  bed  plate  for  elevating  screw. 
1  handle  for  elevating  screw. . . 

1  nut  for  elevating  screw 

1  pinion 

1  elevating  screw 

C  24-pounder.. 

1  shaft.  <  32-pounder 

(  42-pounder  &  8-inch. 

1  set  screw 

1  cheek  washer 

4  bolts  No.  4. 


(  Heads. 
\  Bodies. 


1  roller. . 

1  roller  (  24-pounder 
shaft,  i  32-pr.  42-pr.  &  8-inch 

2  eccentrics 

2roiierboi,s.|«'^»ds-;;;;; 

2  trail  handles 

20  bolts  No.  5,  heads 

f  24-pounder 

Ditto,  bodies.  n^-P°""^^'-"- 
'  \  42-pounder, 

[  8-inch.... 

4  axle  skeans 

4  axle  skeans 

2  shoulder  plates 

2  axle  bands 

2  linch  pins 

2  truck  wheels 

2  truck  handspikes 

1  roller  handspike 

7  washers  No.  4 

22  washers  No.  5 

7  nuts  No.  4k 

20  nuts  No.  5 

34  nails 


Wide. 


Thick. 


In. 

4.75 

5.5 

6. 

6. 

4.75 

5.5 

6. 


2.375 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

0.5 

3.5 

1.5 

0.75 

1.5 

1.5 

3.25 

2. 

0.75 

2. 

2! 

1. 

1. 

1. 

1. 

1.25 

0.75 

3. 

1.25 

1.5 

1.5 

1. 

2.5 

3.25 

1.5 

2. 

0.375 


In. 

0.5 
0.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 


Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
0.188 
Round 
Round 

Round 

Round 

Round 

1.25 

Round 

0.75 

Round 

Round 

Round 

Round 

Round 

0.375 

.375 

.2 

.2 

.75 

Round 
Round 
0.188 
0.188 
0.75 
1. 
Round 


Long. 


In. 

49. 
50. 
51. 
54. 
55. 
55. 
55. 


13.5 
20. 
22. 
23. 
2. 

3!5 

8. 
44. 

13.25 

14.25 
5. 
8. 

30. 

28. 

60. 
364.75 
396.6 
413. 
416.5 

34. 

42. 

12. 

37. 

12. 

84. 

34. 

18. 

70. 

10.5 

40. 

51. 


Cast  iron. 
Cast  iron. 
Cast  brass. 
Cast  brass. 


For  bed  plate  and  slide. 
Cast  iron. 


Cheek  bolts,  assem- 
bling bolts,  and  guide 
bolts. 


Cast  iron. 


23  CASEMATE    CARRIAGES. 

Bills  of  iron  for  casemate  carriages — Continued. 


KAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Chassis. 


12  heads  of  bolts  No.  5 

2  bodies  of  bolts  No.  5 

2    Ditto 

C  24-pr.  and  32-pr. . . 
2    Ditto.  <  42-pounder 

(    8-inch 

C24-pounder 

2    Ditto.  <  32-pounder 

(  42-pounder  &  8-in . 

2    Ditto 

1    Ditto 

C  24-pounder 

1    Ditto.  <  32-pounder 

(  42-pounder  &  8-in . 
1  tongue  fork draft. 

1  tongue draft . 

2  tongue  bolts 

r  24-pounder. . 
1  front  transom  f  32-pounder. . 

strap 1  42-pounder. . 

{   8-inch 

1  rear  trans.  &  (  24-pr.  &  32-pr. 
tongue  brace.  (  42-pr.  &  8-in. 

4  traverse  wheels 

4  journals  for  traverse  wheels. 

8  journal  boxes 

8  caps  for  journal  boxes 

2  rail  plates 

P^^^^« ^  42-pr.  &  8-in. 

54  nails  for  rail  plates 

1  pintle 

1  eye  for  pintle 

2  washers  No.  2 

8  washers  No.  5 

1  double  washer 

2  nuts  No.  2 

14  nuts  No.  5 


Wide. 


In. 


2. 
3. 
3. 
3. 
3. 
3. 
3. 

2. 

2. 
5. 
0.5 

.5 

.5 

.3 

0.75 

1.625 

3.25 

3.25 

1. 

2. 


Thick, 


In. 

Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 


Round 
0.5 
0.5 
0.5 
0.5 

.5 

.5 

Round 


Lons:. 


In. 

36. 
24.3 
20.8 
16.6 
17.08 
17.58 
16.38 
19.38 
20.38 
21.6 
16.6 
8.5 
10. 
10.5 


5.5 
36.25 
40.5 
42.5 
45.5 
52. 
51.5 

26.5 


0.25     65. 

0.375272. 

Round    16.5 


Round 

Round 

0.3 


19.5 
19.7 
150. 


Round   13.5 
0.125,     2.25 
0.188  25.5 


0.188 

0.5 

1. 


9.25 
2. 


Rear  transom  and  rails. 
Front  transom  and  rails. 


Counter 
rails. 


hurters    and 


>  Tongue  rivet  bolts. 

Front  transom  &  tongue. 
Rear  transom  &  tongue. 

V  Tongue  and  brace. 


Cast  iron. 

Cast  into  the  wheels. 

Cast  brass. 

In  two  pieces. 


Cast  iron. 

Ceist  into  the  pintle. 


BILLS    OP    IRON.  23 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  2i'pounder  howitzer  casemate  carriage. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Thick. 

Long. 

In. 

In. 

Round 

44. 

Round 

16. 

Round 

22. 

0.75 

7. 

.25 

6.5 

.3 

20. 

Round 

4. 

Round 

12. 

1. 

36. 

Round 

6. 

Round 

35.5 

1. 

16. 

Round 

53.5 

Round 

9. 

Round 

50. 

0.5 

32.6 

1.75 

12. 

Round 

6. 

Round 

9. 

1. 

28. 

0.375 

3. 

Round 

45. 

Round 

28. 

Round 

6. 

Round 

12.75 

Round 

5. 

Round 

48. 

Round 

9.5 

Round 

10.5 

1. 

6. 

0.125 

3.25 

0.188 

12.25 

0.188 

25.5 

0.5 

2. 

0.75 

12. 

1. 

18. 

REMARKS. 


Gun  CARRIAGE. 

2  trail  handles < 

2  manoeuvring  rings 

2  eye  bolts 

2  trail  plates 

8  nails  for  trail  plates 

2  trail  cheek  bolts.  jy^J^^"- 
(  Bodies. . 

2  trunnion  plates 

2  trunnion  plate  bolts,  j  g^^^^^ 

^-^'/''''''-IS:;::::". 

1  front  transom 

1  rear  transom 

3  assembling  bolts.  \  ^^^.^^  *  * 

*=  ^Bodies.. 

2  understraps 

2  roller  forks 

2  rollers 

2  fork  bolts 

2  fork  keys 

2  cap  squares 

4  cap  square  keys 

4  key  chains  No.  1 

8  rings  No.  1,  A 

4  eye  pins  No.   1 

1  roller  for  trail 

1  roller  journal 

2  eccentrics 

2  journal  plates 

1  roller  handspike 

1  elevating  screw 

1  nut  for  elevating  screw 

1  pinion  for  elevating  screw.. . 
1  shaft  for  elevating  screw. . . . 

1  handle  for  elevating  screw. . 

2  washers  No.  2 

4  washers  No.  4,  and  1  cheek  ) 

washer \ 

8  washers  No.  5 

2  nuts  No.  2 

8  nuts  No.  4 

9  nuts  No.  5 


In. 

0.75 

.5 

.625 
2. 

3.25 
0.3 
1. 
0.5 
3.25 
2. 
1. 
2. 
1. 


2. 

1. 
3.25 
1.75 

1.5 

0.5 

3.25 

1.5 

0.15 

0.2 

0.75 

1.375 
3.25 

1. 
2. 


0.875 

2. 

1.625 

2.5 

3.25 
1. 
1.5 
2. 


Cast  iron. 
Cast  iron. 


Cast  brass. 


Cast  iron. 
Cast  brass. 


Cast  brass. 
Cast  brass. 


24  PART    7. CASEMATE    CARRIAGES. 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  'i^-pr.  howitzer  casemate  carriage — Continued. 


NAMES  OP  PARTS. 


Chassis. 

3  assembling  bolts,  j  3(^gg* ' 

1  collar  for  middle  bolt 

1  upper  pintle  strap \ 

1  lower  pintle  strap 

5  bolts  for  pintle  straps 

1  hurter  plate 

2  counter  hurter  plates 

2  counter  hurters 

2  branches  of  prop 

1  stem  of  prop 

2  prop  bolts 

1  brace  for  prop 

1  brace  bolt 


1  fork  for  traverse  wheels. 

2  fork  and  prop  bolts. . ., . , 

2  traverse  wheels 

2  bolts  for  wheels 

ip»"-lH°el5::::::;::: 

2  washers  No.  4 

6  washers  No.  5 

15  nuts  No.  4 

3  nuts  No.  5 


Wide. 


Thick. 


In. 
2. 
1. 
3. 
12. 
3. 
3. 

0.75 
2.5 
3.25 
2.5 
2. 
2.5 
1.5 
2.5 
1.5 
2.5 
6. 
1.5 

1.5 

3. 

1.25 

2.5 

3.25 

1.5 

2. 


In. 
Round 
Round 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 
Round 

0.188 

0.25 

2. 

1. 

0.75 
Round 

0.5 
Round 

0.75 

0.75 
Round 

Round 
Round 
0.75 
0.188 
0.188 
0.75 
1. 


Long. 


In. 

9. 
68. 

5. 
32. 
14. 
44. 
30.5 

3. 
10. 
12. 
34. 
16. 

9. 
33. 

3. 
37. 

7. 
5. 

5.5 
25.5 
J2. 

5. 
19. 
22.5 
6. 


Cast  iron. 


Remarks  on  the  bills  of  iron. 

All  the  bar  iron  in  the  foregoing  bills  is  rolled  iron. 

The  drafts  of  the  hammered  iron  are  represented  in  Plate 
XIV,  together  with  some  of  the  principal  formers  required  for 
shaping  the  iron  work. 

Specimens  of  two  kinds  of  formers  for  trunnion  plates  and 
understraps  are  given  here,  as  in  Part  2.  Either  kind  may  be 
used,  as  may  be  thought  most  convenient.  The  double  formers 
serve  for  the  plates  of  both  cheeks,  one  former  on  each  side; 
they  are  laid  on  blocks  of  wood  hollowed  out  for  the  purpose. 

Formers  for  parts  of  other  carriages  can  be  readily  made  after 
the  examples  given  in  the  plate. 


filLLS    OF    IRON.  25 

Summary  bill  of  iron  for  one  ^i-pounder  casemate  carriage. 


SIZE  OF  IRON. 

GUN  C A  KHIAUE. 

REMARKS. 

Wide. 

Thick. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.375 

Round 

4.25 

1.56 

_ 

_ 

4.25 

1.56 

0.5 

Round 

.16 

.10 

1.37 

0.89 

1.53 

.99 

0.75 

Round 

6.16 

9.05 

1.12 

1.64 

7.28 

10.69 

13.5  in.  for  pintle. 

1. 

Round 

33.23 

86.73 

10.39 

27.11 

43.621 113. 84 

1.5 

Round 

10.44 

61.49 

_ 

_ 

10.44 

61.49 

2. 

Round 

5.00 

52.35 

5.66 

59.33 

10.66 

111.68 

26.5  in.  for  traverse 

2.375 

Round 

1.32 

16.53 

- 

_ 

1.12 

10.53 

wheels. 

3.25 

Round 

.42 

11.61 

_ 

- 

.42 

11.61 

.3 

.3 

_ 

- 

12.5 

3.78 

12.50 

3.78 

.75 

.375 

3.5 

3.29 

_ 

_ 

3.5 

3.29 

1.0 

0.5 

_ 

.16 

.26 

!       .16 

.26 

1.25 

0.2 

3.08 

2.59 

_ 

_ 

'    3.08 

2.59 

1.25 

0.375 

2.83 

4.44 

_ 

- 

!    2.83 

4.44 

1.5 

0.75 

1.87 

7.06 

_ 

- 

1.87 

7.06 

1.625 

0.125 

- 

.19 

.12 

.  19 

.12 

2. 

0.25 

_ 

_ 

5.42 

9.10 

5.42 

9.10 

2. 

0.75 

2.,33 

11.74 

- 

_ 

2.33 

11.74 

2. 

1.0 

3.33 

22.38 

2.33 

15.65 

5.66 

38.03 

2. 

].25 

.66 

5.54 

^ 

- 

.66 

5.54 

2.5 

0.188 

1.5 

2.35 

_ 

_ 

1.5 

2..35 

3.0 

0.2 

1. 

2.01 

^ 

_ 

1. 

2.01 

3.0 

0.5 

_ 

7.35 

37.04 

7.35 

37.04 

3.25 

0.188 

5.83 

11.89 

2.89 

5.90 

8.72 

17.79 

3.5 

0.188; 

.29 

.64 

_ 

_ 

.29 

.64 

4.75 

0.5     1 

8.66 

69.10 

_ 

_ 

8.66 

69.10 

5. 

0.375, 

: 

22.66 

142.75 

28. 

22.66 

142.75 

28. 

2  pieces,  11  ft.  4  in. 

1  draft. 

Tongue  fork. 

1    do. 

- 

- 

- 

83. 

- 

83. 

Tongue. 

382.45 

414.57 

- 

797.02 

Cast  iron 

54.5 

_ 

54.5 

Bed  plate. 

Handle  for  screw. 

Roller. 

2  truck  wheels. 

Do 

11.5 

11.5 
13. 

446. 

Do 

13. 

Do..... 

446. 

- 

- 

Do 

Do 

_ 

_ 

60. 
198. 

: 

60. 
198. 

2  wheels  )  journals 
2    do.     i  includ'd 

Do 

- 

- 

92.     i 

- 

92. 

Pintle;  eye  includ'd 

525.0 

- 

350. 

- 

875. 

Cast  brass* 

12. 

12. 
2. 

44. 

Nut  for  screw. 
Pinion  for  screw. 
8  journal  boxes. 

Do 

Do 

2. 

- 

44. 

- 

14. 

- 

44.     j 

- 

58. 

P 

ART  7 

—4 

26  PART    7. CASEMATE    CARRIAGES. 

Summary  bill  of  iron  for  one  S'2-pounder  casemate  carriage. 


SIZE  OF  IRON. 

1 

GUK  CARRIAGE. 

TOTAL. 

REMARKS. 

Wide.  iThick. 

1 

1 

1 

In. 

In.    1 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

1 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.375 

Round! 

4.25 

1.56 

_ 

- 

4.25 

1.56 

0.5     iRound| 

.16 

.10 

1.62 

1.05 

1.78 

1.15 

0.75   Round! 

6.16 

9.05 

1.12 

1.64 

7.28 

10.69 

13.5  in.  for  pintle. 

] .        Roundj 

35.88 

93.64 

10.77 

28.10 

46.65 

121.74 

1.5     IRoundl 

10.68 

62.90 

_ 

10.68 

62.90 

2. 

Round 

5. 

52.35 

5.66 

59.33 

10.66 

111.68 

26.5  in.  for  traverse 

2.375 

Roundj 

1.12 

16.53 

_ 

- 

1.12 

16.53 

wheels . 

3.25 

Round 

.42 

11.61 

_ 

_ 

.42 

11.61 

.3 

0.3 

_ 

_ 

12.50 

3.78 

12.50 

3.78 

.75 

0.375 

3.5 

3.29 

- 

- 

3.5 

3.29 

1. 

0.5 

_ 

_ 

.16 

.26 

.16 

.26 

1.25 

0.2 

3.08 

2.59 

_ 

- 

3.08 

2.59 

].25 

0.375 

2.83 

4.44 

_ 

_ 

2.83 

4,44 

1.5 

0.75 

1.87 

7.06 

_ 

_ 

1.87 

7.06 

1.625 

0.125 

0.19 

.12 

.19 

.12 

2. 

0.25 

_ 

_ 

5.42 

9.10 

5.42 

9.10 

2. 

0.75 

2.33 

11.74 

- 

- 

2.33 

11.74 

2. 

1. 

3.. 33 

22.38 

2.33 

15.65 

5.66 

38.03 

2. 

1.25 

.66 

5.54 

_ 

_ 

.66 

5.54 

2.5 

0.188 

1.50 

2.35 

_ 

_ 

1.50 

2.35 

3. 

0.2 

1. 

2.01 

_ 

_ 

1.0 

2.01 

3. 

0.5    1 

7.70 

38.81 

7.70 

38.81 

3.25 

0.188 

5.83 

11.89 

2.89 

5.90 

8.72 

17.79 

3.5 

0.188 

.29 

.64 

_ 

_ 

.29 

.64 

5. 

0.375; 

_ 

22.66 

142.75 

22.66 

142.75 

2  pieces,  11  ft.  4  in. 

5.5 

0.5 

8.75 

80.85 

~ 

- 
28. 

8.75 

80.85 
28. 

1  draft 

Tongue  fork . 

1     do 1 

- 

- 

- 

83. 

- 

83. 

Tongue . 

1 

402.52 

- 

417.49 

- 

820.01 

Cast  iron 

54.5 

_ 

_ 

_ 

54.5 

Bed  plate . 

Do 
Do 
Do 
Dc 

11.5 
14. 
446. 

- 

60. 

- 

11.5 
14. 
446. 
60. 

Handle  for  screw.. 

Roller . 

2  truck  wheels . 

2  wheels  )  journals 
2    do.    Vinclud'd. 
Pintle;  eye  includ'd. 

Do 
Dc 

- 

- 

198. 
92. 

_ 

198. 
92. 

526. 

- 

350. 

- 

876. 

Cast  brass 

12. 

_ 

_ 

_ 

12. 

Nut  for  screw. 

Do 
Do 

2. 

- 

44. 

- 

2. 
44. 

Pinion  for  screw. 

...... 

8 journal  boxes. 

14. 

- 

44. 

58. 

BILLS  OF  IRON.  27 

Summary  bill  of  iron  for  one  i^-pr.  or  one  8-in.  Columb^d  carriage. 


SIZE  OF  IRON. 

„„.„ 

TOTAL. 

Wide. 'Thick. 

GUN  CARRIAGE. 

CHAoaio. 

REMARKS. 

In.        In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

0.375  Round 

4.25 

1.56 

- 

- 

4.25 

1.56 

0.5 

Round: 

.16 

.10     1.64 

1.08 

1.80 

1.18 

0.75 

Round 

6.16 

9.05'     1.12 

1.64 

7.28 

10.69 

13.5  in.  for  pintle. 

1.0 

Round 

37.54 

97.98i  10.98 

28.65 

48.52 

126.63 

1.5 

Round 

10.77 

63.43       - 

10.77 

63.43 

2. 

Round 

5. 

52.35i     5.66 

59.33 

10.66 

111.68 

26.5  in. for  traverse 

2.375 

Round 

1.12 

16.531       - 

_ 

1.12 

16.53 

wheels. 

3.25 

Round 

.42 

11.61 

_ 

- 

.42 

11.61 

0.3 

0.3 

_ 

_ 

12.50 

3.78 

12.50 

3.78 

0.75 

0.375 

3.5 

3.29 

- 

- 

3.50 

3.29 

1.0 

0.5 

_ 

_ 

.16 

.26 

.16 

.26 

1.25 

0.2 

3.08 

2.59 

_ 

- 

3.08 

2.59 

1.25 

0.375 

2.83 

4.44 

— 

2.83 

4.44 

1.5 

0.75 

1.87 

7.06       - 

- 

1.87 

7.06 

1.625 

0.125 

_ 

_ 

.19 

.12 

.19 

.12 

2.0 

0.25 

_ 

_ 

5.42 

9.10 

5.42 

9.10 

2.0 

0.75 

2.33 

11.74 

_ 

-    1 

2.33 

11.74 

2.0 

1.0 

3.33 

22.38!    2.33 

15.65 

5.66 

38.03 

2. 

1.25 

.66 

5.54!      - 

- 

.66 

5.54 

2.5 

0.188 

1.50 

2.35       - 

- 

1.50 

2.35 

3.0 

0.2    , 

1. 

2.01       - 

- 

1.00 

'2.01 

3.0 

0.5 

_ 

-    i    8.08 

40.72 

8.08 

40.72 

3.25 

0.188: 

5.83 

11.89i     2.89 

5.90 

8.72 

17.79 

3.5 

0.188 

.29 

.64 

- 

-    1 

.29 

.64 

5. 

0.375 

_ 

_ 

22.66 

142.75 

22.66 

142.75 

2  pieces,  11  ft.  4  in. 

6. 

0.5     1 

9.08 

91.52 

- 

- 

9.08 

91.52 

1  draft 

_ 

_ 

28. 

_ 

28. 

Tongue  fork. 

1      do 

- 

- 

- 

83. 

- 

83. 



Tongue. 

i 

418.06 

419.98 

- 

838.04 

Cast 
Dc 

ron. . . 

54.5 
11.5 

- 

- 

54.5 
11.5 

Bed  plate. 
Handle  for  screw. 

Dc 
Dc 
Dc 
Dc 

14. 
446. 

■^ 

60. 

198. 

- 

14. 
446. 

60. 
198. 

Roller. 

2  truck  wheels. 

2  wheels  )  journals 
2    do.      \  includM 

Dc 

- 

92. 

- 

92. 

Pintle;  eye  includM 

526. 

- 

350. 

- 

876. 

Cast  brass 

12. 

~ 

12. 

Nut  for  screw. 

Dc 
Dc 

) 

2. 

- 

44. 
44. 

_ 

2. 
44. 

Pinion  for  screw. 

) 

8  journal  boxes. 

~    1 

14.     1      - 

- 

58. 

28  PART    7. CASEMATE    CARRIAGES. 

Summary  bill  of  iron  for  one  24-jor.  howitzer  casemate  carriage. 


SIZE  OP  IROK. 

GUK  CARRIAGE 

CHASSIS. 

TOTAL. 

REMARKS. 

Wide. 

Thick. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

Feet. 

Lbs. 

' 

0.15 

Round 

3.75 

.37 

_ 

_ 

3.75 

.37 

0.2 

Round 

2.33 

.32 

_ 

_ 

2.33 

.32 

0.5 

Round 

3.08 

2.01 

_ 

_ 

3.08 

2.01 

0.625 

Round 

1.83 

1.86 

_ 

_ 

1.83 

1.86 

0.75 

Round 

4.16 

6.11 

2.54 

3.73 

6.70 

9.84 

0.875 

Round 

.87 

1.74 

_ 

_ 

.87 

1.74 

1.0 

Round! 

15.92 

41.55 

5.67 

14.79 

21.59 

56.34 

1.375 

Round 

1.06 

5.23 

_ 

_ 

1.06 

5.23 

1.5 

Round 

.50 

2.94 

1.87 

11.01 

2.37 

13.95 

2. 

Round 

2.04 

21.35 

.75 

7.85 

2.79 

29.20 

3. 

Round 

- 

- 

2.12 

49.95 

2.12 

49.95 

3.25 

Round 

.42 

11.61 

_ 

_ 

.42 

11.61 

0.3 

0.3 

1.66 

.50 

_ 

_ 

1.66 

.50 

1.0 

0.5 

.17 

.28 

- 

- 

.17 

.28 

1.25 

0.75 

- 

- 

1. 

3.15 

1. 

3.15 

1.5 

0.375 

.25 

.47 

_ 

- 

.25 

.47 

1.5 

0.75 

1. 

3.78 

1.87 

7.07 

2.87 

10.85 

1.625 

0.125 

.27 

.18 

_ 

_ 

.27 

.18 

1.75 

1.75 

1. 

10.29 

_ 

_ 

1. 

10.29 

2.0 

0.75 

.58 

2.92 

- 

_ 

.58 

2.92 

2.0 

1.0 

3.33 

22.38 

3.33 

22.38 

6.66 

44.76 

2.5 

0.188 

1.02 

1.60 

.67 

1.05 

1.69 

2.65 

2.5 

0.5 

- 

- 

2.75 

11.55 

2.75 

11.55 

2.5 

0.75 

- 

- 

4.42 

27.84 

4.42 

27.84 

2.5 

2. 

_ 

- 

1. 

16.80 

1. 

16.80 

3.0 

0.5 

_ 

- 

5.25 

26.46 

5.25 

26.46 

3.25 

0.188 

2.12 

4.32 

1.58 

3.22 

3.70 

7.54 

3.25 

0.25 

.54 

1.47 

.83 

2.26 

1.37 

3.73 

3.25 

0.5 

2.72 

14.85 

_ 

_ 

2.72 

14.85 

3.25 

1.0 

5.33 

58.20 

- 

- 

5,33 

58.20 

6.0 

0.75 

- 

- 

.58 

8.77 

.58 

8.77 

12.0 

0.5 

- 

- 

1. 

20.16 

1. 

20.16 

216.33 

- 

238.04 

- 

454.37 

Cast  iron. . .  ^ 

ifin. 

_ 

160. 
900 

Front  transom. 

Do 

:200. 

Do 

I    12- 

12. 

28. 

xvircii     LidJloUrrJ. 

Roller  for  trail. 
2  traverse  wheels. 

Dc 

) 

- 

- 

28. 

- 

372. 

- 

28. 

1 
1 

400. 

Cast  brass. 

15. 

15. 

.5 
12. 
2. 

2  rollers. 

Do 

.5 

2  journal  plates. 

IViif  fnr  scrpw 

Do 

12. 

D( 

) 

2. 

- 

- 

- 

Pinion  for  screw. 

29.5 

- 

- 

- 

29.5 

ARTILLERY 


PART  EIGHTH. 


Corrections — Part  Seventh. 

Page  11 — 5th  line,  add  to  the  description  of  the  front  transom,  that  it  is  let  into 
the  inside  of  the  cheeks,  with  tenons,  like  the  rear  transom. 
A  corresponding  correction  is  required  in  the  first  edition  of  Plate  XIII, 
Part  7. 


1  849. 


PART  EIGHTH. 


MORTAR   BEDS 


Siege  mortar  beds. — Plate  I. 

The  beds  for  8-inch  and  10-inch  siege  mortars  are  similar  to 
each  other,  differing  only  in  their  dimensions. 

They  consist  of  two  cheeks,  a  middle  transom  and  a  front  tran- 
som, of  CAST  IRON,  all  made  in  one  piece. 

Four  mancRUvring  bolts,  of  wrought  iron,  are  set  in  the  mould, 
when  the  bed  is  cast. 

The  trunnion  bed  is  accurately  reamed,  in  the  cheeks  and 
transom. 

Two  cap  squares,  of  wrought  iron,  are  fastened  to  the  cheeks, 
each  by  two  straps  held  by  two  bolts  passing  through  holes  in  the 
cheeks,  and  keyed  on  the  outside. 

A  bolster  (oak)  is  fastened  on  the  front  transom  by  two  bolts 
and  two  nuts.  The  bolster  has  a  groove  for  the  elevating  quoin, 
which  is  placed  in  a  direction  perpendicular  to  the  axis  of  the 
mortar. 

Platform  for  siege  mortars. — Plate  II. 

This  platform  is  made  of  planks  of  oak,  yellow  pine,  or  other 
hard  wood.     It  consists  of  six  sleepers  and  eighteen  deck  planks. 

The  deck  planks  are  held  together  by  four  dowels  in  one  edge 
of  each  plank,  which  fit  into  four  holes  in  the  edge  of  the  next 
plank.  The  holes  for  these  dowels  must  be  accurately  bored  in 
the  positions  assigned  for  them,  so  that  any  two  planks  may  be 


2  PART  8. MORTAR    BEDS. 

put  together  in  laying  down  the  platform.  The  dowels  are  made 
of  hickory,  or  other  hard  wood,  and  they  are  put  in  with  fox 
wedges,  to  hold  them  fast. 

The  front  and  rear  planks  and  the  sleepers  are  bored,  to  re- 
ceive eye  bolts  of  iron,  one  at  each  end  of  each  sleeper,  in  order 
to  prevent  the  deck  from  ;sliding  on  the  sleepers. 

Coehorn  mortar  bed. — Plate  II. 

The  bed  is  made  of  a  block  of  oak  wood,  in  one  or  two  pieces, 
strengthened  by  two  bolts,  No.  3,  A,  with  four  washers  and  two 
nuts. 

Two  cap  squares  are  fastened  to  the  bed,  each  by  two  bolts. 
No.  2,  B,  and  two  nuts. 

Four  handles  are  fastened  to  the  bed  by  four  bolts,  No.  3,  A, 
and  four  nuts. 

Eprouvette  mortar  bed  and  platform. — Plate  II. 

The  bed  plate  for  the  eprouvette  mortar  is  of  cast  iron.  It  has 
a  seat,  with  dovetailed  sides,  to  fit  the  sole  of  the  mortar. 

The  plate  is  let  in,  to  the  depth  of  2  inches,  into  a  platform  of 
oak  wood,  formed  of  one  or  two  pieces,  strengthened  by  two 
bolts.  No.  5,  A,  with  four  washers  and  four  nuts. 

This  wooden  platform  is  fastened  with  four  bolts.  No.  7,  to  a 
block  of  stone,  of  the  same  dimensions  as  the  wood,  which  is 
sunk  m  the  ground  and  firmly  imbedded  in  masonry. 

The  platform  must  be  set  in  such  a  manner  that  the  bed  shall 
be  exactly  horizontal,  so  that  the  axis  of  the  mortar  may  stand  at 
an  elevation  of  45"". 


ARTILLERY 


PART  NINTH. 


MACHINES 


FOR 


SIEGE  AND  GARRISON  SERVICE. 


1849. 


PART  NIN' 


MACHINES. 


Field  and  Siege  Gin. — Plate  I. 
Wood  work. 

Two  legs,  (spruce  or  ash;  straight-grained  and  free  from 
knots.)  The  corners  are  rounded  with  a  radius  of  .75  in.,  ex- 
cept those  of  the  bevels  for  the  pulleys,  which  are  rounded  .2  in. 

The  corners  of  the  mortises  for  the  braces  are  rounded  with 
a  radius  of ,  1  in. 

One  pry  pokj  (spruce  or  ash.)  It  is  round  in  its  whole 
length. 

Three  cross  bars,  or  braces,  (oak.)  The  corners  are  rounded 
with  a  radius  of  .25  in. 

When  the  gin  is  taken  apart,  for  transportation,  the  braces  are 
tied  together,  in  the  manner  represented  in  the  plate ;  holes  are 
bored  in  the  long  brace,  to  receive  the  ends  of  the  assembling 
pins  of  the  other  braces. 

Six  assembling  pins,  (oak.)  They  are  .75  in.  diameter;  the 
ends  are  chamfered  about  .1  inch. 

One  windlass,  (oak.)  The  corners  of  the  mortises  are  rounded 
.15  inch.  The  roundings  of  the  other  parts  are  shown  in  the 
plate. 

Five  handspikes,  (hickory  or  oak.)  Like  the  manoeuvring 
handspike— Part  10,  Plat?  III. 


PART  9. — MACHINES. 


Irons, 


Six  rivets  and  burrs^  No.  2,  B,  for  the  tenons  of  the  braces. 

One  tongue.  It  is  fastened  to  the  left  leg  of  the  gin.  with  three 
rivets,  the  projecting  part  of  the  tongue  being  let  into  the  wood. 

Two  head  straps.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .  1  in.  They 
are  fastened  on  the  head  of  the  gin,  each  by  two  rivets.  No.  3, 
and  eight  screws,  2  in.,  No.  14. 

One  assembling  bolt,  No.  4,  A.  Two  washers  and  one  nut  for 
the  same. 

The  nut  washer  is  fastened  to  the  left  leg  of  the  gin  by  two  of 
the  rivets  which  fasten  the  tongue.  The  washer  for  the  head  of 
the  bolt  is  fastened  to  the  right  leg  by  tmo  screws,  \\  in.,  No.  14. 

Two  sheaves,  for  fixed  pulleys,  (cast  brass.) 

One  sheave  bolt. 

Two  oval  washers,  for  the  sheave  bolt.  They  are  fastened  to 
the  legs  of  the  gin,  each  by  two  screws,  \\  in..  No.  14. 

One  key,  for  sheave  bolt.     It  has  a  hole  for  a  leather  keeper. 

One  key  bolt,  for  fastening  the  pry  pole  to  the  legs  of  the  gin. 

One  chain,  for  the  key  bolt.  It  consists  of  eight  links  No.  2, 
(not  twisted,)  and  two  rings  No.  2,  A. 

One  eye  pin.  No.  2,  for  the  key  chain. 

Two  journal  boxes.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .12  inch. 
The  journal  boxes  are  fastened  to  the  legs,  each  by  four  bolts. 

Eight  bolts,  No.  3,  C,  for  the  journal  boxes. 

Eight  washers  and  eight  nuts  for  the  same. 

Two  gudgeons,  for  the  windlass.  The  gudgeons  and  their 
collars  are  turned.  The  stem  and  the  collar  are  let  into  the  end 
of  the  windlass ;  they  are  driven  in  hard  and  fastened  with  a  key. 
The  holes  for  the  keys  should  be  bored  so  as  to  draw  the  gudgeon 
about  the  sixteenth  of  an  inch.  The  keys  are  cut  off  flush  with 
the  wood  and  slightly  riveted. 


FIELD  AND  SIEGE  GIN. 


3 


Four  bands,  for  the  windlass.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered 
.  1  inch ;  the  inner  edges  are  slightly  rounded,  so  as  not  to  chafe 
the  wood  when  they  are  driven  on.  The  bands  are  fastened  to 
the  windlass,  each  hy  four  nails,  No.  1,  C,  1^  in.  long. 

Two  bands,  for  the  legs.  ")  Their  outer  edges  are  cham- 

Three  bands,  for  the  pry  pole.  3  fered  .1  inch.  They  are  fas- 
tened each  by  two  nails,  No.  1,  C. 

Three  points,  for  the  legs  and  pry  pole.  The  stems  are  jagged 
and  driven  hard  into  the  ends  of  the  legs. 

One  handle,  few:  the  pry  pole.  Two  washers  for  the  handle  are 
let  into  the  pry  pole  and  fastened  each  by  three  screws,  \\  in., 
No.  14. 

One  tongue,  for  the  pry  pole.  The  edges  are  rounded  .1  inch. 
The  part  which  is  let  into  the  pry  pole  is  rounded  to  the  shape  of 
the  wood.  It  is  fixed  in  the  head  of  the  pry  pole  by  two  rivets 
and  burrs.  No.  3,  B. 

One  pulley  block.  It  consists  of  a  sheave,  like  those  in  the 
head  of  the  gin ;  two  straps,  a  cross  piece  and  a  hook,  connected 
together  by  tliree  bolts  and  nuts,  as  shown  in  the  plate. 

Bill  of  timber  for  field  and  siege  gin. 


Legs 

Pry  pole 

Windlass 

i  Upper.. 
Braces.  <  Middle. 

f  Lower. 


in 

<u 

o 
6 

DIMENSIONS  OF  EACH 
PIECE. 

CONTENTS. 

Long. 

Wide. 

Thick. 

Each 
piece. 

Total. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

2 

180 

6.5 

5.5 

44.69 

89.38 

180 

5.5 

5.5 

37.81 

37.81 

68 

9. 

9. 

38.25 

38.25 

48 

4.75 

2.75 

4.35 

4.35 

72 

4.75 

2.75 

6.53 

6.53 

102 

4.75 

2.75 

9.25 

9.25 

185.57 

REMARKS. 


Spruce  or  ash. 
Spruce  or  ash. 
Oak. 

\  Oak  plank. 


PART  9. — MACHINES. 


Bill  of  iron  for  field  and  siege  gin. 


PARTS. 


Chain,  No.  2 

Rivets  and  nails 

Bolts,  No.  3,  and  keys  for 

gudgeons 

Key  bolt 

Bolts,   No.  5,  eye  pin    and ) 

handle \ 

Sheave  bolt 

Bolts  for  pulley  block 

Cross  head  for  pulley  block. . . , 

Collars  for  gudgeons 

Nuts,  No.  3 

Bands 

Nuts,  No.  4 

Hook  for  pulley  block 

Washers,  No.  3 

Bevel  washer 

Gudgeons  and  points 

Oval  washers , 

Head  straps 

Straps  for  pulley  block 

Pry  pole  tongue 

Journal  boxes 

Tongue  plate 


Three  sheaves  for  pulleys, 


^ 


In. 

0.2 

.375 

.625 

.75 

1. 

1.25 

1.5 

2.5 

0.5 

1.25 

1.5 

1.5 

1.75 

2, 

2. 

2. 

2.5 

2.5 

2.5 

3.5 

3.5 

5.5 


In. 

Round 
Round 

Round 

Round 

Round 

Round 
Round 
Round 

0.5 
.625 
.25 
.75 

1.75 

0.125 
.625 

2. 

0.125 
.31 
.5 

1. 

1.75 

0.5 


•5 

s 


In. 

42. 
129. 

71. 

10. 

27. 

16. 

8. 

3.5 
16. 
10. 
212. 

5. 
12. 
18. 

3. 
29. 
13. 
32. 
30. 
12. 
24. 
16. 


Lbs. 

0.36 
3.95 

6.03 

1.22 

5.87 

5.45 

3.92 

4.77 

1.12 

2.18 

22.26 

1.57 

10.29 

1.26 

1.05 

32.48 

1.14 

7. 

10.50 
11.76 
41.16 
12.32 


187.66 


24. 


REMARKS. 


Hammered. 


Hammered. 
Hammered. 


Brass. 


GARRISON  AND  CASEMATE  GINS.  O 

Garrison  and  Casemate  Gins. — Plates  II  and  III. 

These  two  gins  are  constructed  in  the  same  manner ;  they  differ 
from  each  other  only  in  their  height  and  other  corresponding 
dimensions,  as  shown  in  the  plates. 

Wood  work. 

Two  legSy  (spruce  or  yellow  pine.)  They  are  made  round, 
except  at  the  bevels  for  the  journals  of  the  windlass.  Instead  of 
working  the  bevel  out  of  the  same  piece  as  the  leg,  it  may  be 
formed  of  another  piece  of  timber  which  is  fastened  to  the  leg  by 
two  bands,  in  the  manner  represented  in  Plaie  II. 

Fig.  a,  Plate  II,  shows  an  arrangement  for  forming  the  bevel 
for  the  windlass  by  means  of  a  brass  journal  box  bolted  to  the 
legs,  as  in  the  field  and  siege  gin.  The  two  last  methods  of 
arranging  the  journal  boxes  allow  of  using  smaller  timber  for  the 
legs  than  by  the  first  method. 

One  pry  pole,  (spruce  or  yellow  pine.) 

Cleats,  for  steps,  (oak.)  There  are  six  on  the  casemate,  and 
eleven  on  the  garrison  gin.  They  are  fastened  to  the  pry  pole, 
each  by  two  nails,  No.  2,  C.  The  pry  pole  is  notched  out  to 
give  a  bearing  for  the  inside  of  the  cleat. 

One  windlass,  (oak.)  It  is  turned  in  its  whole  length,  and 
then  partly  squared  near  the  ends,  for  the  handspike  mortises. 
The  corners  of  the  mortises  are  rounded  .  15  inch. 

Irons. 

Six  bands,  for  the  legs  and  pry  pole.  The  edges  are  cham- 
fered .12  inch.  The  bands  are  fastened  each  by  tAree  nails, 
No.  3,  C,  2  in.  long. 

Tivo  rivet  bolts,  No.  1,  G.  They  pass  through  the  legs,  just  be- 
low the  journal  boxes.    The  nuts  are  round  and  let  into  the  wood. 


6  PART  9. — MACHINES. 

Two  braces.  They  are  round  in  the  middle  and  square  near 
the  bolt  holes.  They  are  fastened  to  the  legs,  each  by  two  bolts, 
No.  5,  with  keys. 

When  the  gin  is  dismounted  the  lower  brace  is  fastened  to  the 
left  leg,  and  the  upper  one  to  the  right  leg,  by  their  bolts  and  keys. 

Eight  washers,  for  the  brace  bolts.  They  are  round,  and  are 
let  into  the  legs  and  fastened,  each  by  four  nails. 

Four  keys,  for  the  brace  bolts. 

Four  key  chains.  Each  chain  consists  of  four  links,  No.  1,  and 
two  rings,  No.  1,  B. 

Four  eye  pins.  No.  1,  for  key  chains.  They  are  screwed  into 
the  legs,  above  the  bolt  holes. 

Three  points,  for  the  legs  and  pry  pole.  The  stems  are  jagged 
and  driven  hard  into  the  wood. 

One  handle,  for  the  pry  pole.  The  handle  is  driven  into  the 
wood  and  kept  in  place  by  two  washers  like  those  for  the  bolt  holes 
in  the  legs. 

One  clevis  and  one  clevis  bolt.  The  bolt  has  a  key  hole  at  each 
end.  It  is  fastened  in  the  head  of  the  pry  pole  by  a  round  pin 
which  is  driven  in  perpendicular  to  the  bolt  and  passes  through  a 
round  notch  cut  in  the  middle  of  the  bolt  on  the  upper  side. 

Two  keys,  for  the  clevis  bolt. 

Two  key  chains.  Each  consists  of  twelve  links.  No.  1,  and  two 
rings.  No.  1,  B. 

Two  eye  pins,  No.  1,  for  the  key  chains. 

Two  journal  boxes,  (brass.)  They  are  let  into  the  legs  and 
are  fastened  each  hy  four  screws,  2.5  inch.  No.  20. 

Two  pawls,  for  the  ratchets  of  the  windlass.  They  are  fastened 
to  the  legs  of  the  gin  by  two  bolts.  No.  3,  A.  Two  washers  and 
two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

When  the  large  journal  boxes,  represented  in  Fig.  A,  Plate  II, 
are  used,  they  are  fastened  to  the  legs,  each  by  two  bolts,  one 
of  which  holds  the  pawl.     For  these  journal  boxes  the  wind- 


GARRISON  AND  CASEMATE  GINS.  7 

lass  of  the  garrison  gin  must  be  four  inches  longer  than  for  the 
others. 

Two  jcmrnals,  for  the  windlass.  They  are  let  into  mortises 
cut  into  the  ends  of  the  windlass,  which  are  filled  up  with  pieces 
of  wood,  after  the  journals  are  inserted.  The  parts  let  into  the 
wood  are  square. 

Six  bands,  for  the  windlass.  The  outer  corners  are  chamfered 
.  12  inch.  The  bands  are  driven  on  hard  and  fastened  each  by 
four  nails,  No.  3,  C. 

Two  ratchets.  They  fit  on  hexagonal  tenons  made  on  the  ends 
of  the  windlass,  and  they  are  fastened  each  by  four  nails,  No.  3, 
C,  4.5  in.  long. 

Gin  blocks. 

They  are  made  with  one,  two,  three,  or  four  sheaves,  differing 
accordingly  in  the  lengths  of  the  bolts  and  cross  heads,  as  shown 
in  Plate  III.     The  parts  are  as  follows : 

Two  straps.  The  outer  edges  are  chamfered  .25  inch.  The 
ends  are  bent  over  the  cross  heads. 

Two  cross  heads.  Each  of  them  has  an  eye  riveted  into  it. 
The  ends  are  cut  with  screw  threads,  to  connect  them  with  the 
straps.     Four  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  hook.     It  is  welded  into  the  eye  of  one  of  the  cross  heads. 

The  partition,  between  the  sheaves,  has  two  tenons  at  each 
end,  which  are  let  into  the  cross  heads. 

The  sheaves,  (cast  brass.) 

One  sheave  bolt,  No.  5,  A.     One  nut  for  the  same. 


PART   9. — MACHINES. 


Bill  of  timber  for  one  garrison  gin. 


05 

i 

o 

i 

DIMENSIONS  OF  EACH 
PIECE. 

CONTENTS. 

NAMES  OF  PARTS. 

Long. 

Wide. 

Thick. 

Each 
piece. 

Total. 

Legs  and  C  large  end 
pry  pole,  (  small  end 

Bevel  blocks 

"Windlass. «. 

[3 

1 
1 
11 

In. 

264.  j 

40. 

104. 

12. 

In. 

9. 

6.5 
10. 
11. 

4.25 

In. 
9. 
6.5 
9. 
11. 
3. 

Sup.  feet. 

S 113.21 

25. 
87.39 
1.06 

Sup.ft. 

339.63 

25.00 
87.39 
11.66 

Spruce. 

For  2  blocks. 
Oak. 

Cleats 

Oak  plank. 

Bill  of  timber  for  one  casemate  gin. 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


Legs. 


C  Large  end. 


(Small  end.. 
C  Large  end 
Small  end 
Windlass 


Pry  pole  ^ 


DIMENSIONS  OF  EACH 
PIECE. 


Long. 


In. 
180 


180 

101. 
12. 


Wide. 


In. 
12.5 

6.5 

9. 

6.5 
11. 

4.25 


Thick 


In. 
9.5 
6.5 
9. 
6.5 
11. 
3. 


CONTENTS. 


Each 
piece. 


Sup.  feet, 
i  100.33 

i   77.03 

84.88 
1.06 


Total, 


Sup.ft 
200.66 

77.03 


REMARKS. 


Spruce. 


84.88  Oak. 
6. 36 Oak  plank. 


GARRISON  AND  CASEMATE  GIN. 


Bill  of  iron  for  one  garrison  or  casemate  gin. 


Key  chains,  No.  1 

Rings 

Rivet  bolts,  No.  1 

Pin  for  clevis  bolt 

Eye  pins 

Bolts,  No.  5,  and  pry  pole  handle. 

Bolts,  No.  3,  for  pawls 

Braces  and  clevis 

Clevis  bolt 

Bolt  heads,  No.  5,  and  points  ) 

for  legs ) 

Nails,  No.  3 

Nuts,  No.  1 

Keys  for  braces «. 

Nuts,  No.  3,  and  pawls 

Eyes  for  pulley  blocks 

Keys  for  clevis  bolt 

Nuts,  No.  4 

Hooks  for  blocks 

Washers,  No.  3 

Middle  bands  for  windlass 

Collars  for  points..  .•• 

Journals 

Washers  for  handle 

Washers,  No.  5 

End  bands  for  windlass 

Lower  bands  for  legs 

Cross  heads  for  blocks 

Upper  bands  for  legs 

Partitions  for  blocks 

Straps  for  blocks 

Two  ratchets 

Two  journal  boxes 

Five  sheaves 


Wide. 


In. 


0,15 

0.2 

0.5 

0.75 

0.875  Round 

1. 

1.25 

1.5 

1.75 


2. 

0.375 

1. 

1.25 

1.25 

1.25 

1.5 

1.5 

1.75 

2. 

2. 

2. 

2. 

3. 

3.25 

3.5 

4. 

4. 

6. 

8. 

8. 


Thick, 


In. 


Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 


Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 


Round 

0.375 

0.5 

0.125 

0.625 

1.25 

0.125 

0.75 

1.75 

0.125 

0.25 

1. 

2. 

0.188 

0.188 

0.25 

0.25 

1.25 

0.25 

0.25 

0.37 


Lons 


Feet. 

7.5 
2.5 
1.66 
0.41 
0.83 
3.33 
0.70 
22.5 
2.25 


9.41 
0.16 
1.16 
2.54 
2. 

1.16 
0.75 
1.83 
0.33 
14.58 
2. 

1.66 
0.5 
2.16 
5.33 
5.08 
2.33 
4.12 
2.75 
5. 


W'ght 


Lbs. 

0.52 
0.27 
1.08 
0.60 
1.66 
8.69 
2.86 
132.52 
18.02 

41,88 

4.42 

0.26 

0.60 

6.65 

10.50 

0.73] 

2.83 

18.83 

0.27 

24.49 

13.44 

22.31 

0.94 

4.40 

15.67 

17.06 

39.14 

20.76 

18.48 

50.40 


480.28 


39. 


73. 


This  bill  in- 
cludes the  ma- 
terials for  one 
double  and 
one  triple  pul- 
ley block. 


Hammered. 


Hammered. 


Cast  iron. 
Cast  brass. 


Part  9—2 


16  PART  9. MACHINES. 

Sling  Cart.— Plates  IV  and  V. 
Wood  work. 

One  axletreey  (oak.)  The  lower  corners  are  chamfered  .5  inch, 
between  the  stirrups.  The  arms  are  rounded,  to  fit  the  nave 
boxes. 

One  bolster y  (oak.)  The  upper  corners  are  slightly  rounded, 
where  the  iron  work  permits.  The  ends  are  chamfered  .25  inch. 
An  interval  of  .2  in.  is  left  between  the  axletree  and  the  bolster,  to 
allow  for  the  shrinking  of  the  hounds  and  pole,  which  are  let 
in  between  them. 

One  pole,  (oak.)  It  is  rounded  for  32  inches  from  the  small 
end.  The  lower  corners  of  the  remaining  part,  and  the  upper 
corners,  in  front  of  the  hounds  and  between  the  hounds  and  axle- 
tree,  are  chamfered  .5  inch. 

Two  hounds,  (oak.)  The  inner  corners  are  chamfered  .5  inch, 
except  where  they  are  joined  to  the  pole  and  axletree.  The  out- 
side, in  front  of  the  axletree,  is  rounded  with  a  radius  of  4.25 
inches. 

One  pole  prop,  (hickory.) 

Irons. 

One  lower  axle  skean.  It  is  let  into  the  under  side  of  the  axle- 
tree,  in  its  whole  length.  The  ends  are  rounded,  to  conform  to 
the  shape  of  the  axle  arms. 

Two  upper  skeans.  They  are  let  into  the  upper  side  of  the  axle 
arms  and  into  the  shoulders. 

Six  rivets.  No.  3,  for  the  axle  skeans. 

Two  bands,  for  the  ends  of  the  axle  arms.  They  are  let  into 
notches  in  the  skeans,  the  ends  of  which  are  turned  up,  on  the 
outside  of  the  bands. 


SLING  CART* 


11 


Two  washer  ptates,  for  axle  hooks.  They  are  let  into  the  rear 
of  the  axle  tree  and  fastened  each  by  four  nails  No,  3,  C,  2.5 
inches  long. 

Two  axle  hooks.    Two  nuts  and  two  washers.  No.  7,  for  the  same. 

Two  washer  plates,  for  bolster  hooks.  They  are  let  into  the 
front  of  the  bolster  and  fastened  each  by  four  nails.  No.  3,  C, 
2  inches  long* 

Two  bolster  hooks.  Two  nuts  and  two  washers,  No.  5,  for  the 
same* 

The  axle  and  bolster  hooks  serve  for  fastening  the  lashing 
chains  or  ropeS)  when  the  weight  is  slung,  to  relieve  the  pressure 
on  the  screw. 

Two  stirrups.  They  are  let  in  flush  with  the  surfaces  of  the 
bolster  and  axletree,  which  they  hold  together  by  means  of  two 
bridles  and  four  nuts,  No.  4. 

One  bed  plate,  for  the  hoisting  screw,  (cast  iron.)  The  plate 
is  let  into  the  top  of  the  bolster,  and  fastened  by  two  bolts,  No.  4, 
C,  which  pass  through  the  bolster  and  axletree. 

Two  nuts.  No.  4,  for  these  bolts. 

One  hoisting  screw.  The  lower  part  is  square,  and  it  passes 
through  a  square  hole  in  the  axletree  to  prevent  the  screw  from 
turning.  It  has  two  hooks  at  the  lower  end,  for  hitching  the 
chains  by  which  the  load  is  raised. 

One  nut  for  the  screw,  (brass.)  It  is  made  round,  with  two 
square  feathers  projecting  on  opposite  sides. 

One  handle,  for  the  screw.  The  branches  are  round;  the  socket 
hole  has  two  square  notches  which  fit  on  the  projecting  feathers 
of  the  nut,  for  the  purpose  of  turning  it. 

Two  rivets  and  burrs,  No.  3,  B,  for  the  front  end  of  the  pole. 

One  pole  strap.  It  forms  an  eye  on  the  front  end  of  the  pole, 
for  attaching  the  sling  cart  to  a  limber. 

Three  bolts.  No.  2,  A,  for  the  pole  strap.  Three  nuts  for  the 
same. 


12  PART  9. — MACHINES. 

Twelve  nails,  No.  3,  C,  2  inches  long,  for  pole  strap. 

Two  bolts,  No.  5,  B,  for  connecting  the  hounds  with  the  bolster 
and  axletree.  Their  heads  are  let  into  the  top  of  the  bolster. 
Two  nuts,  for  the  same. 

Three  bands,  for  the  hounds  and  pole.  Their  outer  corners  are 
chamfered  .1  inch.  The  inner  corners  are  rounded,  to  prevent 
chafing  the  wood,  when  they  are  driven  on.  The  bands  are 
fastened  each  by  six  nails,  No.  3,  C,  2.5  inches  long. 

Two  bolts,  No.  4,  A.,  for  the  hounds  and  pole.  Four  washers 
and  two  nuts  for  the  same. 

One  cascable  chain,  for  holding  up  the  breech  of  a  gun,  or  the 
front  end  of  any  weight,  when  slung.  The  chain  consists  of 
sixteen  links,  No.  5,  one  ring,  and  one  hook.  The  ring  traverses 
on  the  bar  of  the  pole  staple,  to  suit  the  different  lengths  of  guns. 

One  pole  staple.    Two  nuts  and  two  washers,  No.  4,  for  the  same. 

One  eye  pin,  for  pole  prop  socket.  Two  washers  and  one  nut, 
No.  3,  for  the  same. 

One  socket  and  one  ferrule,  for  pole  prop.  Each  of  them  is 
fastened  to  the  prop  by  one  rivet,  No.  2. 

One  pole  prop  chain.  It  consists  of  sixteen  links.  No.  1,  one 
ring,  No.  1,  A,  and  one  toggle,  like  that  for  the  limber  of  field 
carriages. 

One  eye  pin,  No.  1,  for  pole  prop  chain. 

Two  shoulder  washers,  for  axletree. 

Two  linch  washers,  with  drag  hooks. 

Two  linch  pins. 

One  sling  chain,  consisting  of  sixty-nine  links,  one  ring,  and 
one  hook. 

Two  trunnion  chains.  Each  chain  consists  oi  four  links,  one 
small  ring,  and  one  trunnion  ring.  The  sling  chain  and  the  trun- 
nion chain  should  be  made  of  the  'best  quality  of  iron,  and  welded 
with  great  care. 


SLING  CART. 


13 


Wheel.— Plate  IV. 

Wood  work,  (oak.) 

One  nave,  sixteen  spokes,  eight  fellies,  and  eight  dowels.     The 
forms  and  dimensions  of  these  parts  are  shown  in  the  plate. 

Irons. 

Four  nave  bands.     Their  exterior  corners  are  chamfered  .  12  in. 
They  are  fastened  each  by  three  nails,  No.  3,  C,  2  in.  long. 

One  tire,  made  in  one  hoop. 

Eight  tire  bolts.  No.  4,  C.     Eight  washers  and  eight  nuts  for 
the  same. 
.    Two  nave  boxes,  (cast  iron.)     Plate  V. 

This  sling  cart  is  capable  of  transporting  the  heaviest  pieces  of 
ordnance.     It  is  used  with  a  field  carriage  limber. 

Bill  of  timber  for  one  sling  cart* 


NAMES  OF  PARTS. 


DIMENSIONS  OF  EACH 
PIECE. 


Long. 


Wide. 


Thick 


CONTENTS. 


Each 
piece. 


Total. 


Axletree 

Bolster 

Hounds 

Tongue  { Is -,^- 

rp„,^     (Naves.... 

T^°     5  Spokes.. 

^«^^^^-/ Fellies... 


In. 

102. 
66. 
80. 


198 


■\ 


21. 

48. 
39. 


In. 

11. 
9. 
9. 

7.5 
5. 

19. 
5.25 
9. 


In. 

9. 
9. 
5. 

6. 
5. 

Round 
2.75 
5.5 


Sup.  feet. 

i 

i    70.13 

!    37.13 

i    25. 

I    48.13 

!    41.34 

I      4.81 

13.4 


Sup.  feet. 

70.13 
37.13 
SO. 


48.13 

82.68 
153.92 
214.4 


Oak. 
Do. 
Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
Do. 
Oak  plank. 


14 


PART  9.— MACHINES. 

Bill  of  iron  for  one  slirig  cart. 


Wide. 


Pole  prop  chain,  No.  1 

Rings,  No.  1 

Rivets,  No.  2. 

Chain,  No.  5,  and  rivets,  No.  3. 

Pole  rivets 

Bolts,  No.  4,  chains  &  pole  staple 

Eye  pin.  No.  1 

Bolts,  Nos.  2  and  5,  and  rings. 
Bolt  heads,  No.  4,  and  eye  pin* 

Screw  handle 

Bolt  heads.  No.  5 

Nails,  No.  3 

Toggle  for  pole  prop  chain 

Axle  washers,   upper  skeans, 
nuis  No.  2,  and  chain  hook. 

Burrs  for  pole  rivets 

Nuts,  No.  3 

Bolster  hooks 

Axle  bands 

Nuts,  No.  4 

Hook  for  sling  chain 

Axle  hooks 

Pole  prop  ferrule 

Linoh  pins 

Washers,  No.  3 

Bands  for  hounds  and  pole. . . 

Brow  bands  for  naves 

Lower  skean  &  stirrups,  (in  part) 

Bridles > . 

Stirrups  and  pole  straps. . . . 

Nuts,  No.  5 

Upper  skeans 

Nuts,  No.  7 

Washers,  No.  4 

End  bands  for  naves 

Lower  axle  skean — body.. . 
Hoisting  screw,  (in  one  piece).. . 

Washers,  No.  5 

Pole  prop  socket 

Socket  of  screw  handle 

Washers,  No.  7 

Washers  for  axle  &  bolster  hooks 

Two  wheel  tires 

Lower  axle  skean — middle  part. 


Bed  plate  for  screw 

Nave  boxes  for  two  wheels. 


Nut  for  hoisting  screw . 


Thick. 


In. 
0.15 
0.2 
0.25 
0.375 
0.5 
0.75 
0.875 
1. 
1.5 
1.75 
2. 

0.375 
0.5 

1. 

1.125 

1.25 

1.25 

1.3 

].5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.75 

1.75 

2. 

2. 

2. 

2. 

2. 

2. 

2. 

2.25 

2.25 

2.5 

2.5 

3. 

3. 

3.25 

3.5 

3.5 

4. 

4.5 

4.5 

6. 


In. 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
Round 
0.375 
0.25 

0.5 

0.25 

0.625 

1.25 

0.2 

0.75 

1. 

1.5 

0.375 

0.625 

0.125 

0.25 

0.375 

0.5 

0.625 

0.75 

1. 

0.5 

1.25 

0.J88 

0.375 

0.5 

3. 

0.188 

0.625 

2.25 

0.25 

0.375 

0.875 

0.5 


Long. 


Feet. 
3-75 
0.31 
0.50 
9.06 
0.50 

89.58 
0.14 
9.91 
1. 

5.33 
0.5U 

12.04 
0.16 

11.25 

0.18 
O.JO 
2.33 
2.50 
3.25 
1.33 
2.50 
0.66 
0.83 
0.33 

10. 

16.33 

10. 
1.58 
4.83 
0.66 
0.66 
0.37 
4.58 

13.82 
3.41 
3.83 
0.54 
1.25 
1. 

0.66 
2.33 

50. 
1. 


Weight. 


Lbs. 
0.26 
0.03 
0.08 
3.33 
0.32 
131.68 
0.28 

25.86 
5.86 

42.69 
5.23 
5. 66 
0.06 

18.90 

0.17 
0.26 

12.23 
2.17 

12.28 
6.70 

18.90 
1.45 
3.04 
0.27 

16.80 

41.00 

33.60 
6.63 

24.34 
4.43 
2.49 
3.49 
7.19 

43.52 

17.18 

115.81 

1.10 

9.18 

25.88 
2.21 

13.18 
661.00 

10.08 


1336.82 


42. 
60. 


Pole  prop-. 


102. 


14. 


Hammered 


Hammered  ^ 
Hammered. 
In  4  pieces. 

>  Cast  iron. 
Cast  brass. 


HAND    SLING    CART.  15 

Hand  Sling  Cart. 

This  sling  cart  is  very  convenient  for  use  at  an  Arsenal,  or  in 
siege  or  garrison  service,  for  the  transportation  of  light  guns  and 
mortars,  or  their  carriages,  heavy  timber,  &c.,  to  short  distances; 
or  in  embarking  and  disembarking  stores.  It  should  not  be 
habitually  used  for  weights  of  more  than  4000  lbs.,  but  it  may 
serve  occasionally  for  the  transportation  of  a  •24-pounder  or  a 
312-pounder  gun. 

It  is  made  entirely  of  iron,  except  the  pole,  which  is  of  oak. 

Body, 

One  axletree.  The  centre  piece  is  forged  separately,  and 
welded  to  the  arms ;  the  projection  for  the  hook  is  worked  out  of 
the  same  piece,  and  the  upper  strap  which  connects  the  pole  with 
the  axletree  is  welded  to  it. 

One  understrap,  for  the  pole.  It  has  two  shoulders,  between 
which  the  axletree  is  placed,  and  it  is  fastened  by  a  bolt.  No.  2, 
E,  which  is  screwed  into  the  under  side  of  the  axletree. 

Three  bolts,  No.  3,  D,  for  connecting  the  pole  with  the  upper 
and  lower  straps. 

Three  nuts,  for  the  same. 

Two  rivets,  No.  3,  B,  for  the  rear  end  of  the  pole. 

One  pole  strap  and  eye,  for  the  front  end  of  the  pole.  It  is  fas- 
tened to  the  pole  by  six  rivets,  No.  3. 

The  eye  is  used  for  connecting  the  sling  cart  occasionally  with 
a  limber,  or  for  attaching  a  horse  to  it,  whilst  the  pole  is  held  up 
by  hand. 

One  handle.  It  is  retained  in  place  by  a  shoulder  on  one  side 
of  the  pole  and  a  key  on  the  other. 

Two  braces,  made  of  round  iron.  The  rear  ends  pass  through 
the  axletree ;  they  have  shoulders  on  the  front  side,  and  are  fas- 
tened by  two  nuts.  No.  3. 


16  PART  9. — MACHINES. 

The  front  ends  of  the  braces  are  flattened,  and  are  fastened  to 
the  pole  by  one  bolt,  No.  2,  A,  and  one  nut. 

One  hook.  It  is  fastened  to  the  rear  of  the  axletree  by  one 
bolt,  No.  4,  A,  and  one  nut. 

Two  shoulder  washers.     Two  linch  washers.     Two  linch  pins. 

Wheel. 

One  nave,  (cast  iron.) 

Ten  spokes.  The  spoke  is  forged  in  two  parts.  The  tenon  of 
the  nave  end  is  round ;  the  outer  end  is  made  with  a  plate  or 
shoulder,  to  serve  as  a  bearing  for  the  tire. 

One  tire.  It  is  shrunk  on  the  ends  of  the  spokes  and  fastened 
to  them  hy  four  rivets,  No.  3,  in  each  spoke. 

Casemate  Truck. — Plate  VII. 

This  truck  is  used  for  transporting  guns  in  casemate  galleries, 
or  through  posterns. 

Wood  work,  (oak.) 

Two  rails.     The  corners  are  rounded  .5  inch ;  the  ends,  1  inch. 
Three  transoms.     The  corners  are  rounded  .5  inch. 
The  transoms  are  framed  to  the  rails  by  tenons  and  mortises ; 
they  have  notches  on  the  upper  side,  for  the  gun  to  lie  in. 
One  handle. 

Irons. 

One  rear  transom  plate.  It  terminates  at  each  end  in  an  eye 
into  which  is  welded  a  ring,  for  hooking  a  drag  rope  to  the  truck. 
The  plate  is  let  into  the  under  side  of  the  transom  and  rails,  and 
fastened  hy  four  nails.  No.  2,  C,  3.5  in.  long. 

One  front  transom  plate.  It  is  made  like  that  for  the  rear  tran- 
som, except  in  having  a  swell  in  the  middle,  with  a  hole  for  the 
stem  of  the  truck  wheel  fork.  It  is  fastened  to  the  transom  with 
six  nails,  No.  2,  C,  3.5  in.  long. 


CASEMATE  TRUCK HAND  CART.  17 

Six  bolts,  No.  4,  B,  for  the  rails  and  transoms. 

Six  nuts  for  the  same. 

Two  rear  fork  plates.  They  are  fastened  to  the  under  side  of 
the  rails,  each  hy  four  nails,  No.  2,  C,  3.5  in.  long. 

Two  forks  and  two  bolts  for  rear  wheels.  They  are  the  same 
as  the  traverse  wheel  forks  of  the  barbette  chassis. 

One  fork  socket,  for  the  front  wheel.  It  is  made  round,  and 
let  into  the  front  transom. 

One  fork  and  one  bolt,  for  front  wheel ;  like  the  barbette  tra- 
verse wheel  fork,  except  that  the  upper  part  of  the  stem  is  coni- 
cal, to  allow  the  wheel  to  change  its  direction.  There  is  a  square 
shoulder,  below  the  conical  part,  on  which  the  fork  plate  fits. 
The  fork  bolt  has  no  manoeuvring  tenon  on  the  head. 

One  fork  plate,  for  front  wheel.  It  is  round,  with  a  square 
hole,  to  fit  on  the  shoulder  of  the  fork,  and  an  eye  to  connect  it 
with  the  tongue. 

One  tongue. 

One  tongue  bolt.  No,  4,  A ;  one  nut  for  the  same. 

Three  truck  wheels.  The  same  as  the  traverse  wheels  of  the 
barbette  chassis. 

Hand  Cart.— Plate  VII. 

It  is  used  for  the  transportation  of  light  stores,  in  siege  and 
garrison  service. 

Woodwork,  (oak  or  ash.) 

One  bolster,  for  the  axle  tree. 

Two  lower  side  rails.  They  are  bolted  to  the  bolster.  They 
are  round  in  front  of  the  props. 

Three  lower  cross  bars.  They  are  joined  to  the  side  rails  with 
tenons  and  mortises.    The  front  bar  is  round  and  serves  for  a  handle. 

Two  upper  side  rails  and  two  end  rails,  halved  together  and 
fastened  vfiihfour  screws. 
Part  9—3 


18  PART  9. MACHINES. 

Six  side  studs  and  six  end  studs.  They  are  framed  into  the 
rails  and  cross  bars,  and  fastened  with  wooden  pins. 

Five  boards,  (hard  wood,)  for  the  bottom,  sides  and  ends.  The 
bottom  is  fastened  to  the  bolster  and  the  cross  bars  with  eighteen 
screws,  1.5  inch,  No.  14.  The  sides  and  ends  are  fastened  to  the 
inside  of  the  studs,  with  four  screws  in  each  stud. 

Two  WHEELS.  Two  uavcs,  (gum.)  Twenty-four  spokes,  (oak.J 
The  tenons  for  the  fellies  are  round.      Twelve  fellies,  (oak.) 

Irons. 

One  axletree. 

Two  bolts.  No.  2,  B,  for  the  axletree  and  bolster. 

Two  nuts,  for  the  same. 

Two  props,  fastened  to  the  side  rails  each  with  two  bolts. 
No.  1,  D.     Four  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Four  nave  bands,  fastened  each  with  three  nails. 

Twelve  tire  bolts.  No.  1,  C.     Twelve  washers  and  twelve  nuts. 

Two  nave  boxes.  They  are  of  wrought  iron,  welded,  .  13  inch 
thick,  with  small  ribs  on  two  sides.  They  are  .25  in.  shorter 
than  the  nave,  to  leave  room  for  letting  in  the  shoulder  washers. 

Two  shoulder  washers,  2  in.  diameter,  and  .25  in.  thick;  let 
into  the  ends  of  the  naves. 

Two  linch  washers.      Two  linch  pins 

Store  Truck.— Plate  VII. 
This  truck  is  used  for  moving  boxes  in  store-houses,  and  in 
embarking  and  disembarking  stores. 

Woodwork,  (oak.) 
Two  rails,  which  are  rounded  at  the  ends,  for  handles. 
Four  cross  bars,  framed  into  the  rails  and  fastened  by  wooden 

pins. 

Two  bolsters,  between  the  rails  and  the  axletree.     They  are 

nailed  on  the  under  side  of  the  rails. 


STORE    TRUCK LIFTING  JACK.  19 

Irons. 

One  shoe,  fastened  on  the  upper  side  of  the  rails  by  four  bolts, 
No.  1,  C.     Four  washers  and  four  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

One  axletrec,  fastened  to  the  rails  by  two  bolts,  No.  1,  C, 
Two  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Two  guard  plates,  to  prevent  the  load  from  touching  the  wheels. 
They  are  let  into  the  rails,  under  the  plates  of  the  shoe,  and  are 
fastened  by  the  two  bolts  which  hold  the  axletree. 

Two  truck  wheels,  (cast  iron.) 

Two  shoulder  washers. 

Two  linch  washers. 

Two  screws,  with  square  heads.  They  are  screwed  into  the 
ends  of  the  axletree,  in  place  of  linch  pins. 

Two  props,  fastened  to  the  rails  each  by  two  bolts,  No.  1,  B. 
Four  nuts  for  these  bolts. 

Lifting  Jack — Plate  VIII. 

This  is  a  geared  screw  jack,  for  lifting  heavy  weights.  When 
the  weight  is  near  the  ground,  it  is  lifted  by  means  of  the  foot 
which  is  joined  to  the  screw.  By  propping  up  the  weight  and 
putting  a  block  of  wood  on  the  foot  of  the  jack,  the  weight  may 
be  raised  high  enough  to  place  the  head  of  the  screw  under  it,  in 
order  to  raise  it  to  a  greater  height,  if  required. 

The  bed  is  a  block  of  oak.  It  is  strengthened  by  two  rivet  bolts, 
No.  2,  A,  with /owr  washers  and  two  nuts. 

Two  eye  plates  for  the  braces  are  let  into  the  ends  of  the  bed 
and  fastened  each  by  two  screws  of  2  in.  and  one  of  1  in.,  No.  16. 
A  notch  is  cut  out  of  the  middle  of  the  bed,  in  order  to  let  the 
foot  of  the  screw  come  down,  as  near  as  possible,  to  the  ground. 

The  stand  is  of  cast  iron.  It  has  a  slot  in  one  side,  for  the  foot 
of  the  screw  to  slide  in.  Four  points  are  screwed  into, tljje,  bot- 
tom of  the  stand,  to  steady  it  on  the  wooden  bed.  ^  y^^Mif 


20  PART  9. MACHINES. 

Two  braces,  made  of  round  iron,  are  hooked  into  the  eye  plates 
on  the  bed,  and  fastened  to  the  stand,  at  the  upper  end,  by  two 
bolts,  No.  3,  which  are  screwed  into  the  cast  iron. 

The  screw  is  of  the  same  size  and  pitch  as  the  elevating  screw 
of  the  casemate  carriage. 

The  foot  is  formed  of  the  same  piece  as  the  body  of  the  screw. 
A  plate  is  fastened  to  the  foot  by  three  screws  1.5  inch.  No.  14. 

The  head  is  screwed  on  and  slightly  riveted. 

The  nut  and  pinion  are  like  those  of  the  casemate  elevating 
apparatus. 

The  shaft  is  kept  in  place  by  a  screw  pin,  which  is  let  into  the 
projecting  part  of  the  stand. 

The  crank  is  kept  on  the  shaft  by  a  nut,  No.  4.  It  has  a 
wooden  handle  which  is  fastened  on  by  a  washer  and  nut,  No.  2. 

A  cap  plate  is  fastened  on  the  head  of  the  stand  by  four  bolts. 
No.  1,  screwed  into  the  stand. 

This  plate  prevents  the  nut  of  the  screw  from  working  up, 
when  it  is  turned. 

Lever  Jack. — Plate  VIII. 

The  lever  jack  is  an  adjustable  fulcrum  for  a  long  lever;  it  is 
designed  for  use  in  siege  and  garrison  service. 

The  stand  is  made  of  oak,  and  consists  of  two  uprights,  con- 
nected by  a  transom  and  a  bolt.  No.  4,  A,  and  framed  into  a  bed, 
or  block  of  wood,  to  which  they  are  fastened  by  wooden  pins. 

The  fulcrum  is  an  iron  pin  which  is  inserted  in  holes  in  the 
uprights  of  the  stand,  at  any  required  height.  The  pin  is  fastened 
to  the  stand  by  a  chain,  consisting  of  fifteen  links,  No.  4,  and 
three  rings,  No.  2,  A,  held  by  an  eye  pin,  No.  1. 

The  LEVER  is  made  of  oak,  15  feet  long. 

Two  plates  of  wrought  iron,  with  notches  to  fit  on  the  fulcrum 
pin,  are  fastened  to  the  lever,  near  one  end,  by  six  screws,  2.5 
inch,  No.  16, 


ARTILLERY 


PART   TENTH. 


Correction— Par/  Xinth. 


Page  IS— after  line  15,  add,  "  lv:o  lires, 


FIELD,  SIEGE  AND  GARRISON  ARTILLERY 


"libra  HI 

UNIVERSITY  OF 

CALIFORNIA.^ 


18  4  8. 


PART    TENTH. 


IMPLEMENTS,  EClUIPMENTS  AND  TOOLS. 

The  Plates  of  this  part  represent  chiefly  those  implements, 
equipments  and  tools  which  are  fabricated  at  the  arsenals,  for 
the  service  of  field,  siege  and  garrison  artillery.  It  has  not  been 
thought  necessary  to  present  drawings  of  the  ordinary  tools  which 
are  procured  by  purchase  for  the  use  of  the  workmen,  and  which 
are  embraced  in  the  equipment  lists. 

For  the  implements,  equipments  and  tools  for  the  service  of 
mountain  artillery,  see  Part  5. 

PLATE   I. 

Rammer  heads.  They  are  made  of  beech,  elm,  or  other 
tough  wood.  The  corners  of  the  large  end  are  slightly  rounded. 
The  neck  has  a  band,  of  sheet  copper  No.  18,  fastened  by  three 
copper  nails,  .5  inch  long. 

The  rammers  for  howitzers  are  countersunk,  as  shown  in  the 
plate,  to  receive  the  head  of  the  fuze. 

The  head  is  bored  for  the  tenon  of  the  staff  to  which  it  is 
fastened  with  a  wooden  pin,  .3  inch  thick. 

Sponge  heads.  They  are  made  of  poplar,  elm,  &c.  The  head 
is  bored  for  the  tenon  of  the  staff  and  fastened  by  two  wooden  pins. 

Sponges  are  made  of  woollen  yarn,  woven  into  a  warp  of  hemp 
or  flax  thread,  making  a  tissue  about  half  an  inch  thick,  which  is 
sewed  up  in  the  form  of  a  bag  that  fits  the  sponge  head,  to  which 
it  is  fastened  with  copper  nails  1  inch  long,  driven  into  the  inner 
end  of  the  block,  near  the  staff;  a  strip  of  leather  is  put  under  the 
heads  of  the  nails. 


2  PART    10. — IMPLEMENTS  AND  EQUIPMENTS. 

Sponge  covers.,  They  are  made  of  strong  linen,  or  canvas, 
painted.  The  diameter  of  the  bag  is  equal  to  that  of  the  bore  of 
the  gun;  the  length  is  sufficient  to  allow  of  the  mouth  being  drawn 
together,  round  the  staff,  by  means  of  a  cord  inserted  in  a  hem. 

This  length  is: 

For  the  6-pounder  sponge 9  inches. 

"    12-pounder  and  18-pounder  sponges      .11       " 
*'    24-p'dr,  32-p'dr,  and  42-pMr  sponges   .   12       " 

A  loop  of  canvas,  sewed  to  the  bottom,  serves  to  pull  off  the 
cover  by.  They  are  marked,  in  white,  with  the  calibre  of  the 
gun  to  which  they  belong. 

Staves,  for  rammers  and  spoi  ges,  are  made  of  tough  ash.  They 
are  turned  in  the  lathe,  with  tenons  and  shoulders  where  they 
enter  the  implement  heads. 

The  rammer  and  the  sponge  for  a  field  gun  or  howitzer,  or  a 
mortar,  are  attached  to  the  same  staff;  for  siege  and  garrison  guns 
and  howitzers,  they  are  on  separate  staves. 

For  the  coehorn  mortar,  the  sponge  is  attached  to  the  rammer 
staff  which  forms  the  sponge  and  rammer  heads. 

For  the  columbiads,  separate  woollen  sponges  are  provided  for 
wiping  the  chamber  and  the  bore.  For  these  pieces,  stiff  hair 
brushes  are  also  used  occasionally,  in  order  to  clean  the  bore  and 
chamber  more  easily  and  thoroughly.  The  brushes  are  cylindri- 
cal, with  hemispherical  ends,  made  to  fit  the  bore  or  chamber. 

PLATE    II. 

Ladle  heads.  They  are  made  in  the  same  manner  as  rammer 
heads,  and  of  the  same  kinds  of  wood. 

All  the  implement  heads  should  be  perfectly  seasoned,  and 
should  be  saturated  with  linseed  oil,  to  preserve  them  in  service. 

Ladles  are  made  of  sheet  copper  No.  18.  The  outer  corners 
are  rounded  wdth  a  radius  of  2  to  3.5  inches.     The  bands  are 


IMPLEMENTS.  6 

brazed  together;  the  scoop  is  planished  with  a  hammer  to  stiffen 
it.  The  ladle  is  fastened  to  the  head  with  from  6  to  10  copper 
nails,  1  inch  long. 

Staves  for  ladles  are  made  like  those  for  rammers  and  sponges; 
they  are  fastened  to  the  heads  with  wooden  pins. 

Worms  and  staves. 

Worms  are  made  of  iron,  twisted  into  the  forms  represented 
in  the  drawing;  one  for  siege  and  garrison  guns,  the  other  for 
field  guns. 

The  worm  is  fastened  to  its  staff  with  one  iron  rivet,  .25  inch 
thick. 

Staves  for  worms  are  made  of  ash,  like  those  for  rammers,  &c. 

PLATE    III. 

Trail  handspike,  for  field  gun  carriages.  It  is  made  of  hick- 
ory, or  tough  oak.  The  stop  is  of  iron;  it  has  a  shoulder  under 
the  head;  the  stem  passes  through  the  wood,  and  the  point  is 
clinched  and  filed  down  smooth.  The  strap  is  fastened  by  one 
rivet,  .25  inch  thick;  it  has  an  eye  for  the  ring,  which  is  made  of 
wire   3  inch  thick. 

Man(euvring  handspike,  for  the  service  of  siege  and  garrison 
carriages,  gins,  &c.     It  is  made  of  hickory,  or  tough  oak. 

Shod  handspike,  for  the  service  of  garrison  carriages  and  of 
mortars.  It  is  made  of  hickory,  or  tough  oak.  The  shoe  is  of 
iron,  fastened  to  the  wood  with  three  rivets.  No.  2  C;  the  point 
is  roughed  with  a  file. 

Truck  handspike,  for  casemate  carriages.  It  is  made  of  round 
iron,  tapered  to  fit  the  holes  in  the  periphery  of  the  gun  carriage 
trucks. 


4  PART    10. IMPLEMENTS  AND  EQUIPMENTS. 

Roller  handspike,  for  working  the  eccentric  roller  of  the 
casemate  carriage;  made  of  round  iron,  tapered  to  fit  the  holes  in 
the  eccentrics. 

It  may  be  made  with  two  branches,  as  represented  in  Plate 
XIII  of  Part  7. 

Chock  for  casemate  carriage.  It  is  made  of  oak;  the  handle  is 
fastened  in  with  a  round  tenon.  The  chocks  are  used  on  both 
sides  of  the  carriage;  they  are  therefore  made,  in  equal  numbers, 
for  the  right  hand  and  the  left. 

Sponge  bucket,  for  field  gun  carriages.  It  is  made  of  sheet 
iron  No.  13;  the  top  and  bottom  are  turned  over  the  sides,  and 
fastened  each  by  four  rivets;  or  the  bottom  may  be  fastened  to 
the  sides  by  a  double  fold,  and  stiffened  with  a  hoop  shrunk  on 
above  the  seam. 

The  jioat  is  of  wood,  fastened  by  two  rivets  to  a  cross  bar;  it 
is  put  in  before  the  top  is  fastened  on.  The  handle  of  the  float  is 
fastened  to  it  with  two  rivets,  and  it  is  connected  with  the  bail  of 
the  bucket  by  a  chain  consisting  of  seven  linh,  No.  1,  (coldshut,) 
and  two  rings.  No.  1,  A.  The  bail  is  fastened  to  the  bucket  by 
two  ears,  each  held  by  three  rivets.  A  toggle,  which  is  fastened  to 
the  bail  by  two  links  and  a  swivel,  serves  to  attach  the  bucket  to 
the  eye  of  the  axle  strap  on  the  gun  carriage. 

Tar  bucket.  The  bucket  is  made  of  sheet  iron  No.  13,  like 
the  sponge  bucket.  The  cover  is  fastened  to  the  top  by  a  rivet 
on  which  it  turns,  and  it  is  kept  closed  by  shutting  over  a  stud 
riveted  into  the  top.  The  ears  are  fastened  to  the  bucket  each  by 
three  rivets;  a  ring,  for  suspending  the  bucket  on  its  hook,  is  con- 
nected with  the  ears  by  two  chains,  each  consisting  oi  five  links. 
No.  3,  and  one  hook. 

Water  bucket,  for  the  traveUing  forge  and  the  battery  wagon. 
The  staves  and  the  bottom  are  of  oak;  there  are  sixteen  staves, 
and  the  bottom  is  made  of  not  more  than  two  pieces.  Three  hoops, 
made  of  hoop  iron  No.  16;  each  hoop  is  joined  together  with  two 


EQUIPMENTS.  O 

rivets,  and  fastened  to  the  bucket  with  two  rivets.  Two  ears  let 
into  the  sides,  and  fastened  each  by  one  rivet.  The  bail  has  a 
link  connected  with  it  by  a  swivel. 

Water  bucket,  for  garrison  service.  It  is  made  in  a  similar 
manner  with  the  preceding,  except  that  the  bail  has  no  link  and 
swivel  attached  to  it. 

Portfire  stock.  It  is  made  of  oak  or  ash.  The  socket  is  of 
cast  brass,  fastened  to  the  stock  by  one  brass  rivet;  a  circular  plate 
of  copper  is  fastened  by  a  nail  on  the  head  of  the  stock,  in  the 
bottom  of  the  socket.  The  thumb  screw,  for  holding  the  portfire, 
is  of  brass;  the  inner  end  is  slightly  riveted,  to  prevent  its  being 
lost.     The  hook  is  of  iron,  driven  into  the  stock  and  clinched. 

Linstock,  made  of  oak,  or  ash.  The  point  is  of  iron,  fastened 
to  the  stock  by  one  rivet.  No.  2,  which  also  holds  the  ferrule. 

PLATE    IV. 

Prolonge.  It  is  made  of  3|-inch  hemp  rope,  of  four  strands. 
A  toggle  is  fastened  to  one  end  by  three  rings  and  a  thimble,  which 
is  worked  into  the  rope;  another  thimble  holds  a  hook  at  the  other 
end  of  the  rope;  the  splice  at  each  end  is  served  with  marline.  Two 
rings  are  lashed  to  the  prolonge  with  half-inch  marline;  for  which 
purpose  they  have  a  straight  side,  which  is  made  to  fit  the  pro- 
longe rope. 

Drag  rope.  A  4-inch  hemp  rope,  with  a  thimble  worked  into 
each  end;  one  of  the  thimbles  carries  a  hook.  Six  handles,  made 
of  oak  or  ash,  are  put  in  between  the  strands  of  the  rope  and 
lashed  with  marline. 

Men's  harness,  made  of  4-inch  rope,  with  two  thimbles  and  a 
hook,  like  the  drag  rope.  Six  loops,  made  of  bag  leather,  are  at- 
tached to  the  rope  in  pairs,  by  means  of  knots  worked  in  the  rope, 
or  by  leather  collars  sewed  to  the  rope  with  strong  twine. 


6  PART    10, — IMPLEMENTS  AND  EQUIPMENTS. 

Budge  barrel,  for  the  service  of  garrison  guns.  It  has  sixteen 
staves  of  oak;  the  bottom  is  also  of  oak,  made  in  not  more  than  two 
pieces.  Four  hoops,  of  sheet  copper  No.  18,  joined  by  two  rivets, 
are  fastened  to  the  barrel  each  by  Jive  copper  rivets.  The  cover, 
made  of  bag  leather,  is  fastened  under  the  upper  hoop  by  Jive 
copper  nails,  the  heads  of  which  are  on  the  inside,  and  by  the 
rivets  which  hold  the  hoop.  It  is  drawn  together  at  the  top  by  a 
.  double  cord  (five-eighths  inch  sash  cord)  passing  through  holes  in 
the  leather,  at  1.5  inch  from  the  top;  each  cord  is  six  feet  long. 
The  ends  of  these  cords  pass  through  a  conical  hood  of  bag  leather, 
which  covers  the  mouth  of  the  bag  when  drawn  together,  to  pro- 
tect it  from  rain,  or  from  sparks  of  fire. 

Pass  box,  for  garrison  guns.  It  is  made  of  white  pine;  the 
sides  and  ends  are  dovetailed  together;  the  bottom  is  let  in  be- 
tween the  sides  and  nailed  to  the  sides  and  bottom.  The  top 
has  a  clamp  framed  to  it  at  each  end,  with  a  tongue  and  groove, 
and  fastened  with  nails;  it  has  two  2-inch  iron  butt  hinges,  fast- 
ened each  with  six  screws;  a  strong  hook  and  staple,  of  brass  or 
iron,  keep  it  closed.  A  wooden  handle  is  fastened  diagonally  on 
one  end  with  two  1^-inch  screws. 

Quoin,  for  siege  mortar  beds.  It  is  made  of  oak.  The  old 
pattern  quoin  represented  in  the  plate  is  adapted  to  the  old  10-inch 
mortar  beds,  which  are  still  in  service;  the  new  pattern  quoin  is 
for  the  new  10-inch  and  8-inch  mortar  beds,  represented  in  Part 
8,  Plate  I. 

Fork,  ^  For  hot  shot.  These  implements  are  made  of 
Ladles,  [>iron,  with  wooden  handles;  their  form  and  dimen- 
ToNGS.     J  sions  are  shown  in  the  plate. 

The  fork  is  used  for  drawing  the  shot  out  of  the  furnace;  the 
ladles  for  carrying  them  to  the  gun;  the  tongs  for  picking  up  those 
which  may  have  fallen  on  the  ground. 


EQUIPMENTS. 


PLATE    V 


Portfire  case.  It  is  made  of  russet  sole  leather.  The  cover 
rests  on  the  top  of  the  case  when  it  is  empty,  and  on  the  portfires 
when  it  is  filled;  it  has  two  fiat  loops  for  the  straps  to  pass  through. 
There  are  two  round  loops,  one  on  the  case  and  one  on  the  cover, 
to  hold  the  portfire  stock.  Two  straps,  one  with  a  buckle,  (tinned,) 
the  o^her  a  billet,  are  sewed  to  the  case,  forming  a  shoulder  belt; 
the  buckle  strap  has  two  standing  loops. 

Tube  pouch.  The  sides  and  ends  are  made  of  russet  sole 
leather.  The  inner  cover  has  end  pieces  sewed  to  it  which  shut 
over  the  ends  of  the  pouch.  The  fiap,  or  outer  cover,  is  of  the 
same  piece  as  the  back;  it  is  fastened  down  by  a  strap  to  a  brass 
button,  which  is  riveted  to  the  bottom  of  the  pouch.  The  waist 
belt  passes  through  two  loops  sewed  to  the  back  of  the  pouch;  it 
has  a  buckle  and  a  standing  loop  at  one  end;  the  buckle  is  of  tinned 
iron.  Two  small  loops  are  sewed  to  the  inside  of  the  flap,  for 
carrying  the  priming  wire  and  gimlet. 

Havresack.  It  is  made  of  russet  bag  leather.  The  front  and 
back  are  connected  by  gussets  which  form  the  ends  and  bottom, 
and  allow  the  bag  to  be  folded  flat.  The  flap  is  of  the  same  piece 
as  the  back,  and  is  fastened  to  the  front  of  the  bag  by  a  billet  and 
a  buckle  strap.  A  billet  and  a  buckle  strap,  sewed  to  the  back  of 
the  bag,  form  the  shoulder  belt.     The  buckles  are  of  tinned  iron. 

Thumb  stall.  Made  of  black  buckskin;  the  pad  is  stufifed 
with  hair. 

Vent  cover,  for  guns  that  have  no  locks.  It  is  made  of  black 
bridle  leather;  a  pin,  of  copper  or  brass,  fastened  by  two  rivets, 
enters  the  vent,  to  prevent  the  cover  from  slipping.  A  billet  and 
a  buckle  strap,  with  a  black  buckle,  fasten  it  to  the  gun.  The 
length  of  the  billet  must  vary  with  the  diameter  of  the  piece  at 
the  vent;  that  in  the  plate  is  for  a  6-pounder  gun. 


8  PART    10. IMPLEMENTS   AND   EQUIPMENTS. 

Lock  cover.  It  is  made  of  black  bridle  or  harness  leather. 
The  cap  which  covers  the  lock  is  shaped  wet,  on  a  former.  Two 
billets  and  two  buckle  straps,  with  black  buckles,  fasten  it  on  the 
gun;  the  length  of  the  straps  being  proportioned  to  the  diameter 
of  the  piece. 

Lock  covers  and  vent  covers  are  also  made  of  sheet  lead,  and 
sometimes  of  malleable  or  annealed  cast  iron. 

Priming  horn.  The  bottom  is  made  of  ash,  dogwood,  or  other 
close  grained  wood;  it  is  cupped  on  the  outside  to  form  a  sort  of 
funnel  for  filling  the  horn;  the  filling  hole  is  stopped  by  a  wooden 
screw  plug,  to  which  one  end  of  the  shoulder  strap  is  sewed.  The 
bottom  is  fastened  to  the  horn  with,  four  brass  tacks.  The  other 
end  of  the  shoulder  strap,  (which  is  made  of  russet  leather,)  is 
sewed  round  the  neck  of  the  horn.  The  stopper  is  of  wood,  and 
is  attached  to  a  small  leather  strap  sewed  to  the  shoulder  strap. 

The  priming  horn  is  sometimes  made  with  a  brass  mouth-piece, 
in  the  manner  represented  also  in  the  plate. 

Cannon  lock.  The  lock  represented  in  the  plate  is  patented 
by  Mr.  E.  Hidden.  The  drawing  shows  the  lock  as  arranged  for 
field  guns,  and  for  others  that  have  no  lock  pieces. 

The  seat  is  of  cast  brass;  it  is  attached  to  the  gun,  on  the  left 
side  of  the  vent,  by  means  of  two  steel  steady  pins  and  one  screw 
pin;  a  small  brass  roller  is  set  into  the  rear  end  of  the  seat  for 
the  lanyard  to  pass  round. 

The  hammer  is  of  brass,  with  a  cone  of  hardened  steel  screwed 
into  the  head,  and  fastened  by  a  rivet;  the  hole  for  the  pin  on 
which  the  hammer  turns  is  oblong,  so  that  the  head  of  the  hammer 
is  drawn  back  by  the  same  pull  of  the  lanyard  which  causes  it 
first  to  strike  the  primer  on  the  vent. 

The  lanyard  is  a  piece  of  sash  cord  .25  in.  thick  and  6  feet 
long;  one  end  is  secured  to  the  shank  of  the  hammer  by  a  knot; 
the  other  end  carries  an  iron  toggle,  which  serves  for  a  handle, 


IMPLEMENTS.  9 

and  also  for  a  wrench  to  turn  the  ^^crew  pin  that  fastens  the  lock 
to  the  gun. 

For  guns  that  have  lock  pieces,  the  seat  of  the  lock  is  made 
with  a  flanch  to  fit  the  side  of  the  lock  piece,  to  which  it  is  fas- 
tened by  two  bolts,  with  thumb  nuts. 

Gunner's  quadrant.  It  is  made  of  well-seasoned  mahogany 
or  walnut.  The  arc  is  attached  to  the  straight  edge  by  a  groove 
and  three  tenons,  and  is  glued  in.  The  plummet  is  a  rifle  ball 
fastened  to  a  silk  thread,  which  is  hooked  on  a  brass  screw  pin  in 
the  centre  of  the  arc.  When  not  in  use  the  plummet  is  carried 
in  a  hole  in  the  end  of  the  straight  edge,  which  is  covered  by  a 
brass  plate  .  1  in.  thick,  turning  on  a  brass  screw. 

Gunner's  pincers.     They  are  made  of  iron,  with  steel  jaws. 

Fuze  mallet.  It  is  turned,  in  one  piece,  out  of  dogwood, 
oak,  or  other  hard  wood. 

Fuze  saw.     A  10-inch  tenon  saw. 

Shell  hooks.  They  are  of  iron,  consisting  of  two  branches 
joined  together  by  a  rivet,  and  connected,  at  the  upper  end,  by 
two  small  rings,  to  a  handspike  ring. 

Spatula.     Made  of  ash  or  hickory. 

Splint.     Made  of  white  pine. 

Scraper.  The  scrapei-  and  the  spoon  are  made  of  steel;  the 
handle,  of  iron. 

Pointing  wire.     Iron  wire,  No.  7. 

Dredging  box.  Made  of  sheet  copper  No.  21.  The  top  fits 
over  the  box,  and  is  pierced  with  holes  of  the  size  of  wire 
No.  21. 


10  PART   10. IMPLEMENTS  AND  EQUIPMENTS. 


PLATE    VI. 

Fuze  gimlet.     A  common  gimlet  .2  inch  diameter. 

Fuze  setter.  It  is  made  of  brass;  the  bottom  is  cupped,  to 
prevent  it  from  slipping  off  from  the  head  of  the  fuze. 

Fuze  auger.  The  bit  is  of  steel,  fastened  into  a  wooden 
handle;  at  the  lower  end  of  the  handle  is  a  brass  socket,  with  a 
bar,  under  which  the  graduated  limb  of  the  slider  passes.  The 
slider  is  of  brass;  it  slides  on  the  bit,  and  is  fastened  to  it,  at  the 
required  point,  by  a  steel  thumb  screw.  The  position  of  the 
slider,  which  determines  the  depth  to  which  the  auger  bores,  is 
regulated  by  a  scale  attached  to  the  slider  by  an  iron  screw. 

Shell  plug  screw.  It  is  made  of  iron,  and  is  used  for  ex- 
tracting the  corks  or  wooden  plugs  with  which  fuze  holes  are 
stopped.  • 

Priming  wire. 


..} 


^  ,  .  Made  of  steel  wire  No.  8. 

Gunner's  gimlet. 

Vent  punch.     Steel  wire  No.  8,  brazed  into  an  iron  head. 

Port  fire  cutter.  It  is  made  of  steel.  The  pin  is  .25 
inch  diameter. 

Copper  funnel.  Made  of  sheet  copper  No.  21.  The  upper 
edge  is  turned  over  to  stiffen  it. 

Copper  hammer.  It  is  made  of  cast  copper,  or  of  brass  com- 
position.    The  handle,  of  hickory. 

Tow  hook.  It  is  made  of  round  iron,  with  a  hook  at  one  end, 
and  a  small  hammer  welded  to  the  other  end.  It  is  used  for 
unpacking  ammunition  chests  of  field  carriages. 


IMPLEMENTS. 


II 


Powder  measures.  They  are  made  of  sheet  copper,  from 
No.  16  to  No,  20.  The  bottom  is  made  with  a  flanch  .1  inch 
deep,  turned  downwards,  and  it  is  brazed  or  soldered  to  the 
sides. 


Interior  dimensions  of  cylindrical  powder  measures. 


Contents. 

Diameter 
and  height. 

Contents. 

Diameter 
and  height. 

Lbs.  oz. 

Inches. 

Lbs.  oz. 

Inches. 

0    1 

1.337 

2    0 

4.240 

0    2 

1.685 

1 

2    8 

4.571 

0    4 

2.122     ; 

3    0 

4.857 

0    8 

2.673 

4    0 

5.346 

1    0 

3.368      1 

4    8 

5.560 

1    4 

3.628      \ 

6    0 

6.120 

1    8 

3.855      ! 

8    0 

6.736 

Fuze  extractor.  The  inner  screw  and  its  stem  are  made  of 
steel,  and  riveted  into  the  handle,  which  is  of  iron.  The  stem  is 
contained  in  a  hollow  screw  of  steel,  which  is  worked  up  and 
down  by  ineans  of  an  iron  nut  with  two  handles;  the  screw  being 
prevented  from  turning  by  a  slot  and  a  feather  in  the  frame;  the 
nut  is  kept  in  place  by  4  iron  set  screws,  the  points  of  which 
enter  into  a  groove  in  the  nut.     The  frame  is  of  cast  brass. 

In  using  this  fuze  extractor,  the  inner  stem  is  screwed  into  the 
fuze  or  plug  to  be  extracted,  by  means  of  the  upper  handle,  and 
it  is  lifted  out  by  turning  the  nut  of  the  hollow  screw. 


12 


PART  10. IMPLEMENTS  AND   EQUIPMENTS. 


Gunner's  callipers.  They  are  made  of  sheet  brass,  with 
steel  points.  The  two  branches  are  connected  together  by  a 
brass  pivot,  fastened  on  the  upper  side  by  a  brass  washer  and 
screw;  to  prevent  the  screw  from  working  loose,  the  upper  end 
of  the  pivot  and  the  hole  in  the  washer  are  square. 

Besides  the  graduations  marked  in  the  drawing,  other  useful 
data  may  be  engraved  on  the  reverse  side  of  the  callipers. 

Tangent  scales.  They  are  made  of  sheet  brass  No.  13. 
The  bottom  is  cut  to  fit  the  base  ring  of  the  gun,  and  a  flanch  is 
brazed  to  one  side  of  it,  to  form  a  base  for  steadying  the  scale. 

The  notches  on  the  tangent  scale  indicate  each  quarter  of  a 
degree  of  elevation  of  the  piece,  by  placing  the  scale  on  the  base 
ring  and  using  the  highest  point  of  the  swell  of  the  muzzle,  (or 
the  front  of  the  muzzle  band,)  for  the  forward  point  of  sight 
The  heights  of  these  notches  for  each  degree  are  given  in  the 
plate,  from  the  following: 

Table  of  tangents  for  field  guns  and  howitzers. 


Degree. 

FOR  GUNS.       1 

FOR  HOWITZERS. 

6-pd'r. 

12-pd'r. 

12-pd'r. 

24-pd'r. 

32-pd'r. 

o  > 

Inches. 

Inches.  ! 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

1  15 

0.256 

0.333  1 

0.252 

0.289 

0.331 

1  30 

0.512 

0.667  ; 

0.484 

0.572 

0.657 

1  45 

0.769 

1.000 

0.714 

0.855 

0.983 

2  00 

1.025 

1.334 

0.945 

1.138 

1.310 

2  15 

1.281 

1.668 

1.176 

1.421 

1.637 

2  30 

1.538 

2.001 

1.408 

1.704 

1.964 

2  45 

3  00 

1.794 
2.051 

2.335 
2.670 

1.639 
1.870 

1.987 
2.271 

2.291 
2.618 

3  15 

2.307 

3.004 

2.100 

2.553 

2.943 

3  30 

2.563 

3.338 

2.330 

j   2.835 

3.269 

3  45 

2.820 

3.672 

2.560 

1    3.117 

3.. 594 

4  00 

3.077 

4.006 

2.791 

3.400 

3.920 

TANGENT  SCALES.  13 

Pendulum  hausse.  This  is  an  accurate  tangent  scale,  de- 
rived from  the  Russian  artillery  service. 

The  scale  is  made  of  sheet  brass  No.  13.  At  the  lower  end  is 
a  brass  bulb,  filled  with  lead.  The  slider  is  of  thin  brass,  and  is 
retained  in  any  desired  position  on  the  scale  by  means  of  a  brass 
set  screw  wath  a  milled  head.  The  scale  is  passed  through  a  slit 
in  a  piece  of  steel,  with  which  it  is  connected  by  a  brass  screw, 
forming  a  pivot  on  which  the  scale  can  vibrate  laterally;  this 
slit  is  made  long  enough  to  allow  the  scale  to  take  a  vertical  posi- 
tion in  any  ordinary  cases  of  inequality  of  the  ground  on  which 
the  wheels  of  the  carriage  may  stand.  The  ends  of  this  piece  of 
steel  form  two  journals,  by  means  of  which  the  scale  is  supported 
on  the  seat  attached  to  the  gun,  and  is  at  liberty  to  vibrate  in  the 
direction  of  the  axis  of  the  piece.  Thus,  in  any  ordinary  varia- 
tions, either  in  the  level  of  the  wheels  or  in  the  elevation  of  the 
gun,  the  scale  is  kept  in  a  vertical  position  by  means  of  the 
weight  in  the  bulb. 

The  seat  is  of  iron,  and  is  fastened  to  the  base  of  the  breech 
by  3  screws,  in  such  a  manner  that  the  centres  of  the  two  journal 
notches  shall  be  at  a  distance  from  the  axis  equal  to  the  radius  of 
the  base  ring. 

A  muzzle  sight,  of  iron,  is  screwed  into  the  swell  of  the  muz- 
zle of  guns,  or  into  the  middle  of  the  muzzle  ring  of  howitzers. 
The  height  of  this  sight  is  equal  to  the  dispart  of  the  piece,  so 
that  a  line  from  the  top  of  the  muzzle  sight  to  the  pivot  of  the 
tangent  scale  is  parallel  to  the  axis  of  the  piece;  consequently, 
the  vertical  plane  of  sight  passing  through  the  centre  line  of  the 
scale  and  the  top  of  the  muzzle  sight,  will  be  also  parallel  to  the 
axis,  in  any  position  of  the  piece;  the  tangent  scale  will,  there- 
fore, always  indicate  correctly  the  angle  which  the  line  of  sight 
makes  with  the  axis.  • 

The  seat  for  suspending  the  hausse  on  the  gun  must  be 
adapted  to  each  piece,  according  to  the  varying  inclination  of 


14 


PART  10. IMPLEMENTS  AND  EQUIPMENTS. 


the  base  of  the  breech  to  the  axis.  The  hausse,  the  seat  and 
the  muzzle  sight,  are  marked  for  the  kind  of  gun  to  which  they 
belong.  The  hausse,  when  not  in  use,  is  carried  in  a  leather 
pouch  suspended  to  a  shoulder  strap. 

The  drawing  represents  the  hausse  for  a  6-pounder  gun. 

The  graduations  on  the  scale  are  the  tangents  of  each  quarter 
of  a  degree,  to  a  radius  equal  to  the  distance  between  the  muzzle 
sight  and  the  centre  of  the  journal  notches,  which  are,  in  all 
cases,  one  inch  in  rear  of  the  base  ring. 

Tangent  scales  for  pendulum  hausses  for  field  guns  and  howitzers. 


FOR  GUMS. 

FOB 

HOWITZERS. 

6-pdr. 

12-pdr. 

12-pdr. 

24-pdr. 

32-pdr. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

Radius  of 
base  ring  ] 

5.15 

6.5 

5.0 

6.0 

6.9 

Dispart  .  . 

1.025 

1.33 

0.9 

1.125 

1.3 

Height  of  muzzle 
sight. 

Tang.    lO 

1.042 

1.349 

0.931 

1.138 

1.310 

20 

2.084 

2.698 

1.862 

2.275 

2.621 

30 

3.124 

4.046 

2.792 

3.412 

3.933 

40 

4.164 

5.392 

3.722 

4.548 

5.248 

50 

5.203 

6.737 

4.650 

5.683 

6.566 

TOOLS. 


PLATE   VII. 


15 


Maul.  It  is  made  of  hickory,  or  other  tough  wood,  with  a 
band  of  iron  on  each  end;  the  handle,  made  of  ash,  is  fastened  in 
with  a  wedge. 

Mortar  tompion.  It  is  made  of  two  pieces  of  oak,  or  other 
hard  plank,  fastened  together  by  nails  and  by  an  eye  pin  No.  2, 
for  the  ring,  which  is  clinched  on  the  inside. 

Pick  axe.  The  axe  is  made  of  iron,  with  steel  blade  and 
point;  the  handle,  of  hickory  or  ash. 

Felling  axe.  It  is  the  common  wood-cutter's  axe,  with 
strong,  steel  blade;  the  handle  is  of  hickory. 

Shovel.  The  blades  of  the  best  shovels  are  made  of  steel, 
with  an  iron  socket  for  the  handle,  which  is  of  hickory  or  ash. 
An  eye  strap  with  a  ring  is  fastened  with  a  rivet,  to  the  handle  of 
the  shovel  which  is  to  be  carried  on  the  caisson. 

Hand  bill,  (or  bill  hook.)  The  blade  is  made  of  iron,  with 
steel  edges;  it  has  a  shank  which  passes  through  the  handle  and 
is  riveted  on  the  head;  the  handle  is  of  hickory,  walnut,  &c. 

Screw  jack.  This  is  a  light  jack,  suitable  for  field  service. 
The  stand  is  of  cast  iron;  it  is  hollow,  and  has  an  opening  two 
inches  diameter  in  the  centre  of  the  bottom.  The  screw  is  of 
wrought  iron;  it  has  a  slot  cut  in  nearly  its  whole  length,  to  re- 
ceive a  feather,  which  is  let  into  the  neck  of  the  stand,  to  pre- 
vent the  screw  from  turning;  the  head  of  the  screw  is  roughed, 
to  prevent  the  weight  from  slipping  off.  The  nut  and  handles 
are  of  wrought  iron,  in  one  piece;  below  the  handles  a  groove  is 
turned  in  the  nut,  to  fit  the  inner  edges  of  the  cap  plate.  The 
cap  plate  is  of  wrought  iron,  made  in  two  parts;  it  lies  on  the 
head  of  the  stand,  to  which  it  is  fastened  by  four  screws;  it 
keeps  the  nut  down,  when  the  handles  are  worked. 

Anvil,  for  the  travelling  forge.     A  common  100  lb.  anvil. 


16  part  10. implements  and  equipments. 

Smith's  shovel, 


:l,     } 

I.     3 


^         ,  .  Made  of  iron. 

Smith's  poker. 

Smith's  broom.  The  handle  is  of  iron;  the  brush  is  made  of 
hickory  withes,  which  are  inserted  in  a  slit  in  the  handle. 

Smith's  tongs.  They  are  made  of  various  sizes,  according  to 
the  dimensions  given  in  the  plate. 

Shoeing  box.  It  is  made  of  white  pine;  it  has  a  partition  in 
the  middle  lengthways,  and  a  small  division  for  nails  in  one  cor- 
ner. The  handle  is  a  rod  of  round  iron  placed  over  the  middle 
partition  and  fastened  by  two  screws  in  each  end,  the  ends  of  the 
rod  being  flattened  for  the  purpose;  a  piece  is  cut  out  of  the  par- 
tition, to  make  room  for  the  hand. 

PLATE  VIII. 

Sledge  hammer,   ^      The  faces  and  edges  are  of  steel;  the 

Hand  hammer,       [>  handles  of    smiths'    hammers,    chisels, 

Nail  hammer.        J   and  punches,  are  made  of  hickory. 

Riveting  hammer.     Made  of  steel. 

Shoeing  hammer.  The  head  is  faced  with  steel;  the  body 
and  claws  are  of  iron. 

Creaser.  It  is  of  steel,  for  cutting  the  creases  in  horse 
shoes. 

Fore  punch.  Of  steel;  for  making  the  nail  holes  in  horse 
shoes. 

The  creaser  and  fore  punch  may  be  fastened  to  the  same  handle. 

Chisels,  for  hot  iron.  There  are  two  kinds;  one  with  a 
straight  cutting  edge;  the  other  rounding,  being  convex  on  one 
side  and  concave  on  the  other.     They  are  of  steel. 

Chisel,  for  cold  iron.  It  is  made  with  a  thicker  blade  than 
those  for  hot  iron. 

Hardie.  It  is  made  of  steel;  the  shank  fits  the  square  hole 
in  the  anvil. 


TOOLS.  17 

Buttress.  The  blade  is  of  steel,  welded  to  an  iron  rod;  the 
handle  is  of  wood,  with  a  copper  ferrule. 

Shoeing  knife.  A  bent  steel  blade,  sharpened  on  both  edges, 
and  fixed  to  a  wooden  handle,  by  a  copper  ferrule  and  a  rivet. 
It  may  take  the  place  of  the  buttress,  in  shoeing  horses. 

Pritchell.  Of  steel;  for  opening  the  nail  holes  in  horse 
shoes. 

Clinching  iron.     For  clinching  horse  shoe  nails. 

Shoeing  pincers.     Made  of  iron,  with  steel  jaws. 

Vice,  for  the  travelling  forge.  The  female  screw,  the  thread 
of  which  is  generally  brazed  in,  is  better  cut  out  of  the  solid 
iron,  by  making  the  cylindrical  nut  open  at  both  ends;  the  cap  is 
fastened  to  it  after  the  screw  is  cut. 

The  fixed  jaw  of  the  vice  is  fastened  to  the  stock  of  the  forge 
wagon  by  means  of  a  shackle,  which  is  connected  by  two  keys 
with  the  head  of  the  rear  lunette  bolt.  This  bolt  also  fastens 
under  the  stock  a  step,  in  which  the  lower  end  of  the  fixed  jaw 
of  the  vice  enters,  and  is  secured  by  a  nut. 

Tire  circle.  It  is  made  of  iron,  with  a  wooden  handle 
which  has  a  copper  ferrule. 

Bench  stake.     Made  of  iron,  and  faced  with  steel. 

Smith's  callipers.     Made  of  iron. 

Die  stock.  Made  of  iron;  the  screw  of  steel.  The  V's  for 
holding  the  dies  occupy  two-thirds  of  the  length  of  the  opening 
in  the  stock,  to  leave  room  for  inserting  the  dies.  The  dies  are 
of  steel,  for  cutting  bolts  of  1  inch,  f ,  f ,  ^,  and  f  inch. 

Tap  wrench.  Made  of  iron,  with  four  holes  for  taps  of  vari- 
ous sizes. 

Nail  claw.     Made  of  iron. 

Breeching  vice.  The  stock  and  the  handle  are  made  of  iron; 
the  screw  of  steel.  There  are  two  holes  in  the  plate  for  bolting 
the  vice  to  a  bench.  The  jaws  are  of  steel.  Each  jaw  is  made  in 
two  pieces,  the  lower  piece  being  a  plate  which  is  fastened  with 


18  PART  10. IMPLEMENTS  AND  EQUIPMENTS. 

two  screws  to  the  under  side  of  the  jaw,  after  it  is  put  in  place,  to 
prevent  it  from  dropping  out. 

Fuller.     It  is  made  of  iron,  with  a  steel  face. 


PLATE   IX. 

Set  hammers.  They  are  faced  with  steel,  and  are  of  two 
kinds;  one  having  a  flat  face;  the  other,  half  round. 

Heading  tools.  They  are  made  of  iron,  and  faced  with 
steel.  The  tools  represented  in  the  plate  are  arranged  for  making 
the  bolts  and  nails  most  commonly  required  for  repairs  of  field 
carriages. 

Smith's  punches.  They  are  made  of  steel;  three  with 
wooden  handles,  and  four  hand  punches.  The  tire  punch  is 
used  for  countersinking  the  holes  for  bolt  heads  in  the  tire  of  a 
wheel. 

Cold  chisel.     A  hand  chisel,  made  of  steel. 

Tire  band,  or  clip.  Made  of  iron;  for  holding  a  broken  tire 
for  temporary  service.  The  thick  ends  are  bent  over  the  inside 
of  the  felly,  and  joined  together  by  an  iron  link  passed  through 
the  eyes.  For  convenience  of  packing  they  may  be  left  straight, 
until  required  for  use. 

Screw  wrench.  These  wrenches  for  nuts  are  generally  made 
of  malleable  cast  iron  by  the  tool  makers.  The  opening  of  the 
jaws  is  regulated  by  turning  the  rough  headed  screw,  which 
works  in  a  nut  that  forms  part  of  the  moveable  jaw. 

Hold  fast.  Made  of  iron;  for  the  use  of  carpenters  and  car- 
riasre  makers.  . 


TOOLS. 


19 


Armorer^ s  Tools. 

Breeching  wrench.     Made  of  iron. 

Soldering  irons.  The  point  is  made  of  cast  copper,  fastened 
by  two  rivets  to  an  iron  stock,  which  is  set  in  a  wooden  handle, 
having  a  copper  ferrule  at  the  small  end. 

Spring  clamp.  Made  of  steel;  for  holding  small  objects  in  a 
vice. 

Wood  clamp.  For  holding,  in  a  vice,  such  parts  of  arms  as 
might  be  bruised  by  the  iron  jaws  of  the  vice.  The  clamp  con- 
sists of  two  pieces  of  hoop  iron,  which  are  connected  together  by 
two  cross  pieces  of  iron  fastened  to  them  by  two  rivets  at  each  end; 
four  iron  Jaws,  of  the  same  width  as  the  hoops,  are  fastened  to 
their  upper  ends  by  eight  rivets;  two  wooden  jaws,  lined  with 
thick  leather,  the  whole  width  of  the  clamp,  are  fastened  to  the 
inside  of  the  iron  jaws  and  the  cross  bars  by  16  rivets. 

Spring  hook.  Made  of  steel;  used  in  taking  out  the  main 
spring  of  a  lock. 

Hand  screw  driver.  Blade  of  steel,  with  a  wooden  handle, 
having  a  ferrule  at  the  small  end. 

Barrel  scraper  and  wiper.  Made  of  iron,  in  one  piece; 
the  springs  of  the  scraper  are  of  steel. 

Straight  edge.     Made  of  steel. 

Bayonet  mandril.  Of  iron;  for  straightening  and  fitting  the 
sockets  of  bayonets. 

RiFFLER.  It  is  made  of  a  tapering  piece  of  steel  with  square 
edges,  which  are  cut  in  notches;  the  steel  is  then  twisted  into  a 
round  form;  it  is  fastened  into  a  wooden  handle,  with  a  copper 
ferrule.  It  is  used  for  filing  out  screw  holes  in  stocks  of  small 
arms. 

Armorer's  punches.  Small  steel  punches,  for  driving  out 
the  wires  of  band  springs,  &c. 


20  PART    10. IMPLEMENTS  AND  EQUIPMENTS. 

Drill  stock.  For  drilling  small  holes.  The  drill  is  inserted 
into  a  steel  stem,  on  which  two  wooden  pullies,  (in  one  piece,)  for 
the  string  of  the  drill  bow,  are  fastened;  the  upper  end  of  the 
stem  turns  in  a  b7'ass  socket  attached  to  a  wooden  handle;  the 
stem  is  retained  in  the  socket  by  a  small  screw,  the  point  of 
which  enters  a  groove  turned  in  the  stem. 

The  drill  bow  may  be  made  of  a  piece  of  elastic  wood,  or  of  a 
steel  ramrod,  about  24  inches  long,  with  a  string  of  catgut,  raw 
hide,  or  leather. 

Die  stock.  For  cutting  small  screws.  The  stock  is  of  iron; 
the  screw  of  steel.  The  shank  may  be  inserted  into  a  wooden 
handle,  as  represented  in  the  plate;  or  the  handle  may  more 
conveniently  be  formed  of  the  same  piece  as  the  stock,  about  .6 
inch  diameter.  The  dies  of  steel  are  held  in  place  by  V's,  as  in 
the  large  die  stock;  they  are  made  for  cutting  the  lock  screws  of 
small  arms. 

Reamers.  They  are  made  of  steel,  round  on  the  back  and 
flat  inside;  they  are  of  six  sizes,  as  shown  by  the  table  of  dimen- 
sions in  the  plate;  they  all  fit  the  same  brace  socket. 

Flint  screw  wrench.     Made  of  a  piece  of  a  steel  ramrod. 

Spring  vice.  Made  of  steel.  They  are  manufactured  at  the 
Armories  for  small  arms. 

Bevel  vice.  It  is  made  of  iron,  and  is  used  for  holding  cer- 
tain kinds  of  work  in  the  jaws  of  a  bench  vice. 

Oil  can.     Made  of  copper  or  tin. 


ARTILLERY. 


PART  ELEVENTH 


AMMUNITION  AND  PROJECTILES. 


1849. 


PART  ELEVENTH 


AxMMUNITION  AND  PROJECTILES. 


The  plates  of  this  Part  show  the  forms  and  dimensions  of  Artil^ 
lery  projectiles  2Lnd  of  the  sabots,  and  some  other  materials  em- 
ployed in  preparing  them  for  use;  als»  of  the  fixed  ammunition  for 
field  service. 

Instructions  in  detail,  relative  to  the  strapping  of  shot  and 
shells,  and  the  putting  up  of  fixed  ammunition,  are  given  in  the 
chapter  on  laboratory  work,  in  the  Ordnance  Manual.  A  few  par- 
ticulars, only,  will  be  mentioned  here  in  explanation  of  the  plates.- 

For  the  mountain  howitzer  ammunition  see  Part  5. 

-S^o/.— Plate  1. 

Solid  shot  are  of  the  calibres  of  6,  1*2,  18,  24,  32,  and  42: 
pounders,  for  field,  siege,  and  garrison  service.  8-inch  and  10- 
inch  shot  are  used  in  proving  mortars,  sea-coast  howitzers,  and 
columbiads,  and  may  be  occasionally  fired  from  the  columbiads,. 
in  service. 

Shot  are  made  of  good  grey  or  mottled  cast  iron;  they  are 
moulded  in  sand,  in  order  that  they  may  be  as  solid  as  possible. 

Canister  and  grape  shot  are  also  made  of  cast  iron.  Their  di- 
mensions are  shown  in  the  drawings  of  finished  canisters  and 
stands  of  grape.— Plate  lY. 


4  PART    11. — AMMUNITION. 

Shells.— Plsiie  I. 

All  shells  should  be  made  of  strong  cast  iron,  sufficiently  soft 
to  be  easily  reamed  at  the  fuze  hole.  They  are  moulded  in  sand. 
The  eyes  may  be  cored  out,  in  the  moulding,  but  they  must  be 
cleaned  and  dressed  to  the  required  dimensions.  The  fuze  holes 
of  all  shells  have  the  same  taper,  viz :  .  15  in.  to  1  inch.  They 
are  accurately  reamed  to  the  required  dimensions. 

Shells  for  mortars  are  of  the  calibres  of  8,  10,  and  13  inch. 
The  8-inch  mortar  shells  are  used  also  for  the  siege  howitzer. 
The  cores  of  these  shells  are  concentric  with  the  exterior. 

Shells  for  howitzers,  columbiads,  and  long  guns  are  reinforced 
at  the  fuze  hole,  in  order  to  give  a  greater  bearing  for  the  fuze,  to 
prevent  its  being  driven  in  by  the  shock  of  the  discharge.  These 
fuze  holes  are  designed  to  receive  a  plug,  or  bouching  of  wood  or 
brouze,  (according  to  the  calibre  and  the  charge,)  which  forms  a 
case  for  a  paper  fuze. 

Spherical  case  shot  are  also  reinforced  at  the  fuze  hole.  These 
shells,  being  very  thin,  should  be  made  of  the  best  and  strongest 
iron,  in  order  that  they  may  not  be  broken  in  the  gun. 

Carcasses. — Plate  I. 
Carcasses  are  shells  of  the  same  dimensions  as  mortar  shells  of 
like  calibre.     They  have  three  additional  holes,  like  the  fuze 
holes,  for  the  issue  of  the  flame  from  the  incendiary  composition 
with  which  they  are  charged. 

/S'a^o^s .—Plate  II. 

Poplar,  linden,  or  other  light  fine-grained  wood,  is  used  for 
making  sabots  and  cartridge  blocks.  The  wood  should  be  dry 
and  well  seasoned.  Sabots  must  be  accurately  turned  to  the 
given  dimensions,  which  should  be  verified  with  proper  gauges. 

Sabots  for  field  ammunition  of  all  kinds,  and  for  siege  and  sea- 
coast  howitzer  canisters  are  made  of  square  scantling ;  those  for 


STRAPPED  SHOT  AND  SHELLS.  O 

shells  for  siege  and  garrison  guns,  sea-coast  howitzers  and  colum- 
biads,  are  generally  made  of  plank. 

Cartridge  blocks  are  made  more  conveniently  of  scantling. 

Fuze  plugs. — Plate  II. 

Fuze  plugs  are  made  of  beech,  or  other  hard  close-grained 
wood.  The  wood  should  be  perfectly  seasoned  and  dried,  so  that 
it  may  not  shrink  after  being  worked.  The  plugs  are  turned  full 
to  the  given  exterior  dimensions.  The  small  fuze  plug,  repre- 
sented in  the  plate,  fits  all  the  field  shells  and  spherical  case  shot, 
except  the  32-pdr.  spherical  case,  which  requires  the  large  plug. 

Strapped  shot  and  shells . — Plate  III. 

Shot  for  field  guns  are  attached  to  sabots  by  two  straps  of  tin, 
passing  over  the  shot  and  fastened  to  the  sabot  by  one  nail  in  each 
end  ;  one  of  the  straps  passes  through  a  slit  cut  in  the  middle  of 
the  other  strap. 

Shells  for  field  howitzers,  and  spherical  case  shot  for  field  guns 
and  howitzers,  are  attached  to  sabots  by  four  tin  straps  con- 
nected with  a  ring  of  tin  which  is  placed  over  the  fuze  hole.  The 
straps  of  shells  for  guns  are  fastened  each  with  one  nail;  those 
for  the  12-pounder  field  howitzer  with  two  nails,  and  those  for  32- 
pounder  and  24-pounder  howitzers,  with  three  nails. 

Strapped  shells  and  spherical  case,  for  S'2-po2inder  and  24-pounder 
field  howitzers,  have  handles  made  of  cord,  .25  inch  thick,  which 
is  passed  through  holes  in  the  sabot  and  fastened  by  a  knot  on  the 
inside. 

Shells  for  siege  and  garrison  guns,  and  for  columbiads  and  sea- 
coast  howitzers,  are  attached  to  sabots  in  the  same  manner  as 
shot  for  field  guns.  The  fuze  holes  are  placed  in  one  of  the  an- 
gles, between  the  straps.  The  straps  are  fastened  at  each  end 
by  three  or  four  nails,  in  the  side  and  under  the  bottom  of  the 


6  PART  11. — AMMUNITION. 

sabot.  Shells  for  the  columbiads  and  howitzers  have  handles^ 
made  of  cord  .38  in.  thick,  fastened  to  two  loops  of  tin  which  are 
attached  to  one  of  the  straps. 

Canisters. — Plate  IV. 

Canisters  are  made  of  tin,  with  an  iron  plate  at  the  bottom  and 
a  sheet  iron  cover.  For  field  guns  and  howitzers  the  bottom 
plates  are  made  of  rolled  iron  ;  for  other  pieces,  of  cast  iron. 

Canisters  for  field  guns  and  howitzers  are  nailed  to  sabots. 
Those  for  the  32-pounder  and  24-pounder  howitzers  have  handles 
of  cord  attached  to  the  sabots. 

Canisters  for  S-in.  siege  and  sea-coast  howitzers  are  also  attached 
to  sabots.  They  have  handles  made  of  iron  wire,  fastened  by  a 
loop  of  sheet  iron  riveted  to  the  cover  of  the  sabot. 

Canisters  for  siege  and  garrison  guns  have  no  sabots  ;  the  ends 
of  the  tin  cylinder  are  cut  in  slits  and  turned  over  the  bottom 
plate  and  the  cover.  The  handles  are  of  iron  wire,  like  the 
preceding. 

Grape.— Flsiie  IV. 

^  stand  of  grape  consists  of  nine  grape  shot,  connected  toge- 
ther by  means  of  two  cast  iron  plates  and  two  rings,  of  wrought 
iron,  joined  by  a  bolt  which  passes  through  both  plates  and  is 
fastened  by  a  nut.  The  plates  are  countersunk,  half  their  thick- 
ness, to  serve  as  beds  for  the  shot.  The  handle  is  of  cord  .38  in. 
thick,  which  is  passed  through  two  holes  in  the  upper  plate  and 
fastened  by  a  knot  inside. 

The  stand  of  grape  for  S-in.  sea-coast  howitzer  is  attached  to  a 
sabot,  by  means  of  the  same  bolt  which  holds  the  plates  together, 
and  which  is  made  long  enough  to  pass  through  the  sabot. 


FIXED   AMMUNITION.  7 

Fixed  Ammunition. — Plate  V. 

For  field  guns  and  for  the  12-pounder  field  howitzer ,  all  the  am- 
munition is  fixed;  that  is  to  say,  the  projectile  and  the  charge  of 
powder  are  attached  to  the  same  sabot. 

For  the  ^i-pounder  and  the  S2-pounder  howitzer,  the  projectile 
is  attached  to  a  sabot,  and  the  charge  of  powder  to  a  cartridge 
block,  separated  from  the  projectile.  As  two  different  charges 
are  used  for  each  of  the  howitzers,  the  cartridge  blocks  are  of 
two  sizes,  in  order  that  the  finished  cartridges  may  be  of  nearly 
the  same  length,  so  as  to  fill  the  chamber  of  the  piece. 

The  cartridges  for  field  ammunition  are  protected  from  injury, 
in  transportation,  by  being  covered  with  cylinders  and  caps  of 
strong  paper. 

Plate  V  shows  the  form  and  dimensions  of  fixed  ammunition 
for  each  kind  and  calibre  of  field  ordnance. 


PART  11. — AMMUNITION. 


Bill  of  timber  for  100  sabots. 


DIMENSIONS. 

t 

1 

KIND  OF  SABOT. 

REMARKS. 

Wide. 

Thick. 

Long. 

o 
u 

In. 

In. 

In. 

Sup.  ft. 

2       ("Shot  and  sphericaH    6-pdr. 
^§  1      case (12-pdr. 

|^i.Cani.lers |  J-P^J; 

4. 

4. 

180 

20. 

Poplar,  linden 

5. 

5. 

225 

39.06 

or  maple ; 

4. 

4. 

250 

27.77 

clear  stuff,  and 

5. 

5. 

250 

43.40 

free  from  cen- 

tre heart. 

(  12-pdr. 

5. 

5. 

345 

59.79 

i 

Shells ^24-pdr. 

6. 

6. 

265 

66.25 

(32-pdr. 

6. 

6. 

265 

66.25 

."S 

(12-pdr. 

5. 

5. 

470 

81.60 

i 

Canisters <  24-pdr. 

6.25 

6.25 

470 

127.49 

5^ 

i32-pdr. 

6.75 

6.75 

500 

158.20 

^ 
1 

l.jSmall  charge  J  ^t?dr: 

5. 
5. 

5. 
5. 

125 

225 

21.70 
39.06 

||JLargecharge|^^:P^,- 

5. 
5. 

5. 
5. 

75 

100 

11.63 
17.36 

.    ,       .,       (Shells.... 
For  mountain  howitzer  I  Q^nister. . 

\- 

M 

300 
400 

52.08 
69.44 

f  12-pdr.... 

5. 

1.75 

500 

30.38 

For    shells    for    siege 

1         •                   "^ 

18-pdr.... 
24-pdr.... 

5.5 
6. 

1.75 
1.75 

550 
600 

36.76 
43.75 

and  garrison  guns.. 

32-pdr.... 

6.5 

1.75 

650 

51.34 

42-pdr.. . . 

7. 

2.38 

700 

80.99 

Canisters  for  8-in.  siege  or  sea-coast 

^8.5 
7.25 

8.5 

525 

263.41 

'  8-in .  sea-coast  howitzer  ) 
4.,    ,,     J      and8-in.  columbiad. .  5 
fehells.  <;  jQj^^  sea-coast  howitzer. 

2.38 

725 

86.87 

8.25 

2.38 

825 

112.49; 

10-in.  columbiad 

9. 

2.38 

900 

133.87 

ARTILLERY 


PART   TWELFTH. 


EQUIPMENT 


OF  GUN    CARRIAGES   AND   WAGONS 


FOR  THE  SfrRVICE  OF 


FIELD   AND    SIEGE    BATTERIES 


1849. 


PART  TWELFTH.    X,^^>     9<^ 


EaUIPMENT    OF    FIELD    BATTERIES. 


INTERIOR  ARRANGEMENT  OF  AMMUNITION  CHESTS  FOR  FIELD  GUNS 
AND  HOWITZERS. 

The  principal  divisions  of  a  chest  are  designated  as  the  right 
halfdjid.  the  left  half,  to  a  person  facing  the  front  of  the  chest. 

The  smaller  divisions  in  each  half,  perpendicular  to  the  sides, 
are  designated  as  first,  second,  third,  &c.,  from  the  principal  par- 
tition, each  way ;  the  divisions  parallel  to  the  sides  are  designated 
as  i\iQ  front,  middle,  and  rear  divisions. 

Ammunition  chest  for  the  ^-pounder  gun. — Plate  I. 

Eight  partitions,  (poplar,)  four  in  each  half,  perpendicular 
to  the  sides  of  the  chest.  The  partitions  are  supported  by  two 
strips  of  wood  at  each  end,  forming  a  groove  in  which  the  parti- 
tion slides  ;  each  strip  is  fastened  to  the  side  of  the  chest  with 
four  copper  nails. 

In  the  first  division  of  the  right  half  are  two  bolsters,  for  spheri- 
cal case  shot ;  one  fastened  to  the  principal  partition  by  3  screws; 
the  other  fastened  to  the  first  moveable  partition  by  3  screws. 

One  tray,  for  holding  equipments,  rests  on  the  partitions  in 
the  left  half  of  the  chest.  The  tray  has  two  sides,  two  ends  and 
one  bottom,  (poplar  or  white  pine.)     The  sides  and  ends  are 


4  PART  12. EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD  BATTERIES. 

dovetailed  together  and  fastened  by  12  nails;  the  bottom  is 
fastened  to  the  ends  and  sides  by  14  brass  screws.  Three  finger 
holes  are  bored  in  the  inside  of  the  ends,  to  lift  the  tray  by ;  and  a 
hole  is  bored  through  the  middle  of  the  bottom,  to  let  the  air 
escape  when  the  tray  is  lifted  out. 

Am.mu7iition  chest  for  the  \2-pounder  gun. — Plate  I. 

Six  partitions^  three  in  each  half,  perpendicular  to  the  sides  of 
the  chest,  supported  as  in  the  6-pounder  chest. 

Four  bolsters,  for  spherical  case  shot ;  one  of  them  fastened  to 
the  principal  partition  with  3  screws,  two  fastened  to  the  first  par- 
tition in  the  right  half  with  3  screws,  and  one  to  the  left  side  of 
the  second  partition,  right  half,  with  3  screws. 

The  second  and  third  partitions  in  the  right  half  are  made 
higher  than  the  others,  to  suit  the  height  of  the  canisters  fixed. 

Ammunition  chest  for  the  \2-pounder  howitzer. — Plate  II. 

Six  partitions,  three  in  each  half,  supported  like  those  of  the 
6-pounder  chest. 

Twenty-one  bolsters,  for  the  lower  tier  of  shells  and  spherical 
case  shot.  They  are  cupped  out  to  receive  the  balls,  and  have 
holes  bored  through  the  bottom,  for  the  fuzes  to  lie  in.  They  are 
placed  in  the  bottom  of  the  chest,  three  in  each  division,  except 
the  first  one  in  the  right  half;  they  are  fastened  to  the  bottom, 
each  by  4  sprigs. 

Twenty-eight  props,  for  the  upper  tier  of  shells  and  spherical 
case.  Four  of  the  props  are  placed  in  each  division,  except  the 
first  one  in  the  right  half.  Two  of  them  are  fastened  to  each  end 
of  the  chest,  two  to  the  left  side  of  the  principal  partition,  and 
two  to  the  right  side  of  the  first  partition  in  the  right  half,  each 
by  6  copper  nails. 


AMMUNITION  CHESTS.  fir 

The  rest  of  the  props  are  fastened  in  pairs  to  the  moveable  par- 
titions, each  by  6  copper  nails. 

Six  props  for  canisters,  (oak,)  in  the  first  division  of  the  right 
half;  three  fastened  to  the  principal  partition,  three  to  the  move- 
able partition,  each  with  3  screws. 

Ammunition  chest  for  the  2i-pounder  howitzer. — Plate  II. 

Eight  linings^  two  in  each  of  the  front  and  rear  divisions, 
fastened  to  the  ends  of  the  chest  and  to  the  principal  partition, 
each  by  6  copper  nails. 

Four  long  partitions^  two  in  each  half,  parallel  to  the  sides  of 
the  chest ;  they  are  supported  by  the  end  linings  and  by  two  up- 
right strips,  fastened  to  the  ends  and  principal  partition,  each  by 
4  copper  nails. 

Two  short  partitions  for  canisters,  in  the  rear  division  of  the 
right  half;  each  of  them  is  supported  by  4  strips,  fastened  to  the 
back  of  the  chest  and  to  the  long  partition,  each  by  3  copper  nails. 

Seven  short  partitions,  for  shells  and  spherical  case  shot  :  two 
in  each  of  the  front  divisions  ;  two  in  the  rear  division  of  the  left 
half,  and  one  in  the  middle  division  of  the  right  half.  These  par- 
titions sMde  into  grooves  made  each  by  two  upright  strips,  which 
are  fastened  to  the  sides  and  to  the  long  partitions,  each  by  4  cop- 
per nails ;  each  partition  is  formed  of  two  pieces  which  slip  into 
the  grooves,  one  over  the  other. 

Thirty-three  bolsters  for  shells  and  spherical  case.  Seven  of 
them  are  fastened,  at  the  bottom  of  the  chest,  to  the  end  linings  of 
the  two  front  divisions,  and  the  left  rear  division,  and  to  the 
principal  partition  in  the  right  middle  division,  each  by  2  screws. 
Twenty-four  of  the  bolsters  are  fastened  in  pairs  on  each  side  of 
the  short  partitions  of  the  two  front  divisions  and  the  left  rear 
divisions  ;  twelve  to  the  lower  half  and  twelve  to  the  upper  half  of 
the  partitions  ;  each  pair  fastened  by  3  screws  which  pass  through 


6  PART  12. EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD  BATTERIES. 

the  bolsters  and  the  partition.  Two  bolsters  are  fastened  to  the 
left  side  of  the  middle  partition  in  the  right  half,  one  to  the  lower 
and  one  to  the  upper  part  of  the  partition,  each  by  2  screws. 

Ammunition  chest  for  the  32-pou?ider  howitzer. — Plate  II. 

Six  long  partitions y  three  in  each  half;  one  parallel  to  the 
ends,  and  two  parallel  to  the  sides  of  the  chest ;  each  partition  is 
supported  by  4  strips  fastened  to  the  sides  and  ends  of  the  chest, 
or  to  the  other  partitions,  each  by  5  copper  nails. 

Four  short  partitions,  one  in  the  front  and  rear  division  of  each 
half,  made  in  two  pieces  and  fastened  in  the  same  manner  as 
those  of  the  24-pounder  howitzer  chest. 

Twenty-one  bolsters  for  shells  and  spherical  case.  Seven  of 
them  are  fastened,  at  the  bottom  of  the  chest,  to  the  ends  and 
cross  partitions,  each  by  2  screws.  Twelve  bolsters  are  fastened 
in  pairs,  as  in  the  24-pounder  howitzer  chest,  to  the  short  parti- 
tions in  the  left  half,  and  in  the  rear  division  of  the  right  half. 
Two  bolsters  are  fastened,  in  like  manner,  on  the  right  side  of 
the  short  partition  in  the  right  front  division. 


AMMUNITION  CHESTS. 
AMMUNITION    CARRIED    IN    EACH   CHEST. 


KIND. 

NO. 

PLACE. 

FOR  6-POUNDER  GDN. 

Shot,  fixed 

35 

5 
10 
2 
2 
5 
3 

60 

40 

20 

6 

4 

In  the  left  half,  and  in  4th  and  5th  divi- 

Spherical case,  fixed 

sions  of  right  half. 
In  1st  division,  right  half. 
In  2nd  and  3d  divisions,  right  half. 
On  the  spherical  case. 

/  In  the  fuze  pouch,  or  in  bundles  in  the 
^      tray. 

Spare  cartridges,  1^  lb 

C  2  sec 

Fuzes...  <  3  sec 

(  4  sec 

Percussion  primers 

Friction  primers 

/  In  the  tube  pouch,  or  in  bundles  in  the 

Priming  tubes. 

i      iray. 

Slow  match,  yards 

Portfires 

>  On  the  ammunition  in  right  half. 

FOR   12-POUNDER   GUN. 

Shot,  fixed 

20 

8 

4 

2 

2 

8 

3 

3 

40 

25 

20 

6 

4 

In  left  half,  &  in  4th  division  of  right  half. 
In  1st  and  2nd  divisions,  right  half. 
In  3d  division,  right  half. 
On  the  spherical  case. 

Spherical  case,  fixed 

Canisters,  fixed 

Spare  cartridges,  2|  lbs 

r  2  sec 

■nt              13  sec 

In  fuze  pouch,  or  in  bundles  in  the 
j       tray. 

^"^""••- J4sec :;::. 

'  5  sec. 

Percussion  primers.  • 

< 

Friction  primers 

f  In  tube  pouch,  or  in  bundles  in  the 

Priming  tubes 

(       tray. 

Slow  match,  yards 

< 

Port  fires 

i  On  the  ammunition  in  right  half. 

FOR  13-POUNDER  HOWITZER. 

Shells,  fixed 

15 

20 

4 

17 

35 

18 

50 

30 

20 

6 

4 

In  3d,  4th,  and  5th  divisions,  right  half. 

In  left  half. 

In  1st  division,  right  half. 

/  In  the  fuze  pouch,  or  in  bundles,  on  the 
(       canisters,  &c. 

Spherical  case,  fixed 

Canisters,  fixed 

\  2  sec 

Fuzes...  <  3  sec 

/  4  sec 

Percussion  primers 

) 

Friction  primers., , 

f  In  tube  pouch,  or  in  bundles,  on  the 

Priming  tubes 

I       canisters,  &c. 

Slow  match,  yards 

< 

Portfires 

>  On  the  canisters. 

PART   12. — EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD  BATTERIES. 

Ammunition  in  each  chest — Continued. 


FOR  24-POUNDER  HOWITZER. 


Shells,  strapped 

Spherical  case,  strapped. 
Canisters 


Cartridges. 


Fuze 


Small  charge. 
Large  charge. 


Percussion  primers. 
Friction  primers. . . . 

Priming  tubes 

Slow  match,  yards . 
Port  fires 


12 

8 
3 

23 


6 

20 

7 
7 

30 

20 

10 

6 

4 


In  left  half. 

In  front  and  middle  divisions  of  right  half. 

In  rear  divisions  of  right  half. 

12  in  middle  division ,  left  half;  9  in  middle 

division,  right  half;  2  on  canisters. 
On  canisters. 


As  for  12-pounder  howitzer. 


FOR  32-POIINDER  HOWITZER. 


Shells,  strapped 

Spherical  case,  strapped. 


Canister. 


Cartridges.  I  ^--^t:^-; 


Fuzes 


■I 


2  sec. 
sec. 
sec. 
sec. 

Percussion  primers. 
Friction  primers.... 
Priming  tubes 

Slow  match,  yards. 
Port  fires 


15 
1 

4 

14 

5 

5 

20 
15 
10 

6 

A 


Front  and  rear  divisions  of  left  half. 
Rear  divisions,  and  right  front  division  of 

right  half. 
Left  front  division,  right  hedf. 

1st  division  in  each  half. 


In  fuze  pouch,  or  in  the  middle  divi- 
sions. 


In  tube  pouch,  or  in  the  middle  divi- 
sions. 


> 


middle  divisions. 


GUN  CARRIAGE  AND  CAISSON. 

Implements  and  equipments  for  field  carriages. 


KIND. 

NO. 

PLACE. 

FOR    A   GUN   OR  HOWITZER 
CARRIAGE. 

Sponges  and  rammers 

2 
2 

j 

On  the  gun  carriage. 

Spon°"e  bucket ..•■•... 

Prolono'e 

Linstock  ..••>•.... 

On  the  gun. 
On  the  limber. 

Lock 

Tar  bucket 

Watering  bucket,  (leather).. 

Gunner's  havresacks 

Tube  pouch 

Vent  punch  ..*......••<... 

.  In  the  implement  trays,  or  in  other  va- 

Gunner's pincers 

cant  spaces  in  the  ammunition  chest. 

Tow  hook 

1 

Thumb  stalls 

) 

>  In  the  tube  pouch. 

In  the  fuze  pouch 
Strapped  on  the  ammunition  chest. 

Lanyard  for  friction  primers. 
Gunner's  gimlet 

Fuze  plug  reamer 

Tarpaulin,  large 

FOR   A    CAISSON. 

Felling  axe 

Shovel,  long  handle 

Pick  axe 

In  the  places  provided  for  them  on  the 
caisson  body. 

Spare  handspike 

Spare  pole. 

Spare  wheel 

Tow  hooks 

Tar  bucket 

caisson  chest. 
\  On  the  limber. 
Strapped  on  the  limber  chest. 

Watering  bucket,  (leather).. 
Tarpaulin,  large. 

Two  pairs  of  straps  for  the  tarpaulins  are  fastened  with  screws 
to  the  edges  of  the  lid  of  the  limber  chest.     The  straps  are  1.25 
inch  wide ;  the  front  straps,  24  inches  long ;  the  rear,  10  inches 
long,  with  buckles. 
2 


01  PART  12. — EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD  BATTERIES. 

Screws  and  nails  for  interior  of  ammunition  chests. 


DESIGNATION. 


6-POUNDER   GUK. 

«           <i  For  2  bolsters  for  spher.  case. . 
Scretcs  J    "    tray 

.AToib,  for  groove  strips 

12-POUNDER   GUN. 

C  For  2  single  bolsters 

Screws}    "    2  double    do 

(    "    tray 

J^ails,  for  groove  strips 

12-POUNDER    HOWITZER. 

«           <  For  3  bolsters  for  canisters. . . . 
Screws  ^    ..    3     ^^ 

j^  ..      (  For  bottom  bolsters 

(    •'    upper  bolsters  and  strips. . 

24-POUNDER   HOWITZER. 

«  ^,,„.  S  For  9  single  bolsters 

Screws  J    ,,    12  pairs  double  do 

J^ailSf  for  linings  and  strips 

32-POUNDER  HOWITZER. 

c.  <  For  9  single  bolsters 

Screws  J    .,    6  pairs  double  do 

J^ails,  for  strips 


Number. 

Size. 

Length. 

6 
14 

No.  14 
No.  12 

1.25 
1. 

128 

3d 

1.13 

6 

3 

14 

No.  14 
No.  14 
No.  12 

1.25 

2. 

1. 

96 

3d 

1.13 

9 
9 

No.  14 
No.  14 

1.25 
1.5 

84 
264 

Sprigs 
3d 

1.5 
1.13 

18 
36 

No.  14 

No.  14 

1.5 

2. 

216 

3d 

1.13 

18 
18 

No.  14 
No.  14 

1.5 

2. 

200 

3d 

1.13 

Kind. 


Iron. 
Brass. 

Copper. 


Iron. 

Do. 

Brass. 

Copper. 


Iron. 
Do. 

Do. 

Copper. 


Iron. 
Do. 

Copper. 


Iron. 
Do. 

Copper. 


BOARDS  FOR  AMMUNITION  CHESTS.  ll 

BUI  of  hoards  for  interior  of  ammunition  chests. 


DESIGNATION. 


FOR  6-POUNDER  GUN. 

Partitions 

{bottom 
sides 
ends 

13-POUNDER  GUN. 

Partitions < 

{bottom 
sides 
ends 

12-POUNDER  HOWITZER. 

Partitions 

Bolsters  for  lower  tier 

Props  for  upper  tier 

Bolsters  for  canisters 

24-POONDER  HOWITZER. 

Partitions \ 

I 

Linings 

32-POUNDER  HOWITZER. 

Partitions < 


No.  of 
pieces. 


DIMENSIONS,  (rough.) 


Length     Width.  Thickness 


In. 

168 
22 
22 
20 


120 
54 
90 

8 

96 
13 
96 
54 


108 


In. 

11. 

20. 
10. 
11. 


12. 
14. 
20, 

7.5 

9. 

15.5 
10. 
12. 
10. 


15.5 
10.5 
8.25 
15.5 


16. 

8.5 


In. 

0.625 
.75 
.75 

1. 


0.75 
.75 
.75 
.75 

1. 

0.75 
2. 
1. 
1.5 

0.75 
1. 
1. 
1. 


es 

5 


Sup'I  ft. 

8.02 
2.29 
1.15 
1.53 


5.25 
3.06 
2.29 
0.86 
1.25 


9.69 
7.50 
7.5 

1.87 


7.75 
.94 
5.5 
5.81 


12. 
3.54 


Poplar. 

Do. 

Do. 
Oak. 


Poplar. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 


Poplar. 
Do. 


is  PART  12. EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD  BATTERIES. 

EQUIPMENT  OF  TRAVELLING  FORGES  AND  BATTERY  WAGONS. 

One  forge  and  one  battery  wagon  accompany  each  field  bat- 
tery. They  are  furnished  with  the  tools  and  materials  required 
for  shoeing  horses  and  for  ordinary  repairs  and  preservation  of 
carriages  and  harness. 

Other  forges  and  battery  wagons,  equipped  for  the  general  ser- 
vice of  the  army,  accompany  the  field  park  which  contains  the 
general  supplies  of  ordnance  stores. 

The  forge  for  the  field  battery  is  designated  by  the  letter    -  A. 

The  forge  for  the  field  park  "  "  -  B. 

The  battery  wagon,  for  the  field  battery  *'  -  C. 

The  battery  wagon  for  the  field  park  '^  D. 

EQUIPMENT  OF  A  FORGE  FOR  A  FIELD  BATTERY. 

Interior  arrangement  of  the  limber  chest. — Plate  III. 

The  chest  is  marked  :  Forge  A. 

There  are  five  boxes  for  tools  and  stores  ;  one  shoeing  box,  and 
one  can  lor  oil. 

The  boxes  are  marked  :  A,  Nos.  1,  2,  3,  4,  5. 

They  are  made  of  white  pine,  .75  in.  thick,  with  loose  covers 
of  the  same  thickness ;  the  covers  have  three  %  in.  holes  bored 
in  each  end,  to  lilt  them  by. 

Two  handles  of  double  leather  are  nailed  on  the  inside  of  the 
ends  of  the  boxes,  so  as  not  to  interfere  with  the  covers. 

The  sides  and  ends  of  all  the  boxes  for  the  forges  and  battery 
wagons  are  dovetailed  together,  and  fastened  with  ^d,  nails ;  the 
covers  are  made  with  clamps  on  the  ends. 


-TORGE  FOR  A  FIELD  BATTERY. 

Exterior  dimensions  of  the  boxes  for  Forge  A. 


13 


DESIGNATION. 

Length. 

Width. 

Depth. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

A,  Nos.   1,2,3 

17.8 

13.25 

7.5 

No.  2  has  a  partition  at  4.5  in.  from 
one  end. 

A,  No.  4 

23.5 

8. 

6.5    A  partition  for  oil  can,  at  5.25  in. 

from  one  end. 

A,  No.  5 

39.8 

9.8 

6.5 

Shoein^'  box . . . 

See  Part  10  •  Plate  VII. 

.... 

The  oil  can  is  made  of  tin,  to  hold  one  quart ;  it  is  five  inches 
square  and  four  inches  high,  with  a  neck  for  a  cork,  one  inch 
diameter  and  .5  in.  high,  near  one  corner. 

It  is  marked  :  A.  sperm  oil. 

Boxes  Nos.  1,  2,  and  3  are  placed  in  the  bottom  of  the  chest ; 
No.  1  against  the  left  hand  ;  No.  2  in  the  middle. 

No.  4  is  placed  on  top  of  Nos.  1  and  2,  against  the  left  end 
and  the  back  of  the  chest ;  the  division  for  the  oil  can  on  the  left 
hand. 

No.  5  is  placed  on  top  of  Nos.  1,  2,  and  3,  against  the  front  of 
the  chest. 

The  shoeing  box  is  placed  on  No.  3,  against  the  right  end  and 
the  back  of  the  chest. 

The  tools  and  stores  in  all  the  boxes,  and  in  the  forges  and  bat 
tery  wagons,  are  securely  packed  with  tow. 


14 


PART  12. — EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD  BATTERIES. 

Contents  of  the  limber  chest. 


smith's  tools  and  stores. 


100  lbs.  horse  shoes,  Nos.  2  and  3 

100  lbs.  horse  shoes,  Nos.  2  and  3 

50  lbs.  horse  shoe  nails,  Nos.  2  and  3. 

30  weishers  and  nuts,  No.  2 

]0  washers  and  nuts,  No.  3 

4  washers  and  nuts.  No.  4 

1  lb.  nails,  No.  1,  C 

1  lb.  nails,  No.  2,  C 

■20  tire  bolts 

5  keys  for  ammunition  chests 

8  linch  washers 

12  linch  pins 

2  feet  of  chains,  Nos.  1  and  2 

50  cold  shut  Slinks,  No.  3 

12  cold  shut  H  links.  No.  5 


PLACE. 


Box  A,  1. 
Box  A,  3. 
Box  A,  2;  large  division. 


Box  A,  2. 


2  hand  cold  chisels 

1  hardie 

12  files,  assorted,  with  handles 

1  buttress 

2  hand  punches ;  round  and  square. . . 

1  screw  wrench 

1  hand  screw  driver 

1  hand  vice 

1  pair  smith's  callipers 

4  taps . . 


Nos.  1,  2,  3,  and  4. 


4  prs  dies 

1  groce  wood  screws,  1  in.,  No.  14.. . 

1  quart  can  of  sperm  oil 

1  fire  shovel 

1  poker 

1  split  broom. 

1  hand  hammer 

1  riveting  hammer 

1  nailing  hammer 

1  sledge  hammer 

2  chisels  for  hot  iron. . . 

2  chisels  for  cold  iron . . 

3  smith's  tongs 

1  fore  punch 

1  creaser 

1  fuller 

1  nail  claw 

1  round  punch 

1  tap  wrench , 

1  die  stock 

4  nave  bands,  developed, 

2  tire  bands,  developed. . 


Box  A,  4. 


Box  A,  5. 


FORGE  FOR  A.  FIELD  BATTERY. 

Contents  of  the  limber  chest — Continued. 


15 


smith's  tools  and  stores. 


1  shoeing  box In  t^^e  right  end  of  the  chest ;  on  top 


1  shoeing  hammer. . 

1  pair  pincers 

2  rasps,  (12  inches.) 

1  shoeing  knife 

1  toe  knife 

1  pritchel 

1  nail  punch 

1  clinching  iron. .. . 

1  oil  stone 

2  leather  aprons. . . . 

1  iron  square 

1  tar  bucket 


In  shoeing  box. 


(  Fastened  on  the  inside  of  the  chest 
\      cover  with  two  copper  clamps. 
On  its  hook. 


Contents  of  the  forge  body. 
Box  A,  6,  of  the  same  dimensions  as  A,  1,  is  carried  in  the  iron 
room.     To  put  this  box  in,  or  to  take  it  out,  loosen  the  thumb 
nuts  and  raise  the  rear  of  the  bellows  an  inch. 


TOOLS   AND   STORES. 

PLACE. 

On  its  hook. 

1  anvil 

On  the  fire  plar.e. 

On  the  stock  of  the  carriage. 

On  the  vice. 

\  vice ......*•••... 

1  waterm"  bucket  leather..  ......... 

9^0  Ihs    hitniYtinoii!)  rnal   .............. 

1  In  the  coal  box. 

Box  A,  6;  in  iron  room. 

In  the  iron  room.     The  bars  not 

100  lbs.  horse  shoes,  Nos.  2  and  3 

100  lbs.  square  iron,  \  in.  and  |  in 

50  lbs.  flat  iron,  1^  in-Xl  in.,  1  in.X  §  in- 

V     more  than  3  feet  long ;  the  square 

5  lbs.  cast  steel,  4  in.  square 

iron  in  2  bundles. 

5  lbs.  English  blister  steel 

, 

Note. — 100  lbs.  of  horse  shoes,  assorted,  contain  90  shoes. 
1  lb.  horse  shoe  nails,  No.  3,  contains  140  nails. 
1  lb.  horse  shoe  nails,  No.  2,  contains  112  nails. 


16 


PART   12. — EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD  BATTERIES. 


EQUIPMENT  OF  A  BATTERY  WAGON  FOR  A  FIELD  BATTERY. 

Interior  arrangement  of  limber  chest. — Plate  III. 

The  chest  is  marked  :  Battery  wagon,  C. 

The  tools  and  stores  are  carried  in  four  boxes,  marked  C,  Nos, 
1,  2,  3,  and  4,  respectively,  and  in  one  oil  can. 

The  boxes  are  made  of  white  pine  .75  in.  thick,  with  leather 
handles  inside,  and  loose  covers,  like  those  of  the  limber  chest  of 
Forge  A. 

The  covers  of  Nos.  1  and  2  are  .75  in.  thick;  those  of  Nos. 
3  and  4  are  .5  in.  thick. 

Exterior  dimensions  of  the  boxes. 


DESIGNATION. 


C,  No.  1 
C,  No.  2 
C,  No.  3 
C,  No.  4 


Length. 

Width. 

Depth. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

17.8 

13.25 

7,5 

26.5 

17.8 

7.5 

39.8 

9.8 

6.25 

39.8 

8. 

6.25 

No.  3  has  a  partition,  at  5.25  from  one  end,  for  the  oil  can. 

No  4  has  two  partitions  perpendicular  to  the  sides,  making 
three  divisions,  15.8  in.,  10  in.,  and  11  in.  long,  respectively. 

The  oil  can  is  like  that  for  the  limber  chest  of  Forge  A,  and  is 
marked  :  C,  Sperm  oil. 

Boxes  Nos.  1  and  2  occupy  the  bottom  of  the  chest ;  No.  1 
against  the  left  end. 

Nos.  3  and  4  are  placed  on  top  of  Nos.  1  and  2 ;  No.  3  against 
the  rear  of  the  chest. 


BATTERY  WAGON  FOR  FIELD  BATTERY. 


17 


Contents  of  limber  chest  for  battery  wagon,  C. 


TOOLS   AND   STORES. 


CARRIAGE    maker's    TOOLS. 


2  hand  saws 

1  tenon  saw,  (14  in.). 


1  jack  plane 

1  smoothing  plane 

1  brace,  with  24  bits.. . . , 
1  spoke  shave 

1  gauge , 

2  plane  irons 

1  saw  set 

1  rule,  (2  feet) 

1  dozen  gimlets 

1  pair  compasses 

1  chalk  line 

S  bradawls 

1  scriber 

1  dozen  saw  files,  {^  in). 

2  wood  files,  (10  in.) . . . , 
1  wood  rasp,  (10  in.). , . . 
1  trying  square,  (8  in.).., 
1  hand  screw  driver 


1  oil  stone 

1  broad  axe 

1  hand  axe 

1  claw  hatchet 

1  claw  hammer 

1  pair  pincers,  (small) 

1  table  vice 

2  framing  chisels,  (1  in.  and  2  in.).. . . 
2  firmer  chisels,  (|  in.  and  1^  in.). . . . 

2  framing  gouges,  (1  in.  and  1|  in.). . 

3  augers  &  handles,  (|in.|  in.&  I  in.) 
1  screw  wrench 


1  fS  :";>""-■"- 

1  framesaw 

1  quart  can  of  sperm  oil. . . . 


SADLER'S  TOOLS  AND  STORES. 


1  mallet. 
1  clam. . 


Fastened  to  the  inside  of  chestcover 


BoxC,  1, 


Box  C,  2. 


Box  C,  3. 


t^  PART    12. — EQUIPMENTS  OF  FIELD    BATTERIES. 

Limber  chest  for  battery  wagon,  C — Continued. 


TOOLS   AND    STORES. 


FLACE. 


SADLER'S  TOOLS  AND  STORES. — (Cont'd.) 

1  hammer 

1  shoe  knife 

1  half  round  knife 

1  pair  shears , 

1  sand  stone .... 

1  rule,  (2  feet) 

100  needles 

12  awls  and  handles 

2  punches 

1  pair  pincers 

1  pair  plyers 

1  claw  tool 

1  creaser 

4  thimbles 

1  strap  awl 

2  lbs.  bees'  wax 

3  lbs.  black  wax 

8  oz.  bristles 

5  lbs.  shoe  thread 

2  lbs  patent  thread 

3  doz.    buckles,  (assorted,   .75  in.  to 

1.5  in.) 

3000  tacks , 

1  gunner's  callipers 

2  shoe  knives 

2  pairs  scissors 

1  tar  bucket 


.  Box  C,  4. 


On  its  hook. 


Interior  arrangement  of  wagon  body,  C. — Plate  V. 

A  TILL  is  placed  at  the  back  or  right  side  of  the  wagon  body, 
as  described  in  Part  2,  page  55. 

An  axe  rack  extends  along  the  whole  length  of  the  body,  on 
the  left  side,  11  inches  from  the  bottom;  it  is  2  in.  deep  and  1.5 
in.  wide,  and  is  fastened  to  the  side  by  the  middle  rivets  of  the 
side  studs,  and  by  5  wood  screws.  The  rack  has  notches,  to  hold 
three  axes,  a  hatchet,  and  three  hand  bills. 

Four  boxes,  for  stores,  marked:  C,  Nos.  5,  6,  7,  and  8. 

One  box,  marked:  C,  Candles. 


BATTERY  WAGON  FOR  FIELD  BATTERY. 

Exterior  dimensions  of  boxes  far  wagon  body,  C. 


19 


1 

DESIGNATION.    Length. 

Width 

Depth. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

C,Nos.5&6 

23. 

18.5 

11.25 

Withoutcovers..)j^^j^^f  j^^^^  wood, 

C,  No.7.... 

23.5 

20.25 

14. 

With  loose  cover,  i     -75  in.  thick. 

C,  No.  8.... 
Candle  box.. 

13. 
11. 

13. 
6.5 

5. 
5.5 

Divided  into  four  ^     Made  of  white  pine,  with 
equal  parts.        >  covers,  hinges,  and  hasps; 
)  stuff  .625  in.  thick. 

Seven  tin  cans',  two  marked:  C,  Neats'  foot  oil;  one  marked- 
C,  Linseed  oil;  one:  C,  Turpentine;  two:  C,  Olive  paint  ; 
one :  C,  Black  paint. 

Dimensions  of  cans. 


KIND. 

Capacity. 

Diam. 

Height 

REMARKS. 

For  neats'  foot  oil 

"    linseed  oil  &  turpentine 
"    olive  paint. . .  •  • 

2  gals. 
Igal. 
25  lbs. 
5  lbs. 

In. 
8. 

6. 

9.75 

7. 

In. 
11.5 

10. 

10.25 

8.5 

f  Rounded  tops  and  necks 
I     for  corks. 

^  Flat  tops;   opening  cov- 
\    ered  with  a  piece  of  tin, 

*'    black  paint 

Tbo  kegs,  for  grease;  exterior  dimensions: 

Diam.  at  the  bilge        -        -         10.5  inches. 
Diam.  at  the  heads       -        -  9.75     ** 

Height        .        -        -        .         12.5      '' 


W  PART    12. EQUIPMENT  OF    FIELD    BATTERIES. 

Contents  of  the  wagon  body,  C. 

Box  C,  No.  5  is  placed  on  the  bottom  of  the  wagon,  next  to  the 
pile  of  harness  which  occupies  the  rear  part  of  the  body.  Box 
No.  6  is  on  top  of  No.  5 ;  No.  7  on  the  bottom  of  the  wagon, 
in  front  of  No.  5;  No.  8  on  top  of  No.  7.  The  candle  box  in 
No.  6. 


TOOLS   AND    STORES. 


1  gallon  linseed  oil 

1  gallon  spirits  turpentine. 

50  lbs.  olive  paint 

5  lbs.  black  paint 


In  1  tin  can  "j 

"2    do:       BoxC,5. 
1    do.    J 


12  paint  brushes 

5  lbs.  sperm  or  wax  candles. . 

4  rammer  heads , 

4  sponge  heads 

12  sponges , 

3  priming  wires 

3  gunner's  gimlets , 

6  cannon  spikes , 

3  dark  lanterns , 

4  common  lanterns , 


In  candle  box 


4  gallons  neats'  foot  oil. 
50  lbs.  grease 


20  lbs.  nails,  (4d,6d,8d,10d). 


2  felling  axes . . 

1  claw  hatchet. 

2  hand  bills 


1  caisson  stock. 


3  rammers  and  sponges. 
40  spokes 


24  fellies 


1  grindstone,  14  in.  X  4in, 
1  arbor  and  crank  for  do . . . 


3  screw  jacks. 


Box  C,  6. 


In  2  tin  cans .  )  tj„^  n    1 
"2kegs....P°^^'  ^• 

Box  C,  8. 
>  In  the  axe  rack. 


Under  the  till,  against  the  side  and  rear  of 

the  wagon. 
On  the  caisson  stock,  against  rear  end. 
On  the  bottom ;  piled  lengthwise  against  the 

front  end. 
On  the  spokes,  crosswise. 

)  On  the  fellies,  against  the  left  side  of  the 
\      wagon. 

On  the  fellies,  against  the  front  and  the  till. 


Battery  wagon  for  field  battery. 
Contents  of  the  wagon  body,  C — Continued. 


21 


TOOLS    AND   STORES. 

PLACE. 

^ 

in  IpaHinP"  frar.fiss  ............... 

fi  collars • 

In  a  pile  occupying  30  inches  at  the  rear 

end  of  the  wagon,  between  the  left  side 

•     and  the  caisson  stock,  and  up  to  the  top 

of  the  till;    the  collars  piled   on   each 

other,  from  the  bottom. 

1  fi  p-irf  ha 

1  f!  \A/hins ...................... 

fi  bridles    .. 

fi  halters    

J 

\  On  the  harness. 
On  box  No.  7,  to  the  left  of  No.  8. 

6  pieces  sash  cord 

50  vards  slow  match. 

On  the  pile  of  harness. 

Under  the  till,  in  front  of  the  pile  of  har- 
\      ness,  and  against  the  caisson  stock. 

On  box  No.  7,  in  front  of  No.  8. 

1  pole  yoke • 

1  side  harness  leather. 

1  prolonge. 

4  scythes 

In  the  till,  against  the  front  end. 

In  the  curve  of  the  scythes. 

In  the  till ;  the  bits  against  the  rear  end. 

Between  the  spade  handles. 

On  the  scythes. 

On  the  corn  sacks,  against  front  end. 

Fagtened  to  the  ridge  pole  with  a  wooden 

clamp  and  a  leather  strap. 
Fastened  to  the  ridge  pole  with  two  leather 

straps  and  buckles. 
In  the  spare  stock  stirrup. 
Tied  to  the  forage  rack. 
In  the  forage  rack. 

4  scythe  stones 

2  pick  axes  and  2  handles 

24  corn  sacks 

2  tarpaulins,  5  feet  square 

4  reaping  hooks 

4  scythe  sneaths 

1  spare  stock  for  battery  wagon . 
1  watering  bucket 

Forage 

22 


PART  12. — EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD  BATTERIES. 


EQUIPMENT  OF  A  FORGE  FOR  THE  FIELD   PARK. 

Interior  arrangement  of  the  limber  chest. — Plate  IV. 

The  chest  is  marked  :  Forge  B. 

Four  boxes  for  tools  and  stores  ;  one  shoeing  box  ;  one  tin  can 
for  oil. 

The  boxes  are  marked  B,  Nos.  1,  2,  3,  and  4,  respectively. 
They  are  made  like  those  for  the  Forge  A. 

Exterior  dimensions  of  boxes  for  limber  chest  of  Forge  B. 


DESIGNATION. 

Length. 

Width. 

Depth. 

REMARKS. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

B,  No.  1 

17.8 

13.25 

7.5 

B,  No.  2 

26.5 

17.8 

7.5 

B,  No.  3 

23.5 

8. 

6.5 

Partition^ for  oil  can,  5.25  in. 

from 

B,  No.  4 

39.8 

9.8 

6.5 

one  end. 

Shoeing  box,  B. 

See  PART  10;  Plate  VII. 

The  oil  can  is  like  that  for  Forge  A  ;  it  is  marked  :  B,  sperm 

OIL. 

Boxes  Nos.  1  and  2  occupy  the  bottom  of  the  limber  chest ; 
No.  1  against  the  left  end. 

No.  3  is  placed  on  top  of  Nos.  1  and  2,  against  the  left  end  and 
the  back  of  the  chest. 

No.  4,  on  top  of  Nos.  1  and  2,  against  the  front  of  the  chest. 

The  shoeing  box,  on  No.  2,  against  the  right  end  and  the  back 
of  the  chest. 


FORGE  FOR  FIELD  PARK. 

Contents  of  limber  chest  of  Forge  B. 


23 


TOOLS   AND   STORES. 


4  nuts  and  washers,  No.  5 

6  nuts  and  washers,  No.  4 

10  nuts  and  washers.  No.  3 

45  nuts  and  washers.  No.  2 

2  lbs.  nails,  Nos.  1  and  2,  C 

20  tire  bolts 

1  lb.  rivets,  for  ammunition  chests. . . . 
20  washers  for  bolt  heads,  Nos.  3  and  4. 

5  keys  for  ammunition  chests 

1  pole  prop  socket  and  ferrule  * 

8  linch  washers 

4  shoulder  washers 

12  linch  pins 

2  feet  of  chain.  No.  2 

1  pintle  hook 

1  cap  square 

2  tire  bands,  (clips)  developed 


•BoxB,  1. 


2  heading  tools,  for  bolts 

1  heading  tool,  for  nails , 

2  tire  punches    ^ 
1  round  punch  S  with  handles. 
1  square  punch  > 

1  square  hand  punch 

1  round  hand  punch 

1  centre  punch 

1  key  punch 

1  set  hammer,  flat , 

1  set  hammer,  half  round. .... 

3  chisels,  for  hot  iron    )     .^,    ,       ,, 

2  chisels,  for  cold  iron  ^  ^'^^  ^^ridXeB. 

2  hand  cold  chisels. . . , 

3  smith's  tongs , 

1  nail  claw 

tire  circle 

bevel  vice 

hardie 

fuller 

hand  axe 


Box  B,  2. 


1  groce  screws,  1  inch,  No.  14. . . . 

1  small  hand  vice 

1  hand  screw  driver , 

6  taps...    K    •,    ,    5    3        J  ,  . 
6  pair  dies  5  i' «' 5.  s,  i,  and  Im. 

12  gimlets,  assorted 

3  small  punches 


Box  B,  3. 


M  PART  12. EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD  BATTERIES. 

Contents  of  limber  chest  of  Forge  B — Continued. 


TOOLS  AND  STORES. 


1  pair  spring  compasses 

12  files,  assorted,  with  handles. 

1  iron  wire  gauge 

1  scribing  awl 

1  pair  callipers 

1  bevel 

1  trying  square 

1  scriber 

1  buttress 

1  quart  can  of  sperm  oil 


Box  B,  3. 


4  nave  bands,  developed . 

1  hand  hammer 

1  riveting  hammer 

1  nailing  hammer, 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 


sledge 

fore  punch 

creaser 

screw  wrench 

smith's  shovel 

smith's  poker 

split  broom 

1  tap  wrench,  with  4  holes 

1  die  stock 

1  tracing  point 

2  augers,  I  in.  and  1  in.,  (with  handles) 

1  framing  chisel 

1  felling  axe 


>  In  Box  B,  4. 


shoeing  hammer, 
shoeing  pincers. . 
shoeing  rasps. .. 

pritchel 

nail  punch 

toe  knife 

clinching  iron. .. 

hoof  knife 

leather  aprons. . . 
oil  stone 


.  In  shoeing  box. 


1  iron  square. 
1  tar  bucket. . 


Fastened  to  inside  of  chest  cover. 
On  its  hook. 


FORGE  AND  BATTERY  WAGON  FOR  FIELD    PARK. 


25 


Contents  of  forge  body,  B. 

Boxes  B,  Nos.  5  and  6  of  the  same  size  as  A,  No.  1,  are  carried 
in  the  iron  room.  To  put  these  boxes  in  place,  loosen  the  thumb 
nuts  and  raise  the  rear  of  the  bellows  one  inch. 


TOOLS   AKD  STORES. 


1  water  bucket 

1  watering  bucket,  (leather) . 

1  anvil 

1  vice 


100  lbs.  square  iron,  (§  to  1  inch) 

501bs.flatiron,(l|XI,lX^,l|XT% 

l|X|in.) 

50  lbs.  I  round  iron 

10  lbs.  cast  steel , 


5  lbs.  English  blistered  steel 

200  lbs.  horse  shoes,  Nos.  2  and  3 

20  lbs.  horse  shoe  nails,  Nos.  2  and  3. . 


On  its  hook. 

On  the  vice. 

On  the  fire  place. 

On  the  stock  of  the  forge  wagon. 

In  the  iron  room. 
Bars  not  more 
than  3  feet  long. 
Square  iron  in  2 
bundles. 


250  lbs.  bituminous  coal. 
1  coal  shovel 


)  BoxesB5&B6; 
S  half  in  each. 


t  In  the  coal  box. 


EQUIPMENT  OF  A  BATTERY  WAGON  FOR  THE  FIELD  PARK. 

Interior  arrangement  of  limber  chest. — Plate  IV. 

The  chest  is  marked:  Battery  wagon,  D. 

Two  cleats  of  oak  are  fastened  to  the  ends  of  the  chest,  each 
with /owr  screws,  1.5  in.  No.  14.  The  cleats  are  .75  inch  thick, 
and  1.75  inch  wide ;  their  upper  edges  are  7.5  inches  from 
the  bottom  of  the  chest. 

Two  boxes,  marked  D,  Nos.  1  and  '2,  occupy  the  upper  part  of 
the  chest,  resting  on  the  cleats ;  No.  1  against  the  back  of  the 
chest.     They  are  made  of  white  pine,  .75  in,  thick,  with  leather 
handles  and  loose  covers,  .5  in.   thick. 
4 


26 


PART  12. EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD    BATTERIES. 


Each  of  the  bo:ses  is  39.8  in.  long  outside,  and  6.25  in.  deep. 

No.  1  is  8  inches  wide;  it  has  two  partitions  5.25  inches  from 
one  end,  and  1.5  from  the  other,  in  the  clear. 

No.  2  is  9.8  inches  wide,  with  two  partitions,  14  inches  from 
one  end,  and  11.8  inches  from  the  other  end. 

One  oil  can,  like  that  for  the  limber  chest  of  Forge  A,  marked: 

D,   SPERM  OIL. 

Five  wooden  clamps ,  for  saws,  are  fastened  to  the  interior  of 
the  chest  cover,  with  twelve  screws. 

Two  brass  clamps,  for  webs  or  blades  of  frame  saw,  fastened  to 
the  interior  of  the  cover,  each  with  six  nails. 

Contents  of  limber  chest  for  Battery  Wagon,  D. 


TOOLS    AND  STORES. 


CARRIAGE    maker's    TOOLS. 

1  set  bench  planes,  (4) 

2  wood  clamps 

2  oil  stones 

1  broad  axe 

1  hand  axe 

1  felling  axe 

1  hand  hammer 

1  claw  hatchet 

1  adze 

1  table  vice 

1  holdfast... 

4  framing  chisels 

4  firmer  chisels 

4  gouges 

1  frame  saw , 

2  screw  wrenches 

6  augers  and  handles 

2  claw  hammers 

1  saddler's  mallet 

1  saddler's  claw 

1  brace  and  24  bits 

1  pair  pincers,  small 

1  pair  callipers 

2  spoke  shaves 

2  gauges 

6  plane  irons 

1  saw  set 


Packed  with  tow  in  the  bottom  of 
the  chest. 


Box  D,  1. 


BATTERY  WAGON  FOR  FIELD  PARK.  27 

Contents  of  limber   chest  fm-  Battery   Wagon,  D — Continued. 


TOOLS  AND  STORES. 


1  trying  square , 

1  bevel 

1  rule,  (2  feet) 

1  dozen  gimlets 

1  pair  compasses 

1  chalk  line 

2  brad  awls 

1  scriber 

1  dozen  taper  files,  (4|  inches) . 
6  wood  files 

2  wood  rasps 

1  compass  saw 

1  groce  harness  buckles 

10,000  tacks 

1  quart  can  sperm  oil 


Box  D,  1. 


2  hand  saws , 

2  tenon  saws , 

2  webs  or  blades  for  frame  saw. 

saddler's  tools  and  stores. 


Fastened  to  interior  of  chest  cover, 
with  wooden  clamps. 

Do.      with  brass  clamps. 


1  hammer 

6  shoe  knives , 

1  half  round  knife.... 

1  pair  shears 

3  sand  stones 

1  rule,  (2-feet) 

600  needles,  assorted . . . 

5  collar  needles 

36  awls 

6  awl  handles 

6  punches,  (assorted) . 

3  pair  pincers 

6  pair  plyers 

3  claw  tools 

3  creasers 

3  strap  awls 

1  gauge  knife 

1  pair  compasses 

6  thimbles 

1  lb.  bristles 

3  lbs.  bees  wax 

5  lbs.  black  wax 

5  lbs.  patent  thread. . . 


'  Box  D,  2. 


1  tar  bucket I  On  its  hook. 


28:  PART    12. EQUIPMENT  OF    FIELD  BATTERIES. 

Interim-  arrangement  of  wagon  body,  D. — ^Plate  VI. 

A  till,  on  the  right  side  of  the  wagon,  as  described  in  Part  '2, 
page  55. 

An  axe  rack,  on  the  left  side  of  the  wagon  body,  as  in  Battery- 
wagon  C. 

Eight  boxes,  for  tools  and  stores,  marked:  D,  Nos.  3,  4,  5,  6,  7, 
8,  9,  10,  respectively. 

One  shoeing  box,  marked  D. 


Exterior  dimensions  of  boxes  fw  Battery  Wagon,  D. 


DESIGNATION. 

Length. 

Width. 

Depth. 

remarks. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

D,  Nos.  3  &  5. 

23.5 

20.25 

14. 

" 

D,  No.  4 

D,  No.  6 

D,  No.  7 

27.5 
19.5 
31.5 

23.5 
19.5 
19.5 

14. 
10.5 

8. 

Made  of  hard  wood  .75  in.  thick, 
with  hinged  covers,  fastened 
with  hooks. 

D,  No.  8 

D,  No.  9 

D,  No.  10.... 

12.5 

13. 

14.5 

8.5 
13. 
6. 

7.5 

5. 

5.5 

Made  of  white  pine  .625  inch 
thick;  covers  with  hinges  and 
hooks.  No.  9  divided  into  4 
equal  parts. 

See  Part  10,  Plate  VII. 

Eight  tin  cans :  Two  of  the  capacity  of  two  gallons,  for  neats' 
FOOT  OIL  and  linseed  oil;  three  of  one  gallon,  for  the  same  oils, 
and  for  turpentine  ;  two,  for  twenty-Jive  pounds  each  of  olive 
paint;  and  one,  ior  Jive  pounds  of  black  paint.  They  are  made 
like  those  of  the  same  capacity  for  Battery  wagon  C. 

Two  kegs,  for  grease;  like  those  in  Battery  wagon  C. 

The  clamps  and  other  fixtures  on  the  interior  of  the  wagon 
cover,  are  mentioned  in  the  list  of  contents. 


BATTERY    WAGON  FOR  FIELD  PARK. 


Contents  of  wagon  body,  D. — Plate  VI. 


TOOLS    AND   STORES. 


1  gun  carriage  stock,  (ironed).. 

2  caisson  stocks,  (not  ironed).. 
2  splinter  bars 

28  tire  bolts,  nuts,  and  washers. 

2  axletrees 

4  half  tires 

200  lbs.  bar  iron 

50  lbs.  steel 

3  pole  yokes 

10  wheel  traces 

10  leading  traces 

20  trace  chains,  staples,  &  rivets 

6  collars 

16  girths 

16  whips 

25  hames  straps 

6  bridles 

6  halters 

12  halter  chains 

3  sides  harness  leather 

2  sides  bridle  leather 

30  lbs.  rope,  21  in 

12  nose  bags 

5  yards  slow  match 

3  screw  jacks 

2  elevating  screws 

2  drag  ropes 

1  grindstone  and  arbor 


(  On  the  bottom  of  the  wagon,  against  the 

<  right  side,  resting  on  two  blocks  to  clear 
(     the  rammer  stop;  the  lunette  to  the  rear. 

Against  the  left  side  and  rear  of  the  wagon  ; 

one  on  the  other,  the  lunette  ends  in  front. 
On  the  bottom,  lying  on  each  other  against  the 

caisson  stocks  and  the  rear  of  the  wagon. 
On  the  bottom,  against  the  front  &  right  side 

On    the   bottom,  against   the  gun  carriage 

stock  and  the  front  end. 
Between  the  axletrees  and  the  splinter  bars. 

C  In  5  bundles,  not  more  than  3  feet  long ; 

<  on  the  half  tires,  against  the  front  of  the 
(     wagon. 

On  the  bar  iron,  towards  the  front. 


Piled  on  the  bottom  of  the  wagon,  against 
the  gun  carriage  stock  and  the  till,  and 
on  the  caisson  stocks  and  splinter  bars; 
occupying  about  31  inches  in  length  of 
the  rear  part  of  the  wagon. 


C  Trimmed  and  rolled  up  tight;  on  the  axle- 
<  trees  and  tires,  in  front  of  the  pile  of 
(     harness. 

Between  the  front  ends  of  the  caisson  stocks 
and  the  bar  iron. 


>  On  the  pile  of  harness. 

>  On  the  slow  match. 

Coiled  on  the  screw  jacks. 
On  the  drag  ropes. 


30  PART  12. — EQUIPMENT  OF    FIELD  BATTERIES. 

Contents  of  wagon  body,  D. — Continued. 


TOOLS   AND   STORES. 


For  1.5  in. 
rockets. 


3  felling  axes 

3  hand  bills , 

3  gallons  neats'  foot  oil 

50  lbs.  grease 

1  gallon  spirits  turpentine.. . 

LABORATORY    TOOLS. 

1  copper  adze,  with  handle 

4  wooden  bowls 

2  bench  brushes  

1  pair  callipers 

1  dredging  box 

1  rocket  mould  . . 

1  set  of  formers. . 

1  set  of  drifts .... 

1  set  of  formers  for  cylinders 

and  caps,  each  calibre. . 

4  copper  funnels 

1  set  shot  and  shell  gauges 

3  gimlets 

1  copper  hammer 

1  paste  kettle 

1  lead  ladle 

1  set  stencils,  for  letters  &  fig's 

4  mallets 

1  set  powder  measures,  4  oz., 

8oz.,  lib.,  and  2  lbs 

1  brass  mortar  &  pestle,  small. 

1  set  moulds  for  musket  and  rifle 

balls,  and  buck  shot. . . 

2  wooden  muUers 

50  needles 

3  paste  brushes 

3  copper  pans,  10  or  12  in. 

1  rule,  (2  feet,)  not  folded. 

2  sand  stones 

1  spring  balance,  30  lbs . . . 

1  dozen  scissors 

1  copper  scoop,  large 

3  do.  small 

1  hair  sieve 

2  hand  screw  drivers,  large 

1  spatula 

6  thimbles 

1  gunner's  callipers 


In  the  axe  rack. 


In  2  cans 
"  2  kegs 
"  1  can 


In  box  D,  3 ;  placed  on  the  caisson 
stocks  &  the  rolls  of  leather,  against 
the  front  of  the  pile  of  harnesa. 


In  box  D,  4;  placed  on  the  caisson  stocks 
and  rolls  of  leather,  next  to  No.  3. 


BATTERY    WAGON  FOR  FIELD  PARK. 

Contents  of  wagon  body,  D. — Continued. 


31 


TOOLS    AND    STORES. 


6  priming  wires 

6  gunner's  gimlets 

3  gunner's  pincers 

1  tinner's  furnace 

3  gallons  linseed  oil 

50  lbs.  olive  paint 

5  lbs.  black  paint 

2  tarpaulins,  5  feet  square 

2  do.  do 

10  lbs.  marline 

6  sheep  skins 

armorer's  tools. 

3  wire  awls 

1  band  set 

1  drill  brace 

1  hand  brace 

6  centre  bits 

2  hand  brushes 

1  bench  brush 

1  pair  callipers 

1  centre  punch 

6  cold  chisels 

6  stocker's  chisels 

6  stocker's  gouges 

1  pair  compasses 

2  spring  clamps 

2  wood  clamps 

1  drill  stock 

6  drills,  assorted 

1  die  stock 

1  set  dies 

72  files,  assorted 

12  file  handles 

1  glue  pot 

3  spring  hooks 

3  bench  hammers 

1  drawing  knife 

3  pairs  nippers 

3  pairs  plyers 

12  reamers,  assorted 

1  pair  spring  compasses. . 
J  riffler 


Box  D,  4 — Continued. 


In  2  cans  ^  In  box  D,  5;  placed  on  the  pole 
"  2  cans  >  yokes  and  rope,  between  No.  4 
*'  1  can   )     and  the  front  of  the  wagon. 

On  the  gun  carriage  stock. 

Between  the  till  and  boxes  Nos.  3,  4,  and  5. 

On  box  No.  3. 

On  boxes  Nos.  4  and  5. 


^  Box  D,  6;  placed  on  top  of  No.  5,  against 
the  front  of  the  wagon. 


32  PART    12. EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD  BATTERIES, 

Contents  of  wagon  body^  D.  — Continued. 


TOOLS    AND   STORES. 


armorer's  tools — (Cont'd.) 

1  bench  stake 

1  hack  saw  frame 

6  hack  saw  blades 

4  armorer's  punches 

6  screw  drivers,  brace 

1  rule,  2  feet 

2  armorer's  tongs 

1  set  screw  taps. 

1  breeching  vice 

3  hand  vices 

1  bevel  vice 

1  breeching  wrench 

1  tap  wrench 

1  straight  edge 

1  bayonet  mandril 

2  soldering  irons 

1  screw  wrench 

2  oil  cans,  small 

1  pair  tinner's  shears 

1  brass  scale,  1  foot 

1  flint  screw  wrench 

12  haversacks 

8  tube  pouches 

8  thumb  stalls 

15  yards  linen  canvas 

10  lbs.  sperm  or  wax  candles . 

20  lbs.  nails,  4d  to  lOd 

1  set  of  shoeing  tools 

6  spades 

3  pick  axes,  without  handles 
3  handles  for  do 

24  pieces  sash  cord. 

1  drill  bow 

1  barrel  wiper  and  scraper. . . 

2  lbs.  quick  match 

10  lbs.  shoe  thread 

3  dark  lanterns 

4  common  lanterns. ...,,,.. 


Box  D.  6 — Continued. 


!Box  D,  7 ;  placed  on  top  of  No.  4,  and 
against  No.  6. 

In  box  D,  8,  on  top  of  No.  3. 

Box  D,  9,  on  No.  3  and  on  the  till. 

In  shoeing  box,  on  No.  3. 
In  the  till,  on  each  other;  the  bits  against  the 
back  of  the  wagon. 

In  the  till,  between  the  spade  handles. 


In  the  till,  lying  on  the  bottom. 

Box  D,  10;  in  the  left  side  of  the  till,  in  front 

of  the  spade  handles. 
In  the  till,  in  front  of  box  No.  10. 

)  In  the  left  side  of  the  till,  between  the  shoe 
\     thread  and  the  front  end. 


BATTERY  WAGON    FOR   FIELD   PARK. 

Contents  of  wagon  body,  D — Continued. 


33 


TOOLS    AND    STORES. 


6  rammer  heads 

12  sponges 

12  paint  brushes 

6  rammer  staves 

6  reaping  hooks 

1  cross  cut  saw. . . .  )  without 
1  pit  saw \  handles  < 

4  handles  for  do 


PLACE. 


In  the  till;  between  the  lanterns  and  the 
side  of  the  wagon. 

On  box  No.  10,  and  by  the  side  of  it. 

In  the  wagon  cover ;  3  on  each  side  of  the 
ridge  pole,  secured  with  2  wooden  but- 
tons, which  are  fastened  to  the  ridge  pole, 
each  with  1  screw. 

Fastened  to  the  ridge  pole  with  a  wooden 
clamp  and  a  leather  strap  passing  through 
a  staple  in  the  ridge  pole. 

In  the  wagon  cover,  laid  on  each  other,  and 
fastened  by  2  wooden  clamps ;  the  teeth 
of  the  cross  cut  saw  against  the  right 
cover  rail ;  the  handle  end  of  the  pit 
saw  against  the  rear  board  of  the  cover. 

On  the  spade  handles. 


> 


'■'y. 


ft 


A^  I  >. 


^ 


"^W"^^ 

1^^^ 


54  PART  12. EQUIPMENT  OF  FIELD  BATTERIES. 

Bill  of  boards  for  packing  boxes  ^  for  Forges. 


DESIGNATION. 


FOR   FORGE   A. 

T»        .     ,     (  Bottom  and  top 

i5ox  A,  1 .  ^  Sides  and  ends 

.    2    ^  Bottom  and  top 

'     *  I  Sides,  ends,  and  partition 

.     «    (  Bottom  and  top 

'        (  Sides  and  ends 

.     .    (  Bottom  and  top 

'     '  I  Sides,  ends,  and  partition 

.     c    ^  Bottom  and  top 

^'  ^'  J  Sides  and  ends 

4    g    (  Bottom  and  top 

'       (  Sides  and  ends 

FOR   FORGE   B. 

T>^-  D    1     ^  Bottom  and  top 

Box  B.  1.  J  Sides  and  ends. 

g    o    ^  Bottom  and  top 

'     '  (  Sides  and  ends 

g    o    ^  Bottom  and  top 

'     *  (  Sides,  ends,  and  partition 

«    .    (  Bottom  and  top 

*  •  (  Sides  and  ends 

■n    r    (  Bottom  and  top 

*  (  Sides  and  ends 

g    g    (  Bottom  and  top 

»       )  Sides  and  ends 


ROUGH 
DIMENSIONS. 


In. 

38 
72 

38 

84 

38 
72 

50 

84 

84 
108 

38 
72 


38 
72 

56 
96 

53 
72 

84 
108 

38 
72 

38 
72 


^ 


In. 

14.25 
7.5 

14.25 
7.5 

14.25 
7.5 

8.75 
6.5 

10.5 
6.5 

14.25 
7.5 


14.25 
7.5 

19. 
7.5 

8.5 
6.5 

10.5 
6.5 

14.25 
7.5 

14.25 
7.5 


Sup.  ft. 

3.76 
3.75 

3.76 
4.37 

3.76 
3.75 

3.04 
3.79 

6.12 

4.87 

3.76 
3.75 


W.  pine. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 


48.48 


3.76 
3.75 

7.39 
5. 

3.13 
3.25 

6.12 

4.87 

3.76 
3.75 

3.76 
3.75 

52.29 


Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do, 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 


BOARDS  FOR  PACKING  BOXES. 


35 


Bill  of  boards  for  packing  boxes,  for  battery  wagon,  C. 


DESIGNATION. 


FOR  BATTERY  WAGON  C. 


n^^  r>    1    ^  Bottom  and  top. 
Box  O,  1.  {sides  and  ends., 


Q    n    (  Bottom  and  top 

'     *)  Sides  and  ends 


Q    g    ^  Bottom  and  top 

'     '  (  Sides,  ends,  and  partition 


Q    ^    ^  Bottom  and  top 

'     '     Sides,  ends,  and  partition 


Q    r    ^Bottom 

'     ■  /  Sides  and  ends. 


Q    g    <  Bottom 

'     *  I  Sides  and  ends. 


n    1    ^  Bottom  and  top, 
'        (  Sides  and  ends. . 

<  Bottom  and  tor 


C,  8. 


la  top 

\  Sides,  ends,  and  partitions 

^  C  Bottom  and  top 

C,  CANDLES  J  Sides  and  ends. 


ROUGH   DIMEN- 
SIONS. 


In. 


56 
.96 

84 
120 

84 
120 

25 
90 

25 
90 

50 
96 

30 

84 

24 
40 


In. 

14.25 
7.5 

19. 
7.5 

10.5 
6.25 

8.5 
6.25 

19.5 
12.5 

19.5 
12. 

21.5 
14.25 

14. 
5. 

7. 
5.5 


Sup.  ft. 

3.76 
3.75 

7.39 
5. 

6.12 
5.21 

4.96 
5.21 

3.39 
7.5 

3.39 
7.5 

7.46 
9.5 

2.92 
2.92 

1.16 
1.53 

88.67 


White  pine. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Hard  wood. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

White  pine. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 


36  PART  12. — EQUIPMENT  OP  FIELD  BATTERIES. 

Bill  of  boards  for  packing  boxes,  for  battery  wagon,  D. 


DESIGKATION. 


FOR   BATTERY  WAGON  D. 

Tirt-o-  n    1    ^  Bottom  and  top 
BOX  u,  I.  ^sides,ends,and] 


id  partitions 


ROUGH   DIMEK- 
SIONS. 


t\    n   \  Bottom  and  top 

'     *(  Sides,  ends,  and  partitions 


r\    ^   \  Bottom  and  top. 
'     *  (Sides and  ends.. 


P    i    (  Bottom  and  top. 
'     *  )  Sides  and  ends. . 


rx    c    (  Bottom  and  top. 
'     *  )  Sides  and  ends.. 


T\  c    \  Bottom  and  top. 

'  •  (  Sides  and  ends . . 

jj  -    (  Bottom  and  top. 

'  *  \  Sides  and  ends.. 


Pj    g    (  Bottom  and  top 

'     *  (  Sides  and  ends , 

jy    Q    (  Bottom  and  top 

'     '  (Sides,  ends,  and  partitions 

rw  in  5  Bottom  and  top , 

^' ^'^- )  Sides  and  ends , 


In. 

84 
120 

84 
128 

50 
96 


112 

50 
96 

44 
44 

70 
112 

30 

48 

30 

84 

32 
45 


In. 

8.5 
6.25 

10.5 
6.25 

21.5 
14.25 

25. 
14, 


21.5     1. 
14.25   1 


21. 
10.5 

21. 

8. 

9. 
7.5 

14. 
5. 

6.5 
6.5 


Sup.  ft 

4.96 
5.21 

6.12 
5.55 

7.46 
9.5 

10.42 
10.89 

7.46 
9.5 

6.42 
3.21 

10.21 
6.22 

1.87 
2.5 

2.92 
2.92 

1.44 
1.72 

116.50 


White  pine. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Hard  wood. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

White  pine. 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 


Do. 
Do. 


ARTILLERY. 


PART  THIRTEENTH. 


INSTRUMENTS 


VERIFYING  THE  DIMENSIONS 


ORDNANCE  AND  PROJECTILES. 


1849 


PART    THIRTEENTH. 

INSPECTING    INSTRUMENTS. 

Ring  gauges  for  shot  and  shells. — Plate  I. 

These  gauges  are  made  of  steel,  not  hardened.  They  should 
be  reamed  with  the  greatest  accuracy.  The  handles  are  of 
walnut,  oak,  or  other  smooth-grained  wood.  The  ferrules  of 
sheet  brass,  No.  13.  The  end  of  the  shank  is  riveted  in  an 
iron  burr.  The  exterior  corners  of  the  rings  are  slightly  rounded. 
There  is  a  large  and  a  small  gauge  for  each  calibre ;  their  dimen- 
sions are  alike,  except  the  diameters,  which  are  given  in  the 
table  annexed  to  the  drawing. 

Cylinder  gauges,  for  shot  and  shells. — Plate  I. 

These  gauges  are  made  of  cast  iron,  turned  on  the  exterior, 
and  reamed  out  to  the  diameter  of  the  large  ring  gauge  of  each 
calibre.     The  dimensions  are  shown  in  the  plate. 

Ring  gauges,  for  grape  and  canister  shot. — Plate  I. 

They  are  made  of  steel,  the  large  and  small  rings  being  cut 
out  of  the  same  piece.  The  exterior  edges  are  rounded,  for  con- 
venience in  handling  them.  The  tables  in  the  drawing  show  the 
diameters  of  the  rings  for  each  kind  and  calibre. 

Shell  Callipers. 

Callipers  for  measuring  the  thickness  of  shells  at  the  bottom. 
Figs.  A  and  B. — Plate  I. 

For  greater  convenience  these  callipers  are  made  of  two  sizes; 
one  for  shells  and  spherical  case  shot,  of  not  more  than  8  inches 
diameter ;  the  other,  for  8  in,  and  10  in.  shells,  for  mortars  and 
€olumbiads. 


2  PART  13. INSPECTING  INSTRUMENTS. 

The  thickness  of  12  in.,  13  in.,  or  any  special  shells,  may  be 
measured  by  inserting  a  graduated  probe  in  the  fuze  hole. 

The  callipers  consist  of  a  steel  point  which  is  screwed  into  a 
hollow  iron  stem,  attached  to  a  wooden  handle,  and  an  iron  bow 
which  turns  on  a  pivot,  and  carries  a  steel  slider. 

The  point  connected  with  the  handle  is  inserted  in  the  fuze 
hole  and  pressed  against  the  bottom  of  the  shell  inside,  whilst  the 
slider  is  brought  against  the  bottom  on  the  outside.  The  varia- 
tions allowed  in  the  thickness  of  metal  are  marked,  for  each  kind 
and  calibre  of  shell,  on  the  socket  of  the  slider. 

The  head  of  the  slider  is  screwed  on  and  slightly  riveted.  If 
the  inner  point  becomes  worn,  it  can  be  adjusted  by  putting  a 
washer  under  the  shoulder,  where  it  is  screwed  into  the  stem. 

The  large  callipers  require  separate  points,  for  measuring  mor- 
tar and  columbiad  shells ;  collars  of  corresponding  thicknesses 
are  put  on  the  slide,  to  prevent  the  points  from  interfering  with 
each  other  when  the  instrument  is  not  in  use. 

Callipers  for  measuring  the  thickness  of  shells  at  the  sides. 

The  callipers  represented  in  Fig.  C,  Plate  I,  are  adapted  to 
all  shells  not  exceeding  10  inches  diameter. 

The  graduated  limb  is  an  iron  tube ;  it  is  inserted  into  a  sta- 
tionary head,  which  contains  also  a  socket  for  the  curved  branch 
which  enters  the  shell,  its  shoulder  resting  on  the  opening  of  the 
fuze  hole.  This  branch  or  measuring  point  is  made  of  steel, 
hardened;  it  is  different  for  each  kind  and  calibre  of  shell,  as 
shown  in  the  table,  at  the  foot  of  the  figure. 

The  graduated  limb  is  prevented  from  turning  in  its  socket  by 
a  screw  on  the  upper  side  of  the  socket ;  the  hole  in  the  limb  for 
this  screw  is  oblong,  so  as  to  allow  the  limb  to  slide  a  short  dis- 
tance, by  turning  the  screw  in  the  end  of  the  stationary  head. 
The  object  of  this  motion  is  to  adjust  the  limb,  in  case  of  the 
points  becoming  worn,  &c.,  for  which  purpose  a  fixed  mark  of 


SHELL   CALLIPERS.  o 

adjustment  for  each  calibre  and  kind  of  shell  is  made  on  the  limb ; 
for  the  common  shells,  on  the  upper  side,  and  for  spherical  case 
below,  corresponding  with  the  other  graduations  on  the  limb. 
These  graduations  show,  not  the  thickness  of  each  shell,  but  the 
variations  allowed  in  the  thickness. 

The  sliding  branch,  which  forms  the  exterior  measuring  point, 
is  made  of  steel ;  it  slides  on  the  limb,  and  can  be  easily  turned 
to  one  side  for  the  purpose  of  inserting  the  fixed  point  in  the 
shell  y  the  thumb  screw  in  this  branch  is  intended  for  holding  it 
fast  when  the  instrument  is  not  in  use. 

Fig.  D,  Plate  I,  represents  another  kind  of  shell  callipers 
which  may  be  advantageously  used  for  inspecting  large  shells. 
The  drawing  shows  the  dimensions  of  the  callipers  for  8  in.  and 
10  in.  mortar  shells.  The  instrument  is  made  of  sheet  iron,  or 
steel.  It  has  two  bent  branches  which  turn  on  a  pivot  in  the 
centre,  and  to  one  of  which  a  graduated  limb  is  attached ;  on  this 
limb  the  socket  of  the  other  branch  slides,  and  by  its  position  in- 
dicates, in  an  obvious  manner,  whether  the  thickness  of  the  shell 
is  within  the  required  limits.  A  sliding  collar,  fastened  by  a 
thumb  screw,  serves  to  adjust  the  length  of  the  inner  branch  of 
the  callipers ;  so  that,  when  the  collar  rests  on  the  outer  opening 
of  the  fuze  hole,  the  point  of  this  branch  shall  be  at  the  proper 
depth  in  the  shell. 

Gauges  for  fuze  holes. 

These  gauges  are  made  of  steel.  There  is  one  gauge  for  each 
kind  of  shell,  but  all  have  the  same  taper,  viz.,  0.15  inch  to  1 
inch.  The  stem,  or  straight  part  of  the  gauge,  is  graduated  and 
marked  to  show  the  thickness  of  the  shell  at  the  fuze  hole.  The 
tapering  part  is  marked  for  the  interior  and  exterior  diameters  of 
the  fuze  holes,  for  the  several  sizes  of  shells.  The  edges  of  this 
part  are  slightly  rounded,  so  that  the  corners  of  the  plate  shall 
not  touch  the  sides  of  the  fuze  hole. 


4  part  13. — inspecting  instruments. 

Instruments  for  inspecting  ordnance. 
Sia?'  gauge. — Plate  II. 

This  is  an  instrument  for  measuring  the  diameter  of  the  bore  of 
a  gun,  at  any  part. 

The  head  is  of  cast  brass,  with  four  steel  sockets  for  the  mea- 
suring points.  These  sockets  are  fitted  with  great  care ;  two  of 
them  are  soldered  fast  into  the  head;  the  other  two  are  moveable. 
The  moveable  sockets  and  points  are  pushed  out  by  means  of  two 
inclined  cylinders  of  steel,  which  are  fastened  to  a  steel  stem, 
forming  a  conical  slider.  This  slider  tapers  0.35  in.  in  a  length 
of  2.2  in.;  so  that  by  pushing  the  slider  the  35th  part  of  this 
length  (about  .06  in.)  the  distance  between  the  moveable  points 
is  increased  .01  in. 

The  slider  is  connected  with  a  square  steel  rod,  consisting  of 
three  parts  which  are  screwed  together,  according  to  the  length 
of  bore  to  be  measured.  This  rod  slides  through  brass  sockets 
soldered  into  a  brass  tube,  which  is  also  made  in  three  pieces. 

The  tube  is  graduated,  in  inches  and  quarters,  commencing  at 
the  measuring  points,  so  as  to  indicate  the  distance  of  the  latter 
from  the  muzzle  of  the  gun. 

The  handle  is  of  hard  wood  attached  to  a  brass  cylinder,  or 
socket,  through  which  the  sliding  rod  passes.  In  the  tube  of  the 
handle  there  is  a  slit,  on  the  side  of  which  a  scale  is  marked,  to 
indicate  the  movements  of  the  measuring  points.  Each  joint  of 
the  long  tube  has  a  mark,  made  on  a  small  plate  of  silver,  which 
shows  the  place  of  the  zero  on  the  scale,  when  the  measuring 
points  are  adjusted  to  the  true  diameter  of  the  bore.  In  this  po- 
sition the  handle  is  fixed  on  the  sliding  rod  by  means  of  a  screw 
clamp;  each  joint  of  the  rod  is  roughed  with  a  file,  on  the  two 
lower  sides,  to  prevent  it  from  slipping  in  the  clamp. 


STAR  GAUGE. — CYLINDER  STAFF.  0 

A  ring  gauge,  of  iron,  for  each  calibre,  is  used  for  adjusting 
the  instrument  for  use.  As  these  gauges  give  the  minimum 
diameter  allowed  for  the  bore,  the  fixed  measuring  points  should 
be  adjusted  so  as  just  to  fill  the  ring  gauge,  or  not  to  have  a  play 
of  more  than  .02  inch. 

A  rest,  in  the  form  of  a  T,  is  placed  in  the  mouth  of  the  gun, 
to  keep  the  instrument  in  the  axis  of  the  bore.  This  rest  has 
three  slides  which  can  be  adjusted  to  the  different  sizes  of  bore ; 
the  upright  branch  is  moveable,  for  convenience  of  packing. 

The  star  gauge,  its  points  and  rest,  are  packed  in  one  box,  and 
the  ring  gauges  in  another. 

Plate  III. 

The  cylinder  staff. 

This  is  a  round  staff  made  of  mahogany,  or  other  hard  wood. 
It  is  in  two  parts,  which  are  joined  together  by  brass  sockets  and 
screws;  each  part  has  also  a  brass  socket  and  screw  at  the  outer 
end,  to  receive  the  cylinder  gauge,  guide  plate,  measuring  point 
and  searcher.  The  staff  is  graduated,  in  inches  and  tenths,  on  a 
strip  of  brass  let  into  it^  on  one  side.  These  graduations  are  ar- 
ranged to  read  the  distances  from  the  extremity  of  the  measuring 
point,  when  it  is  screwed  on  the  staff. 

The  cylinder  staff  is  supported,  at  the  muzzle  of  the  piece,  by 
a  half  tompion  of  wood,  having  in  the  centre  a  groove  of  the  size 
of  the  staff.  The  rest  for  the  star  gauge  may  be  used  also  for 
this  purpose. 

The  cylinder  gauge  is  a  hollow  cylinder  of  wrought  or  cast 
iron,  turned  to  the  exact  minimum  (or  true)  diameter  of  the  bore^ 
as  shown  in  the  table  of  ring  gauges,  Plate  II.  The  length  of  the 
cylinder  is  equal  to  its  diameter.  It  has  cross  heads,  at  right 
angles  to  each  other ;  one  with  a  smooth  hole  of  the  same  diameter 
as  the  cylinder  staff;  the  other  tapped  for  the  screw  of  the  staff 
socket. 


6  PART   13. — INSPECTING  INSTRUMENTS. 

The  guide  plate  is  of  wrought  iron,  turned  to  the  true  diameter 
of  the  bore,  and  having  a  hole  in  the  centre  which  is  tapped  to  fit 
the  screw  of  the  staff  socket.  It  is  screwed  on  the  staff,  to  keep 
the  measuring  point  in  the  axis  of  the  bore. 

The  measuring  point  is  of  steel,  with  a  hole  tapped  to  fit  the 
screw  of  the  cylinder  staff,  to  which  it  is  fixed,  over  the  guide 
plate. 

The  searcher  consists  of  four  pointed  steel  prongs,  fastened  to  a 
brass  socket  which  fits  on  the  cyHnder  staff. 

Trunnion  gauge . 

The  trunnion  gauge  is  a  ring  gauge,  made  of  steel.  The  inner 
circle  has  the  true  diameter  of  the  trunnion ;  the  outer  one,  that 
of  the  rimbase. 

Trunnion  square. 

The  trunnion  square  is  formed  of  a  bar  and  two  legs,  of  seasoned 
mahogany,  framed  together  with  tenons  and  mortises.  On  the 
feet  of  the  legs  are  two  iron  plates,  the  lower  edges  of  which 
project  .1  in.  from  the  face  of  the  square,  and  are  dressed  exactly 
in  the  same  line,  for  the  purpose  of  verifying  the  alignment  of  the 
trunnions.  The  distance  between  the  inner  surfaces  of  these 
plates  corresponds  with  the  true  distance  between  the  shoulders 
of  the  trunnions.  Two  iron  guide  plates  are  fastened  with  screws 
to  the  legs,  perpendicularly  to  the  face  of  the  square.  The  dis- 
tance of  the  lower  edges  of  these  plates  from  the  bottom  plate  is 
equal  to  the  semi-diameter  of  the  trunnion,  and  their  length,  from 
the  face  of  the  square,  is  .2  in.  greater  than  that  semi-diameter. 
The  length  of  the  legs  is  equal  to  one-half  the  distance  between 
them.     The  length  of  the  feet  is  equal  to  that  of  the  trunnion. 

In  the  middle  of  the  upper  bar  of  the  square  is  a  steel  slider, 
fitted  into  a  brass  groove,  and  furnished  with  a  thumb  screw  to 


TRUNNION    GAUGES.  / 

hold  it  fast  when  required.  This  slider  serves  to  verify  the  posi- 
tion of  the  axis  of  the  trunnions,  with  reference  to  the  axis  of  the 
bore,  supposing  the  bore  to  be  concentric  with  the  exterior  sur- 
face of  the  metal. 

The  Plate  represents  trunnion  squares  of  two  sizes ;  one  for 
guns  of  greater  calibre  than  24-pounder;  the  other,  for  smaller 
calibres.  The  dimensions  not  expressed  in  the  drawing  are 
readily  supplied  by  means  of  the  foregoing  directions. 

For  special  use,  at  a  foundry,  trunnion  squares  may  be  made 
of  cast  iron,  in  one  piece. 

Trunnion  rule. 

This  instrument  is  designed  for  measuring  the  distance  from 
the  rear  of  the  trunnions  to  the  rear  of  the  base  ring  of  guns  and 
howitzers,  or  from  the  front  of  the  trunnions  to  the  face  of  the 
muzzle,  in  mortars. 

The  measuring  rod  is  a  tube,  (it  may  be  made  of  a  musket  bar- 
rel,) graduated  in  inches  and  tenths.  It  is  attached  to  an  iron 
socket,  having  mortises  through  which  two  iron  squares  shde,  at 
right  angles  to  each  other ;  both  these  squares  are  fastened  in  any 
required  position  by  the  small  set  screw  at  the  head  of  the  socket. 
The  large  square  is  marked  to  be  set  in  such  a  manner  that  when 
the  upper  branch  rests  on  the  top  of  the  trunnion  the  head  of  the 
socket  shall  touch  the  rear  line  of  the  trunnion.  The  T  square  is 
graduated  to  be  set  so  that  when  its  head  rests  against  the 
shoulder  of  the  trunnion,  and  the  side  of  the  rod  against  the  base 
ring  of  the  piece,  the  rod  shall  be  parallel  to  the  axis  of  the  bore. 
In  this  position  the  slider  on  the  rod  is  brought  up  to  the  rear  of 
the  base  ring  and  clamped  with  the  thumb  screw.  This  slider  is 
furnished  with  a  vernier  for  reading  hundredths  of  an  inch. 


8  PART  13. — INSPECTING  INSTRUMENTS. 

Standard  scale . 

This  scale  is  made  of  brass ;  it  is  to  serve  as  a  standard  for 
verifying  the  dimensions  of  other  instruments  and  tools.  For 
convenience  in  making  measurements,  it  is  furnished  with  two 
sliding  heads  made  of  brass,  with  steel  points.  One  of  these 
heads  has  a  vernier  for  reading  hundredths  of  an  inch.  They 
are  steadied  by  small  steel  springs,  and  they  are  clamped,  in  any 
given  position  on  the  scale,  by  means  of  screws,  with  milled  heads. 

Measuring  rule. 

This  rule  is  made  of  wood,  intended  for  ordinary  use  in  making 
the  measurements  required  in  inspections ;  should  be  close-grained 
and  well  seasoned.  Holly  is  a  suitable  kind  of  wood  for  this 
purpose. 

Callipers. 

The  callipers  are  made  of  iron,  with  steel  points.  Three  brass 
washers  are  inserted  between  the  branches  and  plates  in  which 
the  pivot  IS  riveted.     The  joint  should  be  made  stiff. 

Vent  gauges. 

They  are  made  of  steel  wire,  fastened  in  wooden  handles.  The 
diameter  of  the  small  gauge  is  0.195  in.;  the  large,  0.205  in. 

Vent  searcher. 

This  is  a  piece  of  steel  wire,  with  a  hook  at  the  point,  fastened 
into  a  wooden  handle.  It  is  used  to  detect  cavities  in  the  bore  of 
the  vent. 


I 


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